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Is there a God?
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A REASONABLE FAITH
Is there a God?
If so, what is He like?
Does He care about us?
The answer which we give to these questions
will determine our philosophy of life.
No man can pass over them
as if they were of no importance
It assumes Gods existence and states,
"The fool has said in his heart,
There is NO God." (Psalm 14:1.)
The Bible does not attempt
to prove the existence of God.
Two possible reasons may be given
for this lack of proof.
1) The idea of God was universal when the Bible
was written and hence such proof was not needed.
2) The evidence in the world around us
of the existence of God
is so strong that only a fool
would deny His existence and
the Bible was not written for fools.
This lack of scriptural proof strikes us
as unusual since the entire Bible
is based on the premise that there is a God.
However, in this age of skepticism
it has become necessary
to demonstrate that there is a God.
The atheist, who denies the existence of God,
will not accept the Bible as proof
so we must look to other evidence.
Let us consider a few reasons
for believing in a supreme being.
It is evident that man and the world about him exists.
Even the atheist cannot deny reality.
But how did things come to be?
Whatever you believe about anything there are
always underlying assumptions involved
in that belief. For example:-
Someone says to you I see you are going
to Peterborough by coach what time are you leaving
You reply 10 am – In your answer you ASSUME that
the coach will arrive on time, that there will not be a strike,
that there will be no floods or accidents to block the road
CAUSE AND EFFECT.
You would be quite right to even say
“I not only believe that will be the time
I KNOW I will be leaving at 10am!”
Therefore you make all your plans accordingly
Now the coach example may seem silly yet the principle
applies in almost everything we are involved in
so when we ask the big question where did the world come
from we make our conclusion based on certain assumptions
Human reason will allow only
TWO possible explanations.
Either, something has always existed, or
There was a time when absolutely nothing existed.
Since we cannot conceive of
SOMETHING coming out of NOTHING,
our minds refuse to accept the second possibility.
What we believe about HOW things BEGAN
effects every aspect of our lives and being,
WHERE did we come from HOW should we behave
WHERE are we going when we die?
To suppose that in the complete absence of power
and volition NOTHING became SOMETHING
seems too preposterous to be argued.
And even an Atheist will agree to that.
We ASSUME SOMETHING has ALWAYS existed
Has matter always existed? Is it ETERNAL
and has it been transformed
into its present state
by the process of organic evolution?
Or is that which is ETERNAL
a MIND, an INTELIGENCE which we call GOD,
Who brought all things into being
by His CREATIVE POWER?.
IN THE BEGINNING WHAT?
IN THE BEGINNING WHAT?
EITHER
MATTER OR INTELLIGENCE
Science says by ALL the known laws MATTER
has a BEGINNING and an END (Useful to useless)
First and second Law of Thermodynamics
THEREFORE MATTER CANNOT BE
THAT WHICH HAS ALWAYS EXISTED
IN THE BEGINNING WHAT?
EITHER
MATTER OR INTELLIGENCE
IF IN THE BEGINNING - THERE WAS
INTELLIGENCE IT SEEMS REASONABLE
THAT INTELLIGENCE CAN CREATE THINGS
YOU CANNOT GET BLOOD
OUT OF A STONE.
NO MATTER HOW MANY MILLION
YEARS YOU LEAVE IT LYING AROUND!
In the so-called “BIG BANG” or EXPLODING
UNIVERSE THEORY, unbelieving scientists
have come as close as they are likely to get,
to the concept that the UNIVERSE
of SPACE-TIME -MATTER-ENERGY-MOTION
was created out of nothing.
In the so-called “BIG BANG” or EXPLODING
UNIVERSE THEORY, unbelieving scientists
have come as close as they are likely to get,
to the concept that the UNIVERSE
of SPACE-TIME -MATTER-ENERGY-MOTION
was created out of nothing.
They BELIEVE that out of a COSMIC EGG
even SMALLER than the FULL STOP
at the end of this sentence .
The whole universe
came in to being at some point in time,
measured backward by the speed of starlight
to about 15 to 20 billion years ago.
The primal matter is supposed to have been
something that became hydrogen, possibly
with some helium from the beginning.
And from that HYDROGEN
(and a relatively small amount of helium)
ALL the GALAXIES with their STARS,
PLANETS, COMETS AND ASTEROIDS
were CREATED.
The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist
What many fail to understand about the
theory of evolution, spoken and written about
in such an authoritative manner by so many,
Is that it is NOT scientific fact but a religious
faith, a many and varied system
of belief about the origins of the universe,
This FAITH changes from year to year
on a regular basis,
as new ideas are proposed
and old ideas are rejected.
The Orion Nebula - Hubble
The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist
The Orion Nebula - Hubble
The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist
I would like to show you what
a “creed” of an evolutionist would look like
if they ever admitted to having one!.
An Evolutionist is anyone who believes
that the universe created itself
by random naturalistic means without the
input of an omnipotent intelligent designer.
“So you believe that evolution was the
process and mechanism responsible for
bringing us to where we are today and
that life’s genesis was the Big Bang?”
If you do subscribe to this belief,
then here is approximately
what you believe:-
“You believe that at time zero
all the potential for the 40 billion-plus
known galaxies was condensed into a
microscopic ball roughly the size of a
“You believe that where, why, how
and precisely what this undefined ball
of quantum-mechanically defying
anti-matter was, is irrelevant.”
“However, within this primordial incipient of
the cosmos, you believe that there existed
a false vacuum in which was neither hyper
compressed matter, nor super dense energy,
nor any recognizable substance.”
“You believe that through this super-
condensed ball of nothingness coursed
a weightless, undefined quantum-mechanical
probability framework through which
a scalar field would eventually come.
“You believe that at the sound of
the Big Bang, at the first tick,
of the time- space continuum,
this pinpoint of nothingness
with infinite potential,
In LESS than A MILLISECOND expanded
to 15 billion-plus light-years in at LEAST
four-dimensional time-space coordinates.”
“You believe that through this stellar process
space itself expanded outward in a
bewilderment of pure physics and chemistry”.
And that in this surreal light show were
unleashed such powerful distortions that,
for a sub-fraction of time, the primordial
anti-universe was curved to the nth degree.
This extreme curvature, you believe, caused
virtual particles to materialize from the
previously undefined quantum netherworld
in unfathomable quantities.
“You believe that, as these subatomic
virtual particles began to anneal
from the inexplicable proto-reality,
both antimatter and matter emerged
into a relativistic time-space continuum.
Simultaneously,
As existence and non-existence competed
for the same dimension of reality,
matter and antimatter began to collide
and annihilate themselves,
Vanishing into the surreal ethereal vortex
of the still expanding universe
as mysteriously as they came.
“You believe that the only reason our
universe is a reality today is because of the
infinitesimal asymmetry in the macroscopic
expansion of the time-space continuum
giving matter the slight advantage –
about 1 in a 100 million - over antimatter.
Then, before the time-space continuum
clock ticked its 2nd second,
amid thundering energies of paramount force,
a finite residue of tangible matter survived,
and from it, you believe,
the billions of galaxies
formed into the known cosmos.
University of California, Berkeley
The person who wrote
“The faith of an evolutionist”
Is Dr. Anstine who once believed in evolution,
His qualifications are as follows
He received his Bachelor’s degrees
in Chemistry and Biology
from Point Loma University in San Diego California
and his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry
from the University of Nevada.
Following the completion of his doctorate,
he accepted a post doctoral fellowship invitation
to conduct research in photochemistry
at the University of California, Berkeley.
Upon completion of his fellowship,
Dr. Anstine accepted a research position
with Elan Pharmaceuticals, where he rose to
Director of Medicinal Chemistry.
Dr. Anstine left the pharmaceutical
world to become a professor at a
liberal arts college in Nampa, Idaho.
Professor Anstine's current research interests
are in the areas of nano technology
and the synthesis of nano-scale
Photo controllable molecular switches
PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT FAITHS
a.THEIST- A person who believes in God and
possibly the full inspiration of the Bible,
Such a person could accept the Genesis account
as being both Literal and Historic.
b. ATHEIST - Name comes from the "Greek" meaning
"without God" Eph 2:12; the atheist does not
believe in the existence of God and would claim
that the creation account is a Jewish myth.
Most atheist's would claim
to accept some form of evolution.
c. AGNOSTIC :-Title comes from
the "Greek" meaning "without knowledge"
from Latin it would mean “ignoramus”
They would claim to be open minded on the issue
of the beginning of the universe
and the existence of God. They would admit
that there are things they do not know
d. THEISTIC EVOLUTIONIST :-
This is a person who believes
that God created the universe by means of the
evolutionary process and would claim that
Genesis chapter 1 and also possibly 2-11;
are not to be taken literally, but figuratively.
He generally attempts to reconcile the genesis
account of creation to the theory of evolution.
PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT FAITHS
e. CHRISTIAN :-
This is a person who believes that God
created the universe by means of His power
would also claim that Genesis chapter 1 and
2:1-11; are to be taken literally not figuratively
Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish
of the Institute for Creation Research
Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish
of the Institute for Creation Research
Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish
of the Institute for Creation Research
Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish
of the Institute for Creation Research
There are those who claim to be
theistic evolutionists.
That is, they believe that God
used natural properties
of matter and the process of evolution
to develop the complexity
of the living forms we see in our world today
I agree with Dr. Duane Gish
He said that theistic evolutionists
combine bad science with bad theology.
“the central tenet of modern biology that all
species, including humans, evolved from one simple
life form
“the central tenet of modern biology that all
species, including humans, evolved from one simple
life form
Everybody believes in some form
Of Evolution from Latin – “to unroll, unfold,
change” more common usage:
‘The Organic Theory of Evolution’
whether they are Atheists or Christians
Or Macroevolution
(the evolution of one species out of another
species, and thus from a one-celled plant
or animal to man through billions
of transitional intermediates)
The logical consequence of believing
macroevolution is atheism.
Macroevolution v. MicroevolutionMacroevolution v. Microevolution
Macroevolution v. MicroevolutionMacroevolution v. Microevolution
Microevolution is a proven fact of science.
We see it every day in the varieties of dogs
and the different kinds of bills on finches, etc.
Christians Do NOT believe in the
evolution of one species out of another species,
like a lion turning into an elephant
Rather they believe that for example
from a dog species
you can breed a variation as far a part
as a Jack Russell and a great Dane
Genesis 1:21 “God created great sea-monsters and
all the creatures that glide and teem in the waters
in their own species, and winged birds
in their own species. God saw that it was good.”
The theory of organic evolution supposes that there
is no God and that life came into being by
chance.
Hence, one cannot believe in organic evolution
and still consistently believe in God.However, it is axiomatic that for every effect
there must first be a cause.
The world itself is the effect. What is the cause?
Is it Matter-or is it Mind - God?
We know that inert matter can cause nothing
unless it is acted upon by some other agency.
A ball upon a level surface will not roll
unless something causes it to roll.
However, the nature of that which has
been caused is such that we may be certain
that the first cause is Mind, or God.
Romans 1:18-20 (NKJV)Romans 1:18-20 (NKJV)
[20] For since the creation of[20] For since the creation of
the world His invisiblethe world His invisible
attributes are clearly seen,attributes are clearly seen,
being understood by thebeing understood by the
things that are made,things that are made,
even His eternal power andeven His eternal power and
Godhead, so that they areGodhead, so that they are
without excuse,without excuse,
GalaxiesGalaxies come in all shapes and sizes.come in all shapes and sizes.
The largest Local galaxy isThe largest Local galaxy is M31,M31, the Andromedathe Andromeda
Galaxy, which is about 200,000 light years across,Galaxy, which is about 200,000 light years across,
a diameter twice that of our own Milky Way Galaxy.a diameter twice that of our own Milky Way Galaxy.
Far, far more massiveFar, far more massive than any memberthan any member
of the Local Cluster, though, isof the Local Cluster, though, is M87M87,,
a giant Elliptical Galaxy ata giant Elliptical Galaxy at
the heart of the Virgo Cluster.the heart of the Virgo Cluster.
Did the universe always exist?Did the universe always exist?
“The Cosmos is all
that is or ever was
or ever will be”
(Carl Sagan 1980,
Cosmos, p. 4).
(John D. Barrow, (2000),
The Book of Nothing:
Vacuums, Voids,
and the Latest Ideas about
the Origins of the Universe
p. 296, (NewYork: Pantheon).
““At first,At first, the absencethe absence
of a beginningof a beginning appearsappears
to be an advantageto be an advantage
to the scientific approach.to the scientific approach.
There are no awkwardThere are no awkward
starting conditionsstarting conditions
to deduce or explain.to deduce or explain.
But this is an illusion.But this is an illusion.
We still have to explainWe still have to explain
whywhy the Universe took onthe Universe took on
particular propertiesparticular properties
its rate of expansion,its rate of expansion,
density, and so forthdensity, and so forth atat
an infinite time in the past”an infinite time in the past”
Energy and Matter - Laws of Thermodynamics.
The field of thermodynamics studies the behaviour
of energy flow in natural systems. From this
study, a number of physical laws
have been established.
The laws of thermodynamics describe
some of the fundamental truths of
thermodynamics observed in our Universe.
Understanding these laws is important
to students of Physical Geography
because many of the processes
studied involve the flow of energy.
““TheThe 1st Law of Thermodynamics1st Law of Thermodynamics
1. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed
(conservation of energy).
2. Thus power generation processes and energy sources
actually involve conversion of energy from one form
to another, rather than creation of energy from nothing.
Einstein's famous equation - E = MC2 :–
energy (E) is equal to matter
(M) times the square of a constant (C).
The first law of thermodynamics is often
called the Law of Conservation of Energy.
This law suggests that energy can be transferred
from one system to another in many forms.
However, it cannot be created nor destroyed.
Thus, the total amount of energy available
in the Universe is constant.
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
1. Heat can never pass spontaneously
from a colder to a hotter body.
2. As a result of this fact, natural processes that
involve energy transfer must have one direction,
and all natural processes become irreversible.
3. Thus the entropy of an isolated system
always increases with time.
(Entropy is the measure of the disorder
or randomness of energy and matter in a system. :–
Both energy and matter in the Universe
are becoming less useful as time goes on).
Einstein suggested that energy and matter
are interchangeable. His equation also suggests that
the quantity of energy and matter in the Universe is fixed.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
The third law of thermodynamics states that
if all the thermal motion of molecules
(kinetic energy) could be removed,
a state called absolute zero would occur.
Absolute zero results in a temperature of 0 Kelvins or
-273.15° Celsius. Absolute Zero = 0 Kelvins = -273.15° Celsius
The Universe will attain absolute zero when all energy
and matter is randomly distributed across space.
The current temperature of empty space
in the Universe is about 2.7 Kelvins.”
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/6e.html
The Second Law of thermodynamics
is probably the most powerful piece
of legislation in the physical world.
It ultimately describes every process
we have ever discovered:
It is the final Court of Appeal in any dispute
relating to action and procedures, whether
they are naturally generated or man inspired.
It draws the conclusion that in our universe
there is an overall reduction in order,
a loss of available energy that is measured
as an increase in entropy.
So the available stock of order
is being exhausted.
This is like the dying battery of a flashlight,
useful energy is being dissipated into
entropy after which none remains for use…
For us to live in a universe in which the
Second Law of thermodynamics holds,
then, it must be a universe that
has a starting point, a creation.
– [Geisler, Unshakable Foundations,
Bethany House, 2001, pg. 74]
“The Cosmos is all
that is or ever was
or ever will be”
(Carl Sagan 1980,
Cosmos, p. 4).
“The Cosmos is all
that is or ever was
or ever will be”
(Carl Sagan 1980,
Cosmos, p. 4).
Did the universe always exist?Did the universe always exist?
If the universe had a beginning,If the universe had a beginning,
then it needs a first cause.then it needs a first cause.
Did the universe self-cause itself?Did the universe self-cause itself?
In order to self-cause itself it wouldIn order to self-cause itself it would
have to not exist (to cause existence)have to not exist (to cause existence)
and exist (in order to be caused)and exist (in order to be caused)
at the same time.at the same time.
Therefore, this option is ruled out
because it violates the
“Law of non-contradiction”.
The law of cause and effect states that every
material effect must have an adequate cause
that existed before the effect.
A healthy, rooted tree does not fall over
because a fly runs into it.
An Encyclopedia is not produced
by spilling ink onto a stack of paper.
These are not adequate causes.
For whatever effects we see,
we must present adequate causes.
“If the existence of the cosmos as a whole
needs to be explained, and if it
CANNOT be explained by natural causes,
Then we must look to the existence
and action of a supernatural cause
for its explanation”
Mortimer J. Adler, How to Think about God New York:
Macmillian, 1980) pg. 131
Genesis 1:1-3 (NKJV)Genesis 1:1-3 (NKJV)
In the beginning God createdIn the beginning God created
the heavens and the earth. [2]the heavens and the earth. [2]
The earth was without form,The earth was without form,
and void; and darkness was onand void; and darkness was on
the face of the deep. And thethe face of the deep. And the
Spirit of God was hovering overSpirit of God was hovering over
the face of the waters. [3] Thenthe face of the waters. [3] Then
God said, "Let there be light";God said, "Let there be light";
and there was light.and there was light.
Neh. 9:6 (NKJV)Neh. 9:6 (NKJV)
You alone are the Lord;You alone are the Lord;
You have made heaven, TheYou have made heaven, The
heaven of heavens, with allheaven of heavens, with all
their host, The earth andtheir host, The earth and
everything on it, The seas andeverything on it, The seas and
all that is in them, And Youall that is in them, And You
preserve them all. The host ofpreserve them all. The host of
heaven worships You.heaven worships You.
Psalm 19:1 (NKJV)
The heavens declare the glory of God;
And the firmament shows His handiwork.
Psalm 8:3 (NKJV)
When I consider Your heavens,
the work of Your hands, the moon
and the stars, which YOU have
ordained,Psalm 33:6-9 (NKJV)
By the word of the Lord the heavens
were made, And all the host of them
by the breath of His mouth. . . .
For He spoke, and it was done;
He commanded, and it stood fast.
Exodus 20:11 (NKJV)
For in six days the Lord made the heavens
and the earth, the sea, and all that is in
them, and rested the seventh day.
Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day
and hallowed it.
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Evolution as taught -
SOMETHING FROM NOTHING
and SIMPLE TO THE COMPLEX goes
against every known accepted scientific law.
The law of cause and effect states that
every material effect must have an
adequate cause that existed before the effect.
A WATCH?
Intelligent design, or “chance?”
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the
Evidence of Evolution Reveals a
Universe Without Design (1996)
by Richard Dawkins (Norton
Publishing).
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the
Evidence of Evolution Reveals a
Universe Without Design (1996)
by Richard Dawkins (Norton
Publishing).
””Even the most ardent atheistEven the most ardent atheist
concedes that design is all around us.concedes that design is all around us.
To a Christian, the design we see allTo a Christian, the design we see all
around us is totally consistentaround us is totally consistent
with the Bible’s explanationwith the Bible’s explanation
that God created all.that God created all.
‘‘All appearance to the contrary,All appearance to the contrary,
the only watchmaker in naturethe only watchmaker in nature
is the blind forces of physics,is the blind forces of physics,
albeit deployed in a very special way.albeit deployed in a very special way.
A true watchmaker has foresight:A true watchmaker has foresight:
he designs his cogs and springs,he designs his cogs and springs,
and plans their interconnections,and plans their interconnections,
with future purpose in his mind’s eye.with future purpose in his mind’s eye.
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the
Evidence of Evolution Reveals a
Universe Without Design (1996)
by Richard Dawkins (Norton
Publishing).
Natural selection, the blind,Natural selection, the blind,
unconscious, automatic processunconscious, automatic process
which Darwin discovered, and whichwhich Darwin discovered, and which
we now KNOW is the explanationwe now KNOW is the explanation
for the existence and apparentlyfor the existence and apparently
purposeful form of all life,purposeful form of all life,
has no purpose in mindhas no purpose in mind
It has no mindIt has no mind
It does not plan for the futureIt does not plan for the future
it is the blind watchmaker.’it is the blind watchmaker.’
The law of cause and effect states that
every material effect must have an adequate
cause that existed before the effect.
Mount Rushmore?
Intelligent design, or “chance?”
The Universe? Intelligent design, or “chance?”
587 Quadrillion Miles
587 Quadrillion Miles
The Milky Way Galaxy: Vital StatisticsThe Milky Way Galaxy: Vital Statistics
DiameterDiameter 100,000 light years100,000 light years
Thickness (Nucleus)Thickness (Nucleus) 20,000 light years20,000 light years
Thickness (Disc)Thickness (Disc) 2,000 light years2,000 light years
Number of StarsNumber of Stars 100,000,000,000100,000,000,000
EARTH = 60x60=3600
3,600 x 24 = 86,400 – (seconds in a day)
86,400 x 365 = 31,536,000 (seconds in a year)
186,000 x 31,536,000= 58,656,960,000,000
(# miles light travels in 1 year) –
58,656,960,000,000 x 100,000 =
58 trillion, 656, billion, 960, million miles
= ONE LIGHT YEAR
Right kind of galaxy :–
1 in 1 thousand in the universe!
Right kind of star :–
1 in 1 billion in acceptable galaxies!
Right kind of solar system :–
1 in 1 billion in acceptable stars!
Right kind of planet :–
1 in 10 billion in acceptable solar systems!
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
Our particular location in the universe
is quite special,
a matter of many features being just right.
In his 1995 edition, Hugh Ross, in The Creator & the Cosmos,
lists over 33 of these drawn from the scientific literature.
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
TEMPERATURE
Varies from place to place on Earth, but:-
Few above boiling / Some below freezing
Contrast Venus, about 900 oF (500 oC).
Contrast Mars, barely gets above freezing
in midsummer at the equator.
Earth is
warm enough for water to be liquid,
cool enough not to destroy bio molecules.
Our Special Planet:-
Water. Much water is needed to support
life, though a few organisms have
techniques to conserve it and can live in
arid regions.
Water on Venus and Mars is infinitesimal
by comparison. Earth’s water is also
concentrated at the surface.
Atmosphere
Balance of oxygen and “inert” gases:
Few % less oxygen and animals can’t
breathe.
Few % more oxygen and plants burn up
Mars and Venus have virtually
no free oxygen.
Mass
If Earth were ¼ as massive, atmospheric pressure would be
too low for life.
If Earth were twice as massive, atmospheric pressure would
be too high, producing a greenhouse effect and killing all
life.
Our Special Planet:-
The Right Moon: Size & Distance
Our Moon is unique in the Solar System, by far the largest
compared with its planet.
If it were smaller (or further away), Earth’s climate would be
unstable, tides too small for mixing.
If it were larger (or closer), tidal effects on Earth’s rotation,
ocean & atmosphere too large.
Our Special Planet:-
The Right Moon & Earth's Crust.
If Earth’s crust THICKER, it would eat
up the atmospheric oxygen.
If Earth’s crust THINNER, too much
volcanism and plate movement.
The Right Sun: Character
Mass in right range:
Heavier – luminosity changes too quickly.
Lighter – life zone too narrow,
tides too large.
Temperature (colour) in right range:
Redder – insufficient photosynthesis.
Bluer – ditto.
The Sun’s radiation is right where our
atmosphere is transparent.
Our Special Planet:-
The Right Sun: Location:-
Distance from center of galaxy:
Closer – gravity, radiation disruptive.
Further – too few heavy elements.
Right for supernovae:-
More or closer – exterminate life.
Less or further – too few heavy elements.
Right number of stars in system:-
namely one!
The Right type of Galaxy:-
Our galaxy is a spiral, which produces
stars over much of its history.
Not an elliptical, where star formation
ends before there are many heavy elements.
Not an irregular, where radiation events
would have destroyed life.
Our Special Planet:-
Temperature, Water, Atmosphere, Mass:-
Right Moon.
Size, Distance, Earth’s Crust:-
Right Sun.
Character, Location:-
Right Galaxy.
Ross calculates the probability of accidentally getting
his 33 items in the right range as 1 chance in 1053.
What does this mean for the chances
of finding an earth-like planet?
Surely not more than 10 planets per star.
If so, only 1024 planets in the Hubble volume.
Thus only 1 chance in 1029
of getting even one such planet in our universe!
Our place in the universe appears to be telling us something!
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
Tilt and Revolution
The Earth's axis is not oriented vertically,
but is tilted by 23.5 degrees.
The north end of the axis is always pointed toward
the North Star as the Earth revolves around the sun.
This tilt, combined with its revolutionThis tilt, combined with its revolution
around the sun, causes seasonal changes.around the sun, causes seasonal changes.
(When it’s summer in the northern hemisphere,(When it’s summer in the northern hemisphere,
it’s winter in the southern, and vice versa.)it’s winter in the southern, and vice versa.)
If the axis was not tilted, our year-round
climate would be rather boring and many
places on earth wouldn’t receive much light!
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
The Right Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
– varying 1/9th of an
inch every 18 miles . . .
The Earth orbits,
on average, 93 million
miles (149,600,000 km)
from the Sun,
taking one year
to complete an orbit.
The Earth revolves
around the Sun at a
speed of about 18.5
miles/sec (30 km/sec).
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
The Earth is spinning
around its axis.
At the equator, the
Earth's surface moves
40,000 kilometers in 24
hours. That is a speed
of about (1670 km/hr
or 0.5 km/sec)
Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
Right atmosphere
Right elements (water)
Right temperature
Right crust thickness
Right distance from
the sun, (93 mil. miles)
Right tilt, 23.5 degrees
Right size, surface,
& gravity
“With the best intentions,
but limited by natural laws
and materials,
it is unlikely that earth
could ever truly
be replicated.
Too many processes
in its formation involved
sheer luck.”
(Rare Earth, Why Complex Life
is Uncommon In the Universe,
2000, pg 37)
See the video – “The Watchmaker”
SUPREME INTELLIGENCE. (Heb. 3:4.)
"For every house is built by some man;
but He that built all things is God."
When we see a newspaper,
we know that there was a printer.
When we see a house,
we know there was an architect.
When we see a painting,
we know that there was an artist.
We draw these conclusions because
we know that wherever there is a
design there must have been a
designer.
We cannot conceive, for example,
of a watch "just happening",
with its hundreds of parts
working together in perfect precision.
There had to be a maker..
For exactly the same reason we know that there is
a God. That which has been caused in the universe
bears unmistakable evidence of intelligence or Mind.
When we see the heavenly bodies move with
such precision that astronomers can
predict hundreds of years in advance
where a given celestial
body will be at a given time,
we can know that
there has to be a
supreme intelligence.
When we consider how the balance in nature between the
plant and animal worlds is sustained from one generation to
another, we know that there is a God because mere chance
cannot offer an explanation. Or when we think of the
miraculous reproductive systems found in every form of life,
we can know that there first had to be a supreme designer.
The inductive evidence that God
is in the world would be no stronger than it is.
When the human intellect thinks in terms
of finality with the world as its premise,
the `therefore' of every
syllogism will be `God'.
The universe is a big advertising poster
spelling `God'."
Someone has written,
"If the word `God' were written
upon every blowing leaf,
embossed on every passing cloud,
engraved on every granite rock,
“Made the world and everything in it…”
“is Lord of heaven and earth”
“Does not dwell in temples made with hands”
“is Not worshiped with men’s hands…”
“In Him we live and move
and have our very being.”
“Spirit – Divine Nature” Acts 17:22-24;
“Made from one blood every nation of men”
“Determined man’s times and the
boundaries”
“He is not far from each of us”
Acts 17:30-31 (NKJV)Acts 17:30-31 (NKJV)
Truly, theseTruly, these times of ignorancetimes of ignorance
God overlooked,God overlooked, but nowbut now
commands all men everywhere to repentcommands all men everywhere to repent,,
He has given assurance of this to all
by raising Him from the dead."
becausebecause He has appointed a day on whichHe has appointed a day on which
He will judge the worldHe will judge the world in righteousnessin righteousness
by the Man whom He has ordainedby the Man whom He has ordained
10/06/15 96
We need to BELIEVE In Jesus
Rom 6:3-4;
To have that hope of eternal life:
We need to DIE with Jesus
Be BURIED with
Him in Baptism
If WE are
UNITED with Him
We will be
RAISED like Him
Prepared by
Graeme Morrison
graemestudy@gmail.com
www.graemebibleresources.com
IS THERE A GOD
1 of 4
A REASONABLE FAITH

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01a 0 is_there_god

  • 1. Is there a God? 1 of 4 A REASONABLE FAITH
  • 2. Is there a God? If so, what is He like? Does He care about us? The answer which we give to these questions will determine our philosophy of life. No man can pass over them as if they were of no importance It assumes Gods existence and states, "The fool has said in his heart, There is NO God." (Psalm 14:1.) The Bible does not attempt to prove the existence of God.
  • 3. Two possible reasons may be given for this lack of proof. 1) The idea of God was universal when the Bible was written and hence such proof was not needed. 2) The evidence in the world around us of the existence of God is so strong that only a fool would deny His existence and the Bible was not written for fools. This lack of scriptural proof strikes us as unusual since the entire Bible is based on the premise that there is a God.
  • 4. However, in this age of skepticism it has become necessary to demonstrate that there is a God. The atheist, who denies the existence of God, will not accept the Bible as proof so we must look to other evidence. Let us consider a few reasons for believing in a supreme being.
  • 5. It is evident that man and the world about him exists. Even the atheist cannot deny reality. But how did things come to be? Whatever you believe about anything there are always underlying assumptions involved in that belief. For example:- Someone says to you I see you are going to Peterborough by coach what time are you leaving You reply 10 am – In your answer you ASSUME that the coach will arrive on time, that there will not be a strike, that there will be no floods or accidents to block the road CAUSE AND EFFECT. You would be quite right to even say “I not only believe that will be the time I KNOW I will be leaving at 10am!” Therefore you make all your plans accordingly
  • 6. Now the coach example may seem silly yet the principle applies in almost everything we are involved in so when we ask the big question where did the world come from we make our conclusion based on certain assumptions Human reason will allow only TWO possible explanations. Either, something has always existed, or There was a time when absolutely nothing existed. Since we cannot conceive of SOMETHING coming out of NOTHING, our minds refuse to accept the second possibility. What we believe about HOW things BEGAN effects every aspect of our lives and being, WHERE did we come from HOW should we behave WHERE are we going when we die?
  • 7. To suppose that in the complete absence of power and volition NOTHING became SOMETHING seems too preposterous to be argued. And even an Atheist will agree to that. We ASSUME SOMETHING has ALWAYS existed Has matter always existed? Is it ETERNAL and has it been transformed into its present state by the process of organic evolution? Or is that which is ETERNAL a MIND, an INTELIGENCE which we call GOD, Who brought all things into being by His CREATIVE POWER?.
  • 9. IN THE BEGINNING WHAT? EITHER MATTER OR INTELLIGENCE Science says by ALL the known laws MATTER has a BEGINNING and an END (Useful to useless) First and second Law of Thermodynamics THEREFORE MATTER CANNOT BE THAT WHICH HAS ALWAYS EXISTED
  • 10. IN THE BEGINNING WHAT? EITHER MATTER OR INTELLIGENCE IF IN THE BEGINNING - THERE WAS INTELLIGENCE IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT INTELLIGENCE CAN CREATE THINGS YOU CANNOT GET BLOOD OUT OF A STONE. NO MATTER HOW MANY MILLION YEARS YOU LEAVE IT LYING AROUND!
  • 11.
  • 12. In the so-called “BIG BANG” or EXPLODING UNIVERSE THEORY, unbelieving scientists have come as close as they are likely to get, to the concept that the UNIVERSE of SPACE-TIME -MATTER-ENERGY-MOTION was created out of nothing. In the so-called “BIG BANG” or EXPLODING UNIVERSE THEORY, unbelieving scientists have come as close as they are likely to get, to the concept that the UNIVERSE of SPACE-TIME -MATTER-ENERGY-MOTION was created out of nothing. They BELIEVE that out of a COSMIC EGG even SMALLER than the FULL STOP at the end of this sentence .
  • 13. The whole universe came in to being at some point in time, measured backward by the speed of starlight to about 15 to 20 billion years ago. The primal matter is supposed to have been something that became hydrogen, possibly with some helium from the beginning. And from that HYDROGEN (and a relatively small amount of helium) ALL the GALAXIES with their STARS, PLANETS, COMETS AND ASTEROIDS were CREATED.
  • 14.
  • 15. The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist What many fail to understand about the theory of evolution, spoken and written about in such an authoritative manner by so many, Is that it is NOT scientific fact but a religious faith, a many and varied system of belief about the origins of the universe, This FAITH changes from year to year on a regular basis, as new ideas are proposed and old ideas are rejected.
  • 16. The Orion Nebula - Hubble The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist
  • 17. The Orion Nebula - Hubble The Faith of an EvolutionistThe Faith of an Evolutionist I would like to show you what a “creed” of an evolutionist would look like if they ever admitted to having one!. An Evolutionist is anyone who believes that the universe created itself by random naturalistic means without the input of an omnipotent intelligent designer.
  • 18.
  • 19. “So you believe that evolution was the process and mechanism responsible for bringing us to where we are today and that life’s genesis was the Big Bang?” If you do subscribe to this belief, then here is approximately what you believe:- “You believe that at time zero all the potential for the 40 billion-plus known galaxies was condensed into a microscopic ball roughly the size of a
  • 20. “You believe that where, why, how and precisely what this undefined ball of quantum-mechanically defying anti-matter was, is irrelevant.” “However, within this primordial incipient of the cosmos, you believe that there existed a false vacuum in which was neither hyper compressed matter, nor super dense energy, nor any recognizable substance.”
  • 21. “You believe that through this super- condensed ball of nothingness coursed a weightless, undefined quantum-mechanical probability framework through which a scalar field would eventually come.
  • 22. “You believe that at the sound of the Big Bang, at the first tick, of the time- space continuum, this pinpoint of nothingness with infinite potential, In LESS than A MILLISECOND expanded to 15 billion-plus light-years in at LEAST four-dimensional time-space coordinates.”
  • 23. “You believe that through this stellar process space itself expanded outward in a bewilderment of pure physics and chemistry”.
  • 24. And that in this surreal light show were unleashed such powerful distortions that, for a sub-fraction of time, the primordial anti-universe was curved to the nth degree. This extreme curvature, you believe, caused virtual particles to materialize from the previously undefined quantum netherworld in unfathomable quantities.
  • 25. “You believe that, as these subatomic virtual particles began to anneal from the inexplicable proto-reality,
  • 26. both antimatter and matter emerged into a relativistic time-space continuum. Simultaneously, As existence and non-existence competed for the same dimension of reality, matter and antimatter began to collide and annihilate themselves, Vanishing into the surreal ethereal vortex of the still expanding universe as mysteriously as they came.
  • 27.
  • 28. “You believe that the only reason our universe is a reality today is because of the infinitesimal asymmetry in the macroscopic expansion of the time-space continuum giving matter the slight advantage – about 1 in a 100 million - over antimatter. Then, before the time-space continuum clock ticked its 2nd second, amid thundering energies of paramount force, a finite residue of tangible matter survived, and from it, you believe, the billions of galaxies formed into the known cosmos.
  • 29. University of California, Berkeley The person who wrote “The faith of an evolutionist” Is Dr. Anstine who once believed in evolution, His qualifications are as follows He received his Bachelor’s degrees in Chemistry and Biology from Point Loma University in San Diego California and his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from the University of Nevada. Following the completion of his doctorate, he accepted a post doctoral fellowship invitation to conduct research in photochemistry at the University of California, Berkeley.
  • 30. Upon completion of his fellowship, Dr. Anstine accepted a research position with Elan Pharmaceuticals, where he rose to Director of Medicinal Chemistry. Dr. Anstine left the pharmaceutical world to become a professor at a liberal arts college in Nampa, Idaho. Professor Anstine's current research interests are in the areas of nano technology and the synthesis of nano-scale Photo controllable molecular switches
  • 31. PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT FAITHS a.THEIST- A person who believes in God and possibly the full inspiration of the Bible, Such a person could accept the Genesis account as being both Literal and Historic. b. ATHEIST - Name comes from the "Greek" meaning "without God" Eph 2:12; the atheist does not believe in the existence of God and would claim that the creation account is a Jewish myth. Most atheist's would claim to accept some form of evolution.
  • 32. c. AGNOSTIC :-Title comes from the "Greek" meaning "without knowledge" from Latin it would mean “ignoramus” They would claim to be open minded on the issue of the beginning of the universe and the existence of God. They would admit that there are things they do not know d. THEISTIC EVOLUTIONIST :- This is a person who believes that God created the universe by means of the evolutionary process and would claim that Genesis chapter 1 and also possibly 2-11; are not to be taken literally, but figuratively. He generally attempts to reconcile the genesis account of creation to the theory of evolution.
  • 33. PEOPLE HAVE DIFFERENT FAITHS e. CHRISTIAN :- This is a person who believes that God created the universe by means of His power would also claim that Genesis chapter 1 and 2:1-11; are to be taken literally not figuratively
  • 34.
  • 35. Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish of the Institute for Creation Research Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish of the Institute for Creation Research
  • 36. Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish of the Institute for Creation Research Dr. and Mrs. Duane Gish of the Institute for Creation Research There are those who claim to be theistic evolutionists. That is, they believe that God used natural properties of matter and the process of evolution to develop the complexity of the living forms we see in our world today I agree with Dr. Duane Gish He said that theistic evolutionists combine bad science with bad theology.
  • 37. “the central tenet of modern biology that all species, including humans, evolved from one simple life form
  • 38. “the central tenet of modern biology that all species, including humans, evolved from one simple life form Everybody believes in some form Of Evolution from Latin – “to unroll, unfold, change” more common usage: ‘The Organic Theory of Evolution’ whether they are Atheists or Christians Or Macroevolution (the evolution of one species out of another species, and thus from a one-celled plant or animal to man through billions of transitional intermediates) The logical consequence of believing macroevolution is atheism.
  • 40. Macroevolution v. MicroevolutionMacroevolution v. Microevolution Microevolution is a proven fact of science. We see it every day in the varieties of dogs and the different kinds of bills on finches, etc. Christians Do NOT believe in the evolution of one species out of another species, like a lion turning into an elephant Rather they believe that for example from a dog species you can breed a variation as far a part as a Jack Russell and a great Dane Genesis 1:21 “God created great sea-monsters and all the creatures that glide and teem in the waters in their own species, and winged birds in their own species. God saw that it was good.”
  • 41. The theory of organic evolution supposes that there is no God and that life came into being by chance. Hence, one cannot believe in organic evolution and still consistently believe in God.However, it is axiomatic that for every effect there must first be a cause. The world itself is the effect. What is the cause? Is it Matter-or is it Mind - God? We know that inert matter can cause nothing unless it is acted upon by some other agency. A ball upon a level surface will not roll unless something causes it to roll. However, the nature of that which has been caused is such that we may be certain that the first cause is Mind, or God.
  • 42. Romans 1:18-20 (NKJV)Romans 1:18-20 (NKJV) [20] For since the creation of[20] For since the creation of the world His invisiblethe world His invisible attributes are clearly seen,attributes are clearly seen, being understood by thebeing understood by the things that are made,things that are made, even His eternal power andeven His eternal power and Godhead, so that they areGodhead, so that they are without excuse,without excuse,
  • 43.
  • 44. GalaxiesGalaxies come in all shapes and sizes.come in all shapes and sizes. The largest Local galaxy isThe largest Local galaxy is M31,M31, the Andromedathe Andromeda Galaxy, which is about 200,000 light years across,Galaxy, which is about 200,000 light years across, a diameter twice that of our own Milky Way Galaxy.a diameter twice that of our own Milky Way Galaxy. Far, far more massiveFar, far more massive than any memberthan any member of the Local Cluster, though, isof the Local Cluster, though, is M87M87,, a giant Elliptical Galaxy ata giant Elliptical Galaxy at the heart of the Virgo Cluster.the heart of the Virgo Cluster.
  • 45. Did the universe always exist?Did the universe always exist? “The Cosmos is all that is or ever was or ever will be” (Carl Sagan 1980, Cosmos, p. 4).
  • 46. (John D. Barrow, (2000), The Book of Nothing: Vacuums, Voids, and the Latest Ideas about the Origins of the Universe p. 296, (NewYork: Pantheon). ““At first,At first, the absencethe absence of a beginningof a beginning appearsappears to be an advantageto be an advantage to the scientific approach.to the scientific approach. There are no awkwardThere are no awkward starting conditionsstarting conditions to deduce or explain.to deduce or explain. But this is an illusion.But this is an illusion. We still have to explainWe still have to explain whywhy the Universe took onthe Universe took on particular propertiesparticular properties its rate of expansion,its rate of expansion, density, and so forthdensity, and so forth atat an infinite time in the past”an infinite time in the past”
  • 47.
  • 48. Energy and Matter - Laws of Thermodynamics. The field of thermodynamics studies the behaviour of energy flow in natural systems. From this study, a number of physical laws have been established. The laws of thermodynamics describe some of the fundamental truths of thermodynamics observed in our Universe. Understanding these laws is important to students of Physical Geography because many of the processes studied involve the flow of energy.
  • 49. ““TheThe 1st Law of Thermodynamics1st Law of Thermodynamics 1. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed (conservation of energy). 2. Thus power generation processes and energy sources actually involve conversion of energy from one form to another, rather than creation of energy from nothing. Einstein's famous equation - E = MC2 :– energy (E) is equal to matter (M) times the square of a constant (C). The first law of thermodynamics is often called the Law of Conservation of Energy. This law suggests that energy can be transferred from one system to another in many forms. However, it cannot be created nor destroyed. Thus, the total amount of energy available in the Universe is constant.
  • 50. The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 1. Heat can never pass spontaneously from a colder to a hotter body. 2. As a result of this fact, natural processes that involve energy transfer must have one direction, and all natural processes become irreversible. 3. Thus the entropy of an isolated system always increases with time. (Entropy is the measure of the disorder or randomness of energy and matter in a system. :– Both energy and matter in the Universe are becoming less useful as time goes on). Einstein suggested that energy and matter are interchangeable. His equation also suggests that the quantity of energy and matter in the Universe is fixed.
  • 51. Third Law of Thermodynamics The third law of thermodynamics states that if all the thermal motion of molecules (kinetic energy) could be removed, a state called absolute zero would occur. Absolute zero results in a temperature of 0 Kelvins or -273.15° Celsius. Absolute Zero = 0 Kelvins = -273.15° Celsius The Universe will attain absolute zero when all energy and matter is randomly distributed across space. The current temperature of empty space in the Universe is about 2.7 Kelvins.” http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/6e.html
  • 52. The Second Law of thermodynamics is probably the most powerful piece of legislation in the physical world. It ultimately describes every process we have ever discovered: It is the final Court of Appeal in any dispute relating to action and procedures, whether they are naturally generated or man inspired. It draws the conclusion that in our universe there is an overall reduction in order, a loss of available energy that is measured as an increase in entropy.
  • 53. So the available stock of order is being exhausted. This is like the dying battery of a flashlight, useful energy is being dissipated into entropy after which none remains for use… For us to live in a universe in which the Second Law of thermodynamics holds, then, it must be a universe that has a starting point, a creation. – [Geisler, Unshakable Foundations, Bethany House, 2001, pg. 74]
  • 54. “The Cosmos is all that is or ever was or ever will be” (Carl Sagan 1980, Cosmos, p. 4). “The Cosmos is all that is or ever was or ever will be” (Carl Sagan 1980, Cosmos, p. 4). Did the universe always exist?Did the universe always exist? If the universe had a beginning,If the universe had a beginning, then it needs a first cause.then it needs a first cause. Did the universe self-cause itself?Did the universe self-cause itself? In order to self-cause itself it wouldIn order to self-cause itself it would have to not exist (to cause existence)have to not exist (to cause existence) and exist (in order to be caused)and exist (in order to be caused) at the same time.at the same time. Therefore, this option is ruled out because it violates the “Law of non-contradiction”.
  • 55.
  • 56. The law of cause and effect states that every material effect must have an adequate cause that existed before the effect. A healthy, rooted tree does not fall over because a fly runs into it. An Encyclopedia is not produced by spilling ink onto a stack of paper. These are not adequate causes. For whatever effects we see, we must present adequate causes.
  • 57. “If the existence of the cosmos as a whole needs to be explained, and if it CANNOT be explained by natural causes, Then we must look to the existence and action of a supernatural cause for its explanation” Mortimer J. Adler, How to Think about God New York: Macmillian, 1980) pg. 131
  • 58.
  • 59. Genesis 1:1-3 (NKJV)Genesis 1:1-3 (NKJV) In the beginning God createdIn the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. [2]the heavens and the earth. [2] The earth was without form,The earth was without form, and void; and darkness was onand void; and darkness was on the face of the deep. And thethe face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering overSpirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. [3] Thenthe face of the waters. [3] Then God said, "Let there be light";God said, "Let there be light"; and there was light.and there was light.
  • 60. Neh. 9:6 (NKJV)Neh. 9:6 (NKJV) You alone are the Lord;You alone are the Lord; You have made heaven, TheYou have made heaven, The heaven of heavens, with allheaven of heavens, with all their host, The earth andtheir host, The earth and everything on it, The seas andeverything on it, The seas and all that is in them, And Youall that is in them, And You preserve them all. The host ofpreserve them all. The host of heaven worships You.heaven worships You.
  • 61. Psalm 19:1 (NKJV) The heavens declare the glory of God; And the firmament shows His handiwork. Psalm 8:3 (NKJV) When I consider Your heavens, the work of Your hands, the moon and the stars, which YOU have ordained,Psalm 33:6-9 (NKJV) By the word of the Lord the heavens were made, And all the host of them by the breath of His mouth. . . . For He spoke, and it was done; He commanded, and it stood fast.
  • 62. Exodus 20:11 (NKJV) For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66. 10/06/15 66 Evolution as taught - SOMETHING FROM NOTHING and SIMPLE TO THE COMPLEX goes against every known accepted scientific law.
  • 67. The law of cause and effect states that every material effect must have an adequate cause that existed before the effect. A WATCH? Intelligent design, or “chance?”
  • 68. The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design (1996) by Richard Dawkins (Norton Publishing).
  • 69. The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design (1996) by Richard Dawkins (Norton Publishing). ””Even the most ardent atheistEven the most ardent atheist concedes that design is all around us.concedes that design is all around us. To a Christian, the design we see allTo a Christian, the design we see all around us is totally consistentaround us is totally consistent with the Bible’s explanationwith the Bible’s explanation that God created all.that God created all. ‘‘All appearance to the contrary,All appearance to the contrary, the only watchmaker in naturethe only watchmaker in nature is the blind forces of physics,is the blind forces of physics, albeit deployed in a very special way.albeit deployed in a very special way. A true watchmaker has foresight:A true watchmaker has foresight: he designs his cogs and springs,he designs his cogs and springs, and plans their interconnections,and plans their interconnections, with future purpose in his mind’s eye.with future purpose in his mind’s eye.
  • 70. The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design (1996) by Richard Dawkins (Norton Publishing). Natural selection, the blind,Natural selection, the blind, unconscious, automatic processunconscious, automatic process which Darwin discovered, and whichwhich Darwin discovered, and which we now KNOW is the explanationwe now KNOW is the explanation for the existence and apparentlyfor the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life,purposeful form of all life, has no purpose in mindhas no purpose in mind It has no mindIt has no mind It does not plan for the futureIt does not plan for the future it is the blind watchmaker.’it is the blind watchmaker.’
  • 71. The law of cause and effect states that every material effect must have an adequate cause that existed before the effect. Mount Rushmore? Intelligent design, or “chance?”
  • 72. The Universe? Intelligent design, or “chance?”
  • 74. 587 Quadrillion Miles The Milky Way Galaxy: Vital StatisticsThe Milky Way Galaxy: Vital Statistics DiameterDiameter 100,000 light years100,000 light years Thickness (Nucleus)Thickness (Nucleus) 20,000 light years20,000 light years Thickness (Disc)Thickness (Disc) 2,000 light years2,000 light years Number of StarsNumber of Stars 100,000,000,000100,000,000,000 EARTH = 60x60=3600 3,600 x 24 = 86,400 – (seconds in a day) 86,400 x 365 = 31,536,000 (seconds in a year) 186,000 x 31,536,000= 58,656,960,000,000 (# miles light travels in 1 year) – 58,656,960,000,000 x 100,000 = 58 trillion, 656, billion, 960, million miles = ONE LIGHT YEAR
  • 75. Right kind of galaxy :– 1 in 1 thousand in the universe! Right kind of star :– 1 in 1 billion in acceptable galaxies! Right kind of solar system :– 1 in 1 billion in acceptable stars! Right kind of planet :– 1 in 10 billion in acceptable solar systems! Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
  • 76. Our particular location in the universe is quite special, a matter of many features being just right. In his 1995 edition, Hugh Ross, in The Creator & the Cosmos, lists over 33 of these drawn from the scientific literature. Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
  • 77. TEMPERATURE Varies from place to place on Earth, but:- Few above boiling / Some below freezing Contrast Venus, about 900 oF (500 oC). Contrast Mars, barely gets above freezing in midsummer at the equator. Earth is warm enough for water to be liquid, cool enough not to destroy bio molecules. Our Special Planet:- Water. Much water is needed to support life, though a few organisms have techniques to conserve it and can live in arid regions. Water on Venus and Mars is infinitesimal by comparison. Earth’s water is also concentrated at the surface.
  • 78. Atmosphere Balance of oxygen and “inert” gases: Few % less oxygen and animals can’t breathe. Few % more oxygen and plants burn up Mars and Venus have virtually no free oxygen. Mass If Earth were ¼ as massive, atmospheric pressure would be too low for life. If Earth were twice as massive, atmospheric pressure would be too high, producing a greenhouse effect and killing all life. Our Special Planet:-
  • 79. The Right Moon: Size & Distance Our Moon is unique in the Solar System, by far the largest compared with its planet. If it were smaller (or further away), Earth’s climate would be unstable, tides too small for mixing. If it were larger (or closer), tidal effects on Earth’s rotation, ocean & atmosphere too large. Our Special Planet:-
  • 80. The Right Moon & Earth's Crust. If Earth’s crust THICKER, it would eat up the atmospheric oxygen. If Earth’s crust THINNER, too much volcanism and plate movement. The Right Sun: Character Mass in right range: Heavier – luminosity changes too quickly. Lighter – life zone too narrow, tides too large. Temperature (colour) in right range: Redder – insufficient photosynthesis. Bluer – ditto. The Sun’s radiation is right where our atmosphere is transparent. Our Special Planet:-
  • 81. The Right Sun: Location:- Distance from center of galaxy: Closer – gravity, radiation disruptive. Further – too few heavy elements. Right for supernovae:- More or closer – exterminate life. Less or further – too few heavy elements. Right number of stars in system:- namely one! The Right type of Galaxy:- Our galaxy is a spiral, which produces stars over much of its history. Not an elliptical, where star formation ends before there are many heavy elements. Not an irregular, where radiation events would have destroyed life. Our Special Planet:-
  • 82. Temperature, Water, Atmosphere, Mass:- Right Moon. Size, Distance, Earth’s Crust:- Right Sun. Character, Location:- Right Galaxy. Ross calculates the probability of accidentally getting his 33 items in the right range as 1 chance in 1053. What does this mean for the chances of finding an earth-like planet? Surely not more than 10 planets per star. If so, only 1024 planets in the Hubble volume. Thus only 1 chance in 1029 of getting even one such planet in our universe! Our place in the universe appears to be telling us something! Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
  • 83. Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
  • 84. Tilt and Revolution The Earth's axis is not oriented vertically, but is tilted by 23.5 degrees. The north end of the axis is always pointed toward the North Star as the Earth revolves around the sun. This tilt, combined with its revolutionThis tilt, combined with its revolution around the sun, causes seasonal changes.around the sun, causes seasonal changes. (When it’s summer in the northern hemisphere,(When it’s summer in the northern hemisphere, it’s winter in the southern, and vice versa.)it’s winter in the southern, and vice versa.) If the axis was not tilted, our year-round climate would be rather boring and many places on earth wouldn’t receive much light! Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe
  • 85. The Right Planet:- Our Place in the Universe – varying 1/9th of an inch every 18 miles . . . The Earth orbits, on average, 93 million miles (149,600,000 km) from the Sun, taking one year to complete an orbit. The Earth revolves around the Sun at a speed of about 18.5 miles/sec (30 km/sec).
  • 86. Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe The Earth is spinning around its axis. At the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 hours. That is a speed of about (1670 km/hr or 0.5 km/sec)
  • 87. Our Special Planet:- Our Place in the Universe Right atmosphere Right elements (water) Right temperature Right crust thickness Right distance from the sun, (93 mil. miles) Right tilt, 23.5 degrees Right size, surface, & gravity
  • 88. “With the best intentions, but limited by natural laws and materials, it is unlikely that earth could ever truly be replicated. Too many processes in its formation involved sheer luck.” (Rare Earth, Why Complex Life is Uncommon In the Universe, 2000, pg 37)
  • 89. See the video – “The Watchmaker” SUPREME INTELLIGENCE. (Heb. 3:4.) "For every house is built by some man; but He that built all things is God." When we see a newspaper, we know that there was a printer. When we see a house, we know there was an architect. When we see a painting, we know that there was an artist.
  • 90. We draw these conclusions because we know that wherever there is a design there must have been a designer. We cannot conceive, for example, of a watch "just happening", with its hundreds of parts working together in perfect precision. There had to be a maker..
  • 91. For exactly the same reason we know that there is a God. That which has been caused in the universe bears unmistakable evidence of intelligence or Mind. When we see the heavenly bodies move with such precision that astronomers can predict hundreds of years in advance where a given celestial body will be at a given time, we can know that there has to be a supreme intelligence. When we consider how the balance in nature between the plant and animal worlds is sustained from one generation to another, we know that there is a God because mere chance cannot offer an explanation. Or when we think of the miraculous reproductive systems found in every form of life, we can know that there first had to be a supreme designer.
  • 92.
  • 93. The inductive evidence that God is in the world would be no stronger than it is. When the human intellect thinks in terms of finality with the world as its premise, the `therefore' of every syllogism will be `God'. The universe is a big advertising poster spelling `God'." Someone has written, "If the word `God' were written upon every blowing leaf, embossed on every passing cloud, engraved on every granite rock,
  • 94. “Made the world and everything in it…” “is Lord of heaven and earth” “Does not dwell in temples made with hands” “is Not worshiped with men’s hands…” “In Him we live and move and have our very being.” “Spirit – Divine Nature” Acts 17:22-24; “Made from one blood every nation of men” “Determined man’s times and the boundaries” “He is not far from each of us”
  • 95. Acts 17:30-31 (NKJV)Acts 17:30-31 (NKJV) Truly, theseTruly, these times of ignorancetimes of ignorance God overlooked,God overlooked, but nowbut now commands all men everywhere to repentcommands all men everywhere to repent,, He has given assurance of this to all by raising Him from the dead." becausebecause He has appointed a day on whichHe has appointed a day on which He will judge the worldHe will judge the world in righteousnessin righteousness by the Man whom He has ordainedby the Man whom He has ordained
  • 96. 10/06/15 96 We need to BELIEVE In Jesus Rom 6:3-4; To have that hope of eternal life: We need to DIE with Jesus Be BURIED with Him in Baptism If WE are UNITED with Him We will be RAISED like Him

Notas del editor

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  8. Explosions Cause Disorder – NOT ORDER!!!
  9. Mount Rushmore
  10. Donald Brownlee Scientist, University of Washington