In wireless communication the WAP is important part as today's world of internet.

1. Topic Name: Wireless Application Protocol
M.E (SE) 1st sem.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

2. INTRODUCTION:
 WAP is design for access to Internet and advance
telephony services from mobile phone.
 WAP pays proper sensitivity to constraints of device
like small display, limited key on keypad, no pointer
device like mouse etc.
 Independent of their network, bearer and terminals,
user will be able to access Internet and corporate
Internet service while mobile.
 Though WAP can be used from a variety of
networks , GPRS and 3G networks are more
suitable for these application.

3. WHY USE WAP ?
o Wireless networks and phones
o have specific needs and requirements not
addressed by existing Internet technologies.
o WAP enables any data transport
o TCP/IP, UDP/IP, GUTS (IS-135/6), SMS, or
USSD.
o The WAP architecture
o has several modular entities which together
form a fully compliant Internet entity
o all WML content is accessed via HTTP 1.1
requests.

4. WAP LAYERED CONSIST.....
 WAE - Wireless Application Environment
 WSP - Wireless Session Protocol
 WTP - Wireless Transaction Protocol
 WTLS - Wireless Transport Layer Security
 WDP - Wireless Datagram Protocol

5. WAP LAYERED ARCHITECTURE AND PROTOCOL
STACK

6. WAP APPLICATION ENVIRONMENT(WAE)
 The primary goal of WAE is to provide an
interoperable environment to build service in
wireless space.
 It covers system architecture relating to user agent,
networking schemes, contents formats,
programming language and shared services based
on WWW technology.
 WAP request from browser is routed through a
WAP gateway.
 The gateway acts as an intermediary between
client and network through a wireless last mile.
 The gateway does encoding and decoding of data
transferred from and to mobile user agent.

7. WAE LOGICAL MODEL
Web Server
Content
CGI
Scripts
etc.
WMLDecks
withWML-Script
WAP Gateway
WML Encoder
WMLScript
Compiler
Protocol Adapters
Client
WML
WML-
Script
WTAI
Etc.
HTTPWSP/WTP

8. WAE COMPONENT..
 User Agent:
 It is work on behalf of user
 In WAE context, user agent is the user facing
browser software
 In WAE this is generally refer to as micro browser
 WAE not formally specify the functionality of any
user.
 WAE is not limited to a WML user agent.
 WAE allow integration of domain specific user
agent as well.

9. WAE COMPONENT CONTINUE.....
wireless mark up language:
 Tag-based browsing language:
– Screen management (text, images)
– Data input (text, selection lists, etc.)
– Hyperlinks & navigation support
 XML-based language
 Inherits technology from HTML
 Implement deck and card metaphor.
 Deck is a logical represantation of document.
 Deck are made up of multiple cards.
 Each WML card,in a deck perform a specific task
for a perticular user interaction.

10. WAE COMPONENT CONTINUE.....
WML EXAMPLE:
<WML>
<CARD id=“n1” titile=“card1”>
<p> Hello world </p>
</CARD>
<CARD id=“n2” title="card2">
<p> welcome to WML </p>
</CARD>
</WML>

11. WAE COMPONENT CONTINUE.....
 WML SCRIPT:
 It is an extended subset of JavaScript.
O Key features:
 JavaScript-based scripting language.
 Procedural logic
 Compiled implementation
 event-based
 Integrated into WAE
 International support
 Data type

12. WAE COMPONENT CONTINUE.....
 Wireless Telephony Application:
 WAP provide WATI (wireless telephony application
interface) function to create Telephony Application.
 This is achieved through a wireless telephony
application(WTA) user agent using appropriate
WTAI function.
 There are different library function to do different
telephony function:
-voice call control
-Network Text
-phone book
-Call Logs

13. WAE COMPONENT CONTINUE.....
 WAP Push Architecture:
 In a normal client/server model , a client request for
a service or information from a server.
 Then server response to request by transmitting
information back to client. This is refer to pull
technology where client pulls information from the
server.
 WAP offer push technology in that there is no
explicit request from client before server transmits
its contents.
 This can be termed as unsolicited response.

14. PULL VERSUS PUSH TECHNOLOGY

15. WIRELESS SESSION PROTOCOL
 WSP Provides the application layer of WAP with
a consistent interface for two session services.
A connection-oriented service that operates
above the transaction layer protocol WTP.
A connectionless service that operates above
a secure or non-secure datagram service
(WDP).

16. WIRELESS TRANSACTION PROTOCOL
 Provide efficient request/reply based transport
mechanism suitable for devices with limited
resources over networks with low to medium
bandwidth.
WTP Push mode allows server to “push” data
to a client without request (e.g. notification of
stock hitting target price)
WTP/WDP uses less than half the packets that
TCP/IP uses to transfer the same amount of
data.

17. WIRELESS TRANSPORT LAYER SECURITY
 A security protocol based upon the industry-
standard Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol,
formerly known as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
WTLS is intended for use with the WAP transport
protocols and has been optimized for use over
narrow-band communication channels.
 WTLS provide features:
 Data integrity
 Privacy
 Authentication
 Denial-of-service protection

18. WIRELESS DATA PROTOCOL
 The Transport layer protocol in the WAP
architecture
 Provides a common interface to the Security,
Session, and Application layers
 Allows these upper layers to function
independently of the underlying wireless
network. This is the key to global interoperability