Sequence of investigations to see, find and understand flexibility in the Contradictory landscape in Nikel, and how to reorientate in this landscape. By looking closer into every landscape I make an attempt to grasp all of them as systems of information exchange, understand the landscapes character, find enough information to see and identify spaces in the landscapes to keep them alive and understand them and theyr overlapping.

1. // Reorientation in Contradictory landscape
Sequence of investigations to see, find and understand flexibility
in the Contradictory landscape in Nikel, and how to
reorientate in this landscape.
By looking closer into every landscape I make an attempt to
grasp all of them as systems of information exchange, understand
the landscapes character, find enough information to see and
identify spaces in the landscapes to keep them alive and
understand them and theyr overlapping.

2. // Defining the landscape in Nikel
The season space
The atmospheric landscape The time space
The filter space
The water space
The enjoyable landscape
The vegetation space
The dwelling spaces
The cultural landscape The delight space
The routine space
The crude space
The industrial landscape
The dark space
The street space
The path landscape The stroll space
The plaza space
The anima space
The tourist landscape
The capsule space
The connection space
The nexus landscape
The infrastructure space
The dying space
The drained landscape
The buried space

3. // Diagram of landscape overlapping
The season space
The atmospheric landscape The time space
The filter space
The water space
The enjoyable landscape
The vegetation space
The dwelling spaces
The cultural landscape The delight space
The routine space
The crude space
The industrial landscape
The dark space
The street space
The path landscape The stroll space
The plaza space
The anima space
The tourist landscape
The capsule space
The connection space
The nexus landscape
The infrastructure space
The dying space
The drained landscape
The buried space

4. // The atmospheric landscape
The shifting weather conditions that
influence the surroundings. People pack
The season space them selfs into warm clothes in the
winter. Animals visit and vegetation
grows while it is warm in the summertime.
The change from the morning sunrise to
The time space the evening sunset when the moon and the
stars start to decorate the sky.
The fluxing filter of sulphur dioxide that
The filter space distorts the colours in the landscape.

5. // The season space in the atmospheric landscape
The winds are predominantly from the
Air currents southwest in the Northern Hemisphere. But
in the Summer they tend to come from the
north east.
Average high and the average low
temperature in Spring and Autumn is 8°C
Temperature and down to -4°C. In the Summer the
temperature goes from being around 0°C to
15°C and in the Winter the temperature
stays under 0°C and goes down to -15°C.
The precipitation goes from being 22mm
in Sring up to 23-63mm in the Summer.
In Autumn it’s around 33-35mm, while
Precipitation it´s 23-33mm in the Winter. The main
pollutants in snow are copper and nickel.
Zones of maximum accumulation are located
in the surroundings of Zapolyarny and
Nikel.

6. // The time space in the atmospheric landscape
Spring:
Sunshine hours in March are 120.9 and 183
in April.
Spring & Summer Summer:
There are 192.2 sunshine hours in May
and they increase until July up to 235.6
hours. In August the sunshine hours
decrease down to 155 hours.
Autumn:
Sunshine hours in September are 90 and
46.5 in October.
Winter:
Autumn & Winter
Sunshine hours in the wintertime are from
0 in January and December, 6 hours in
November and up to 33.9 in February. that
makes the town really dark and murky in
these times.

7. // The filter space in the atmospheric landscape
Current annual emissions of sulphur
dioxide are about 150 000 tons. However,
Annual emissions the present emission is still above the
critical level for sensitive biota in the
Nikel-Pasvik area.
Average monthly concentrations of
atmospheric SO2 in the surroundings of
the nickel smelters depend on the wind
conditions. The pollution level is also
Monthly concentrations
influenced by meteorological conditions
unfavourable for dispersion of
pollutants: calm weather, stagnation of
air, fogs, periods of stable anticyclone
circulation.
Increased levels of SO2 in the Nikel area
are observed when winds are from the
Increased levels north and north-east. Making breathing
difficult and even burning holes in
people’s umbrellas.

8. // The enjoyable landscape
Where the sounds of the stream awakens
an awerness of the vastness of the
The water space water. A lens with powers of reflection,
spatial reversal, refraction, and the
transformation of rays of light.
Plants that use water and sunlight to
The vegetation space grow from soil. Each year blooming in the
summer and withering away in the winter.
Providing food for animals and people.

9. // The water space in the enjoyable landscape
The contamination of lakes by heavy
metals (nickel and copper) is more
severe than acidification, especially
in the vicinity of the smelters, where
Contamination of lakes
damage to fish populations as well
as phytoplankton and invertebrate
communities are observed. The absence
of older individuals of brown trout and
Arctic char in inlet and outlet streams
indicated low survival with age.
Acidification of surface waters is
usually followed by reductions of
relative species richness and abundance
Surface waters of sensitive taxa, such as mayflies,
stoneflies, amphipoda and snails, but also
by an increase in the relative abundance
of tolerant taxa (diptera, water bugs and
water beetles).
An extremely high abundance of
chironomids has been recorded in Lake
Kuetsyarvi, where simultaneous effects
of heavy metals and nutrients on
Lake Kuetsyarvi
invertebrates occurred. The toxic effects
of heavy metals may be neutralised
by high organic matter and calcium
concentrations, also apparently due to
morphological peculiarities of the lake
(the prevalence of shallow areas with
vegetation) and relatively high water
exchange.

10. // The vegetation space in the enjoyable landscape
In this area scots pine (Pinus
sylvestris) and downy birch (Betula
pubescens) are the dominant tree species
Vegetation in the region. Dwarf birch (Betula nana),
bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and
epiphytic lichen vegetation do also grow
in the area.
The invertebrate animals in the area
are beetles from the Elateridae family
Invertebrate animals
which are highly sensitive to pollution.
Species from the Aranea, Diptera and
Formicidae families are more tolerant.
The vertebrate animals in the area
are small mammals (the northern vole
Microtus oeconomus, the grey-sided vole
Clethrionomys rufocanus and the common
Vertebrate animals shrew Sorex araneus), the willow grouse
(Lagopus lagopus) and the brown frog Rana
temporaria. These are animals that occupy
small areas in a polluted territory
and do not make distant migrations are
therefore susceptible to air pollution.

11. // The cultural landscape
Where you can feel the essence of the
people. Personal space where the little
The dwelling space girl feels safe. She decorates her room
from her heart and emotions. This is the
space inside the Cultural landscape where
people live and call there home.
Where people meet, get together and enjoy
themselves. Where parents meet to watch
their children’s school play. Families
The delight space relax and laugh together at a resturant.
The space inside the Cultural landscape
where people spend enjoyalbe time
together with some activity.
The space where people have to go to make
a living. Where you can see an old lady
The routine space buying food or a young child lerning how
to read or write. The space where you
learn, work or buy things to survive in
the world.

12. // The dwelling space in the cultural landscape
The apartment buildings in Nikel are
mostly build out of concrete, the wooden
houses were made out of trees that
existed in Nikel before. The houses the
Outside
Finns built are better houses than the
Russians built. The apartment buildings
are mostly painted in pastel colors, but
because of the filter space they often get
leyerd with membrane of pollution.
Most of the people in Nikel live in three
bedroom apartments. Usually the kitchen
is the womans space in Russian culture,
and she takes care of the household and
Inside
cooking. There is also a habit in Russian
culture for renovating the inside of
the house every other year or more. The
inside of the apartments are often a field
of expression.

13. // The delight space in the cultural landscape
There are some houses around town like
the Culture house and the cinema that
Entertainment
people gether and watch theatre, movies,
art exhibition or a school play.
A place where people sometimes go to have
Restaurants dinner with friends. A usual place where
tourists stop by and have dinner to get
to know the traditional Russian food.
The garages are a traditional Russian
field of garages gathered in one or more
parts of the town. Usually the garages
are owned by a man and not a family.
Garages
This is the mans space, where he can
potter about, fix his car or build things.
Sometimes the garage is even turned into
sauna. This place in town is where people
often get together and have parties.

14. // The routine space in the cultural landscape
The places people work and make a living.
Shops, stores, the school, the culture
Workplace house, the nickel factory, the cinema.
They spend most hours during the day at
these places.
Some people work there, but everybody go
Convenience store there few times a week to get necessary
supplies for food and regular houshold.
Children go to school and often have
School & leisure a spare time hobby or sport that they
practice after school.

15. // The industrial landscape
The fixed visible steel structure that
is evident from every direction around
Nikel. The machine-made materials of
The crude space
the structure that send the echo of the
hidden workers on the inside out to the
landscapes.
The unknown space inside the steel
structure, that is hidden from the
The dark space outsider. The filled space that touches
the individual directly, envelopes him,
penetrates him, and even passes trough
him.

16. // The crude space in the industrial landscape
Most parts of the buildings is made out
of steel and almost every building is
Building
painted in different color. Red, blue,
yellow, brown, white, gray and so forth.
The smokestacks are white and red, they
Smokestack let the sulphur dioxide out into the
atmosphere and the ecosystem.

17. // The dark space in the industrial landscape
The dark underground tunnels go eight
Dark tunnels storeys down to the ground and they
stretch all the way under the city.
It’s hard to know exactly how things are
inside the building structure but there
Hidden spaces is a lot of heat and raw crude atmosphere
according to the pictures and raeding
material available on the Internet.

18. // The path landscape
The path that connects cities together
and people use various kind of vehicles
The street space as an traveling method. This space
connectes and overlap many different
landscapes.
Small paths that a mother uses to walk to
the supermarket. A path family strolls on
when picking mushrooms in The vegetation
The stroll space space. The paths that the tourist can see
trace of in The dying space. The stroll
space is connected to many different
spaces, connects them and overlaps alot
of landscapes.
A space where people gather, this space
is always connected to The stroll space
The plaza space or The street space. This is a space
where kids drive theyr model car, play
hide and seek, and parents sit down or
play with their kids.

19. // The street space in the path landscape
The roads that lead to Nikel are in
unequal condition, the asphalt is not
Materials taken care of and that can make the roads
unsafe.
The road signs show traveling people
where to go, how fast they can drive and
Warning signs other guidlines. They are in Russian
language.

20. // The stroll space in the path landscape
In the town of Nikel the walking paths
are mostly asphalt and some times
Materials flagstone laying. The smaller paths are
often formed after people, and are
walking paths of ground and soil.
The streetsigns show people the name
of the street they are walking on and
Street signs the numbers of houses, they work as
a compass. The signs are written in
Russian language.

21. // The plaza space in the path landscape
The main square is defined in front of
the Culture house and is filled with
Ideological signs and flagstone laying
on the ground around a statue of Lenin.
Squares
There are benches that people can rest on
and steps up to the square.
Playgrounds for kids, where parents
can play with them and kids can play
Playground together. The materials are mostly tyres
that rope in the space, steel struktures
that kids can climb on and then soil and
ground.

22. // The tourist landscape
Part of the traveller that is directed
inward and is in touch with the
The anima space subconscious. Which influences one’s
actions and feelings, it’s connected to
the travellers experience from childhood
and saga.
The travellers physical form. The body
and its senses, muscles and bones that
The capsule space
the traveller understands the landscape
and space he/she is experiencing.

23. // The anima space in the tourist landscape
Memory is the ability to preserve,
retain, and subsequently recall,
knowledge, information or experience.
Saga
Previous experiences in peoples life
can influence theyr way of thinking
and looking up on things they see or
encounter.
Thought is a mental activity which allows
human beings to make sense of things in
the world. Thinking involves the symbolic
or semantic mediation of ideas or data,
Mind as when we form concepts, engage in
problem solving, reasoning and making
decisions. The part of the psyche that is
directed inward, and is often in touch
with the subconscious. Imagination and
consciousness.

24. // The capsule space in the tourist landscape
Peoples physical structure, bones, flesh,
Body and organs. The physical and mortal
aspect of a person as opposed to the soul
or spirit.
Senses are physiological capacities
of organisms that provide inputs for
perception. The senses and their
operation, classification, and theory are
Senses overlapping topics studied by a variety
of fields, most notably neuroscience,
cognitive psychology (or cognitive
science), and philosophy of perception.
The nervous system has a specific sensory
system or organ, dedicated to each sense.

25. // The nexus landscape
The lines in the air that overlap
landscapes and carry electricity and
The connection space electrical signals between places. It
connects places and people with each
other. They appear translucent to our
eyes.
Wooden and steel structures that carry
The infrastructure space The connection space between places. They
are very visible to our eyes and they
follow a line of The path landscape.

26. // The connection space in the nexus landscape
Specialized cable designed to carry
alternating current of radio frequency,
that is, currents with a frequency high
enough that their wave nature must be
Material & purpose taken into account. Transmission lines
are used for purposes such as connecting
radio transmitters and receivers with
their antennas, distributing cable
television signals, and computer network
connections.

27. // The infrastructure space in the nexus landscape
Wooden poles, stones and wire. The
Materials infrastructure is often nowadays made out
of steel structure that has a stronger
structure and is more stable.
The poles often have warning signs on
Signs them as well as some kind of numbers for
location.

28. // The drained landscape
The plants that struggle to stay alive,
absorbing the toxic waste that is sent
The dying space out into The atmospherical landscape from
The dark space. This space has been bent
so far that its almost completely broken.
Where the life has been sucked out of the
The buried space soil, plants have struggled to stay alive
but slowly been “buried alive”.

29. // The dying space in the drained landscape
For sensitive ecosystems the critical
levels have been exceeded on more than
Sensitive ecosystems 3200 square kilometres of Russian
and Norwegian territory, of which
approximately 2400 square kilometres were
on Russian territory.
Long-term dynamics show high accumulation
levels of nickel and copper in rivers and
in the whole catchment area. Increased
concentrations of pollutants in water
Catchment area
reservoirs, which are not subject to the
direct impact of emissions, especially
during the spring and rain flood-water
periods, are evidence of the significant
role of atmospheric transfer.
Based on forest vitality, 4 classes of
forest damage were identified within the
Forest damage industrially impacted territory. The
extent of the forest damage decreased
with increasing distance from the
emission source.

30. // The buried space in the drained landscape
Susceptibility to environmental pollution
enhances forest decline. The distribution
of forest stands by sensitivity classes
10 to 12 km from the smelter indicated high sensitivity of pine
forests within 10 to 12 km from the
smelter, corresponding to severe damage
to forest stands.
The Jarfjord Mountain area, which is
Jarfjord Mountain area located north of Nikel, has been assessed
as being the most influenced, together
with a narrow zone west of Nikel.
The combined negative impact of sulphur
and heavy metal pollution resulted in
an area of severe forest damage in
the vicinity of the smelters, i.e. on
Vicinity of the smelters
Russian territory, is about 1600 km2.
The area can be described as an oval
that stretches from south to north and
influenced by the dominant wind direction
and landscape feature.