.NET Overview

.NET Overview.NET Overview
Presented byPresented by
Greg SohlGreg Sohl

AgendaAgenda
.NET from 20,000 feet.NET from 20,000 feet
Major .NET PiecesMajor .NET Pieces
Programming in .NETProgramming in .NET
The Common Language Runtime (CLR)The Common Language Runtime (CLR)
The Framework Class LibraryThe Framework Class Library
Managed code, Unmanaged code and InteroperabilityManaged code, Unmanaged code and Interoperability
ASP.NETASP.NET
ToolsTools
Sample ApplicationsSample Applications

What to ExpectWhat to Expect
Gain a general understanding of what .NETGain a general understanding of what .NET
is, does and the facilities it provides.is, does and the facilities it provides.

.NET from 20,000 Feet.NET from 20,000 Feet
HistoryHistory

Application styles and expectationsApplication styles and expectations

API SetsAPI Sets

Java / J2EEJava / J2EE

.NET from 20,000 Feet.NET from 20,000 Feet
What it isWhat it is

It’s a Software Development SystemIt’s a Software Development System

It’s a Runtime SystemIt’s a Runtime System
Addresses Major Software IssuesAddresses Major Software Issues

DLL HellDLL Hell

Installation ComplexityInstallation Complexity

Software Security – Safety of using softwareSoftware Security – Safety of using software
It’s all new, right?It’s all new, right?

.NET Framework.NET Framework

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime

.NET Framework Class Library.NET Framework Class Library
LanguagesLanguages
HostsHosts
.NET Servers.NET Servers
Tools – Visual Studio.NETTools – Visual Studio.NET

Hosts
Framework Class LibraryFramework Class Library
VBVB C++C++ C#C#
VisualVisual
Studio.NETStudio.NET
JScriptJScript ……
.NETEnterprise.NETEnterprise
ServersServers
IEIE ShellShell IIS / ASP.NETIIS / ASP.NET

Comparing EnvironmentsComparing Environments
The J2EE/.NET Pet Shop ComparisonThe J2EE/.NET Pet Shop Comparison

Language neutral designLanguage neutral design
Supported by many languagesSupported by many languages

C#, VB.NET, C++C#, VB.NET, C++

JScript.NETJScript.NET

Visual J++Visual J++

Delphi (Pascal)Delphi (Pascal)

COBOL, Perl, Eiffel, Python,COBOL, Perl, Eiffel, Python,
Smalltalk,Smalltalk,

Common Type SystemCommon Type System

Defines how types are declared,Defines how types are declared,
used, and managed in the runtimeused, and managed in the runtime

Defines .NETs OO ModelDefines .NETs OO Model
All Types inherit from System.ObjectAll Types inherit from System.Object

Provides a common set of TypesProvides a common set of Types
that “can be” implemented bythat “can be” implemented by
programming languagesprogramming languages

Anatomy of a type
Type definitions are composed of zero or more
member declarations that make the type useful

Fields have storage and hold values of a given
type

Methods have signatures and code and represent
operations

Constructors are special methods invoked at init-
time

Properties and events are hints about method
semantics

Nested types provide implementation support for
their surrounding type

Access to members can be restricted to intra-
type or intraassembly for encapsulation

Common Type SystemCommon Type System

The Common
Language
Specification (CLS)
subsets the
universally supported
types

Assemblies and the .NET Framework

The Common Language Runtime requires all
types to belong to an assembly. Assemblies
act as the smallest distribution unit for
component code in the .NET Framework.

Assemblies defined

Assemblies are used to package and
distribute executable code
Assemblies are the atom of deployment in the CLR
Assemblies are collections of type definitions
Type names are scoped by their containing
assembly
Security Boundary
Version Boundary

Assemblies and modules

An assembly consists of one or more physical files
known as modules
A module is an executable file containing code and metadata
Each module may be produced using different programming
languages
Exactly one module in an assembly contains an assembly
manifest
CSC.EXE's /t:module and /addmodule switches support
module-level compilation/references
The assembly linker al.exe can link multiple modules and
create the manifest

CompilationCompilation

Intermediate Language (IL)Intermediate Language (IL)

Just-in-Time CompilationJust-in-Time Compilation

Assembly ContentsAssembly Contents

Only the assembly manifestOnly the assembly manifest
is requiredis required

Language of Choice – C#Language of Choice – C#
Recognition of other language useRecognition of other language use

JScript.NETJScript.NET

VB.NETVB.NET

Delphi.NETDelphi.NET

Fujitsu COBOL.NETFujitsu COBOL.NET

.NET Components.NET Components
Operating SystemOperating System
Common Language SpecificationCommon Language Specification
Framework Class Library (BCL)Framework Class Library (BCL)
VBVB C++C++ C#C#
VisualStudio.NETVisualStudio.NET
ASP.NET: Web ServicesASP.NET: Web Services
and Web Formsand Web Forms
WindowsWindows
FormsForms
XML, ADO.NET, etc.XML, ADO.NET, etc.

CLR EnvironmentCLR Environment
CommonCommon LanguageLanguage RuntimeRuntime
.NET PE File.NET PE File.NET PE File.NET PE File .NET PE File.NET PE File

PE FilePE File
Native Image SectionNative Image Section
.data, .rdata, .rsrc, .text.data, .rdata, .rsrc, .text
CLR DataCLR Data
CLR HeaderCLR Header
MetadataMetadata ILIL
PE/COFF HeadersPE/COFF Headers

MetadataMetadata
Assembly name, version, culture, andAssembly name, version, culture, and
public keypublic key
Types that it referencesTypes that it references
Types that it exportsTypes that it exports
Security requirements for executionSecurity requirements for execution
Descriptions of classes, interfaces,Descriptions of classes, interfaces,
methods, properties, fields, events, globalmethods, properties, fields, events, global
methods, etc..methods, etc..

Intermediate Language (IL)Intermediate Language (IL)
Generated by all .NET compilersGenerated by all .NET compilers
MSIL Instruction Set SpecificationMSIL Instruction Set Specification
The IL Assembly Language Programmer’sThe IL Assembly Language Programmer’s
ReferenceReference
Core of .NET programmingCore of .NET programming
Fully supports Object Oriented featuresFully supports Object Oriented features

Data abstraction, inheritance, polymorphismData abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism
Also supports exceptions and eventsAlso supports exceptions and events

CLR ExecutablesCLR Executables
Hello World in 2 languagesHello World in 2 languages

C#.NETC#.NET
using System;using System;
Class MainAppClass MainApp
{public static void Main(){public static void Main()
{ Console.WriteLine(“C# Hello, World!”);}{ Console.WriteLine(“C# Hello, World!”);}
}}

VB.NETVB.NET
Imports SystemImports System
Public Module modmainPublic Module modmain
Sub Main()Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine(“VB Hello, World!”)Console.WriteLine(“VB Hello, World!”)
End SubEnd Sub
End ModuleEnd Module

Examining MetadataExamining Metadata
IL disassembler ILDADM.EXEIL disassembler ILDADM.EXE

Tree viewTree view

Displays the ManifestDisplays the Manifest

CTL-d to dump to diskCTL-d to dump to disk

Reflection ClassesReflection Classes
System.Reflection namespaceSystem.Reflection namespace
Allows you to examine programmaticallyAllows you to examine programmatically
the manifest of an assemblythe manifest of an assembly
Thru Reflection.Emit you can createThru Reflection.Emit you can create
program modules on the flyprogram modules on the fly

CLR ExecutionCLR Execution
Class LoaderClass Loader
.NET PE Files (IL and metadata).NET PE Files (IL and metadata)
JIT Compilers
VerifierVerifier
JITJIT
Execution support and managementExecution support and management
Gargage collection, security engine,Gargage collection, security engine,
Code manager, exception manager, threadingCode manager, exception manager, threading

Class LoaderClass Loader
Loads .NET classes into memory andLoads .NET classes into memory and
prepares them for execution - searches:prepares them for execution - searches:

.config file for the application.config file for the application

GAC Global Assembly CacheGAC Global Assembly Cache

MetadataMetadata
Caches the type information so it doesn’tCaches the type information so it doesn’t
have to load the class againhave to load the class again
Finally - initializes static variables andFinally - initializes static variables and
instantiates an object of the loaded classinstantiates an object of the loaded class

JIT CompilerJIT Compiler
Converts IL to managed native codeConverts IL to managed native code
Dynamically compile code that is optimized forDynamically compile code that is optimized for
the target machinethe target machine
Only the first time the method is invoked - readsOnly the first time the method is invoked - reads
the stub the class-loader created to flag athe stub the class-loader created to flag a
method for compilationmethod for compilation
Stays in memory until the process shuts downStays in memory until the process shuts down
ngen.exe – For pre jittingngen.exe – For pre jitting

The .NET ShowThe .NET Show

Inside the CLRInside the CLR

CLR – Common Language RuntimeCLR – Common Language Runtime
Core of the .NET architectureCore of the .NET architecture
Virtual Execution Engine manages codeVirtual Execution Engine manages code
Loads modulesLoads modules
Verifies typesVerifies types
JIT compilesJIT compiles
Garbage collection, exception handling,Garbage collection, exception handling,
security, debugging support, interopsecurity, debugging support, interop
SummarySummary

Let’s Take a Break!Let’s Take a Break!

Operating SystemOperating System
Common Language SpecificationCommon Language Specification
Framework Class Library (BCL)Framework Class Library (BCL)
VBVB C++C++ C#C#
VisualStudio.NETVisualStudio.NET
ASP.NET: Web ServicesASP.NET: Web Services
and Web Formsand Web Forms
WindowsWindows
FormsForms
XML, ADO.NET, etc.XML, ADO.NET, etc.

The .NET ShowThe .NET Show

Understanding the FrameworkUnderstanding the Framework

ADO.NET ArchitectureADO.NET Architecture
DataReaderDataReader
SQL Server and otherSQL Server and other
OLE DB data storeOLE DB data store
DataSetDataSet
ConnectionConnection
CommandCommand
CommandCommand
CommandCommand
CommandCommand
ConnectionConnection
Data-Related Components
DataStores
DataAdapter
Managed-Provider Components

ADO.NET BenefitsADO.NET Benefits
InteroperabilityInteroperability

Don’t need COM on both sidesDon’t need COM on both sides

Uses XML to transfer data, even through firewallsUses XML to transfer data, even through firewalls
ScalabilityScalability

Disconnected datasetsDisconnected datasets
ProductivityProductivity

Visual Studio.NET component designerVisual Studio.NET component designer

Type safetyType safety
PerformancePerformance

Disconnected datasetsDisconnected datasets

No need for type conversionsNo need for type conversions

Important ADO.NET Data ObjectsImportant ADO.NET Data Objects
DataSetDataSet
DataTableCollectionDataTableCollection
DataTableDataTable
DataRowCollectionDataRowCollection
DataRowDataRow
DataColumnCollectionDataColumnCollection
DataColumnDataColumn
DataViewDataView
DataRelationCollectionDataRelationCollection
DataRelationDataRelation

ADO.NETADO.NET
XML Classes make the dataset extremelyXML Classes make the dataset extremely
portableportable

ReadXmlReadXml

WriteXmlWriteXml

WriteXmlSchemaWriteXmlSchema

ADO.NET Managed ProvidersADO.NET Managed Providers
Common Interface for accessing dataCommon Interface for accessing data

Implementation ofImplementation of
System.Data.Common.DbDataAdapterSystem.Data.Common.DbDataAdapter
objectsobjects
SQL Server, OLE DB ship with .NETSQL Server, OLE DB ship with .NET
Oracle & ODBC are now availableOracle & ODBC are now available
Other vendors are building providers forOther vendors are building providers for
other databasesother databases

IdbCommandIdbCommand
IdbCommandIdbCommandOleDbCommandOleDbCommand SqlCommandSqlCommand
IDbConnectionIDbConnection
OleDbConnectionOleDbConnection SqlConnectionSqlConnection
IDataParameterCollectionIDataParameterCollection
OleDbParameterCollectionOleDbParameterCollection SQLParameterCollectionSQLParameterCollection

ADO.NET Reader ObjectADO.NET Reader Object
New in ADO.NETNew in ADO.NET
Data Reader similar to a stream objectData Reader similar to a stream object
Very efficientVery efficient

Forward onlyForward only

Sequential OrderSequential Order
Recommended method of populating theRecommended method of populating the
datasetdataset

Bertrans Meyer’s .NET Training CourseBertrans Meyer’s .NET Training Course

A Survey of the LibrariesA Survey of the Libraries

Distributed Application SupportDistributed Application Support

.NET Remote Invocation Services.NET Remote Invocation Services
Web ServicesWeb Services

System. Web.Services.WebServiceSystem. Web.Services.WebService
Remoting ServicesRemoting Services

System.RemotingSystem.Remoting

Message QueuesMessage Queues

ASP.NET as an Application ServerASP.NET as an Application Server

ASP.NETASP.NET
New Web Programming ModelNew Web Programming Model

Totally .NET – Do web programming in anyTotally .NET – Do web programming in any
.NET language..NET language.
Plug-in to IISPlug-in to IIS
Compiled ExecutionCompiled Execution
Tool SupportTool Support
Class & Control LibraryClass & Control Library
Host for Remoting & Web ServicesHost for Remoting & Web Services

Managed, Unmanaged andManaged, Unmanaged and
InteroperabilityInteroperability
Managed Code = IL code run by the CLRManaged Code = IL code run by the CLR
Unmanaged Code = COM Objects, Win32Unmanaged Code = COM Objects, Win32
applications, Active-X Controls, i.e.applications, Active-X Controls, i.e.
anything else under Windowsanything else under Windows
Interop – the ability to run managed codeInterop – the ability to run managed code
from unmanaged code or run unmanagedfrom unmanaged code or run unmanaged
code from managed codecode from managed code

Interop – Calling unmanaged DLLInterop – Calling unmanaged DLL
from .NETfrom .NET

Calling Unmanaged MessageBoxCalling Unmanaged MessageBox
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
public class Win32 {public class Win32 {
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Auto)][DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int MessageBox(int hWnd, String text,public static extern int MessageBox(int hWnd, String text,
String caption, uint type);String caption, uint type);
}}
public class HelloWorld { public static void Main()public class HelloWorld { public static void Main()
{ Win32.MessageBox(0, "Hello World", "Platform Invoke{ Win32.MessageBox(0, "Hello World", "Platform Invoke
Sample", 0); }Sample", 0); }
}}

Using a COM WrapperUsing a COM Wrapper

.NET Tools.NET Tools
Visual Studio .NETVisual Studio .NET
ILDASMILDASM
.NET Framework Configuration.NET Framework Configuration
SQL ServerSQL Server

Sample ApplicationsSample Applications
Duwamish 7 BookstoreDuwamish 7 Bookstore
Fitch & Mather Online BrokerageFitch & Mather Online Brokerage
DiggerDigger

ResourcesResources
MSDN (msdn.microsoft.com/net)MSDN (msdn.microsoft.com/net)
ASP.Net (www.asp.net)ASP.Net (www.asp.net)
www.gotdotnet.comwww.gotdotnet.com
www.sellsbrothers.comwww.sellsbrothers.com
www.windowsforms.netwww.windowsforms.net
www.c-sharpcorner.comwww.c-sharpcorner.com
.NET Patterns and Practices.NET Patterns and Practices

msdn.microsoft.com/practices/msdn.microsoft.com/practices/
.NET Six-Week Series.NET Six-Week Series

msdn.microsoft.com/net/guide/msdn.microsoft.com/net/guide/
Books! We have a number of books in house.Books! We have a number of books in house.

.NET Overview

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (18)

Similar a .NET Overview

Similar a .NET Overview (20)

Más de Greg Sohl

Más de Greg Sohl (9)

Último

Último (20)

.NET Overview

Notas del editor