EWR

1. 1
CHAPTER -1
Introduction To Environment And Pollution
Contents
1.1 Environment: Components of Environment Ecosystem: Types
& Structure of Ecosystem, Balanced ecosystem
• 1.2 Wastes and type of wastes
• 1.3 Sources of wastes
• 1.4 Waste characterization and segregation

2. 2
1.1 ENVIRONMENT
• Environmental science is the study of nature and the facts about environment.
Environment can be defined as "all the social, economical, physical and chemical
factors that surrounds man" or "all abiotic and biotic components .
• Exploitation of various earth resources to satisfy the increasing needs of human
population has resulted in 1) depletion of various resources of earth 2)
pollution. Principles of
• environmental education:
• Examine the major environmental issues
• Discover the root cause
• Develop problem solving skills
• Promote co-operation in solving problems
• Emphasis active participation in prevention and solution to problems

3. 3
SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
• Studying the interrelationship between the components of environment.
• Carrying out impact analysis and Environmental Audit
• Preventing pollution from existing and new industries
• Stopping the use of biological and nuclear weapons
• Managing unpredictable disasters etc.
1.2 ECOSYSTEM
An ecosystem is therefore defined as a natural functional ecological unit
comprising of living organisms and their non-living environment that interact to
form a stable self supporting system.
Ecology is the study of the distribution and abundance of organisms, the flows of
energy and materials between abiotic and biotic components of ecosystems.

4. 4

6. abiotic, consists of nonliving components such as water, air, nutrients,
rocks, heat, and solar energy. The other type, called biotic, consists of living
and once living biological components—plants, animals, and microbes

26. Pyramid of Energy A pyramid of biomass represents the rate of energy
flow and/or productivity at successive tropic levels. The pyramids of
energy are always upright.

29. 1.3 Wastes and type of wastes
29

30. 30

31. 31

32. 32

43. 43
CHAPTER -2
CHAPTER -2: WASTE MANAGEMENT
Contents
2.1 Waste management principles 2.1.1 Waste management
hierarchy 2.1.2 Integrated solid waste management systems (Life
cycle based, generation based and management) 2.2 Products
development from wastes 2.2.1 Ecology of various wastes 2.2.2
Composite products of solid wastes 2.3 E-technologies and their
development 2.3.1 E-technologies for solid wastes 2.3.2 E-
technologies for liquid wastes 2.3.3 E-technologies for air
emissions