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67. dZlhhkghghkhcklhgZ]eZghlhdZl_]hjbZeghhlghr_gb_-
f_`^mbgl_gpbhgZe_gZdlbg_]hhlhkt^tj`Zgb_-g_kdjblhkllZb
kt[jZghkllZ
LZdZhkghgbl_khcklZgZ]eZgbl_
dZl_]hjbZegbhlghr_gbytkydZ_^gZhl^_l_
hglheh]bb[bZlgZjbqZgbdhgp_ipbbaZbklbgZlZ

68. KbglZdlbqgb hlghr_gby k ij_oh^gb
]eZ]heb: km[_dl b h[_dl
=eZ]hebl_, dhblh ^himkdZl beb ^hjb babkdZl ijydh
^hiteg_gb_, gZjbqZf_ ij_oh^gb, Z l_ab, dhblh g_ ^himkdZl -
g_ij_oh^gb. Ij_oh^ghkllZ beb g_ij_oh^ghkllZ gZ ]eZ]heZ k_
ijb_fZ aZ g_]hZfhjnheh]bqgZ oZjZdl_jbklbdZ. Gh mihlj_[yZcdb
_^bgby beb ^jm]by b^, kbglZdlbqgbyl kljh_` bkthl_lklZsbyl
fm kfbkte k_ hdZaZl jZaebqgb.
GZijbf_j fbkey _ g_ij_oh^_g (fZdZj ki_pbZebabjZgb
nbehkhnkdb l_dklh_ ^Z kts_klmZ l_g^_gpby aZ ij_oh^gZlZ fm
mihlj_[Z k hlkygdZ kfbkteZ), Z taijb_fZf, b`^Zf, qmZf,
ibiZf, ijhba_`^Zf, baf_gyf, ih^h[jyZf, jZabZf b
fgh`_klh ^jm]b ]eZ]heb gZ taijbylb_lh b ^_cklb_lh kZ
ij_oh^gb.
B lZdZ hl _^gZ kljZgZ, :a fbkey aZ dtsZlZ, Z hl ^jm]Z, :a
kljhy dtsZlZ b :a b`^Zf dtsZlZ. Ijb g_ij_oh^gbl_ ]eZ]heb
dZlh fbkey __glmZegh dhk_ghlh (gZ [te]Zjkdb ij_^eh`ghlh)
^hiteg_gb_ ^hgydt^_ fh`_ ^Z k_ ltedmZ b dZlh kdZam_fgh
hij_^_e_gb_, l._. lh ki_pbnbpbjZ ^_cklb_lh, [_a kZfh ^Z ltjib
ijhfygZ hl g_]h. LZdZ, dh]Zlh fbkey aZ dtsZlZ, dtsZlZ g_ ltjib
ijhfygZ, gh g_ lZdt _ kemqZyl, dh]Zlh y kljhy. GZijbf_j gZ
[te]Zjkdb (aZ jZaebdZ gZijbf_j hl Zg]ebckdb) g_ij_oh^gbl_
]eZ]heb beb ij_oh^gbl_ ]eZ]heb k ij_^eh`gh ^hiteg_gb_ g_
^himkdZl kljZ^Zl_e_g aZeh]. LhZ ykgh ihdZaZ, q_ _abdtl ykgh
jZa]jZgbqZZ dZlh ijydh ^hiteg_gb_ hghZ, dtf dh_lh ^_cklb_lh
_ gZkhq_gh dZq_klhlh gZ ta^_cklb_.
Ex[hibl_g _ kemqZyl k ]eZ]hebl_ gZ taijbylb_lh: ibiZf,
b`^Zf, qmZf b ^jm]b. ;herbgklhlh hl lyo kZ ij_oh^gb.
Ke_^hZl_egh, ]_gbyl gZ gZrbl_ ij_^pb _ ij_^iheh`be, q_

69. ]e_^Zcdb g_sh (dZdlh b qmZcdb, b`^Zcdb), gb_ fm hdZaZf_
ta^_cklb_, ^hdZlh fbke_cdb aZ g_sh, lhZ g_ _ lZdZ. tafh`gb
kZ fgh`_klh ki_dmeZlbgb ij_^iheh`_gby lZab gZkhdZ:
gZijbf_j, dh]Zlh taijb_f_f g_sh, ijZbf lh ^Z k_ yb. DZaZgh gZ
r_]Z, ^_^bl_ gb kZ [beb badmr_gb hl nbehkhnbylZ gZ ;tjdeb.
(ktsghkl, jZa[bjZ k_, bfZf ij_^b^ h[jZlghlh: khebikbaftl _
ba_^_gZ hl ij_oh^ghkllZ gZ ]eZ]hebl_ gZ taijbylb_lh
nbehkhnkdZ dhgp_ipby b k lhZ obi_j[hebabjZgZ ^h ihqlb
dhfbq_g Z[kmj^.)
Baij_ZjZcdb baeh`_gb_lh (`. ke_^ZsZlZ ]eZZ),
ke_^Z ^Z k_ baltdg_, q_ ij_oh^ghkllZ gZ ]eZ]hebl_ gZ
taijbylb_lh g_ _ kemqZcgZ. L_ ^_cklbl_egh ba_kl_g kfbkte b
k hkghZgb_ ih^kdZaZl ijhba_`^Zg_ gZ taijb_lhlh - _^bg
Zki_dl gZ _abdZ _dkiebpbjZg m OZc^_]_j ke_^ ihjZlZ.
b`^Zg_lh ijhba_`^Z (her-stellen, l._. [mdZegh ihklZy lmd) dZlh
ba_`^Z hl kdjblhkl g_kdjblhkl g_]hhlh _^bgklh, g_]hZlZ
pyehkl. ktsghkl gb_ bgZ]b g_ihkj_^kl_gh b`^Zf_ kZfh _^bg
Zki_dl beb nZaZ gZ b`^Zghlh. K ^jm]b ^mfb, gbdh]Z g_ b`^Zf_
klhe, Z kZfh hij_^_e_g Zki_dl beb qZkl hl klhe b hl lhZ _q_
aZdexqZZf_ ih bg^mdpby, q_ kf_ b^_eb klhe.
Lmd k_ gZeZ]Z _^gh hldehg_gb_, aZ ^Z k_ baykgb k ihfhslZ
gZ :jbklhl_e nbehkhnkdby kfbkte gZ bg^mdpby. Gb_, fh^_jgbl_
ohjZ, ihemqbeb oZjZdl_jghlh Ghh_jhi_ckdh h[jZahZgb_,
jZa[bjZf_ bg^mdpbylZ dZlh nbabq_kdZ b fZl_fZlbq_kdZ: l._. Zdh
gb _ ^Z^_g gydZdt djZ_g [jhc nZdlb ^Z ba_^_f h[shlh f_`^m
lyo b, kihj_^ Fbe, ^Z m^hklh_jbf lZdZ ihemq_ghlh _^bgklh
ihkj_^klhf ijbqbggZ jtadZ, dhylh ^Zh[hkghZZ g_h[oh^bfby
oZjZdl_j gZ lhZ _^bgklh. Ijb lhZ k_ ij_^iheZ]Z, q_
bg^mdlbghlh ijh[y]Zg_ gZ nZdlbl_ ^himkdZ ltdfh _^gZ lyogZ

70. g_h[oh^bfZ h[sghkl (Zdh kts_klmZ lZdZZ, dZlh kts_klmZ
kemqZy agZqb ^Z g_ _ kemqZcgZ, Z ^Z _ dZmaZegh h[mkeh_gZ).
H[bqZcgh _ ^mfZlZ HMSDºJZJKY - ibr_ OZc^_]_j - ^Z k_
ij__`^Z k bg^mdpby; b ij_h^tl _ gZ]h^_g ihqlb ^hkehgh,
kihj_^ g_shlh, h[Zq_ - l._. dZlh ltedmZgb_ - ktk_f ih]j_rgh:
HMSDºJZJKY gyfZ ij_^b^ ijh[y]Zg_ gZ hl^_egbl_ nZdlb - hl
l_ogbl_ ih^h[gb khcklZ, ke_^hZl_egh hl lyogZlZ h[sghkl, ^Z k_
aZdexqb k_h[sghkl. HMSDºJZJKY agZqb gZkhqZg_ dtf hghZ,
dh_lh ihiZ^Z ij_^ ih]e_^Z, k dhclh gZc-gZij_^ ih]e_`^Zf_
hl^_egbl_ g_sZ: HMSDºJZJKY b gZdt^_? Dtf [blb_lh. KZfh dh]Zlh
bfZf_ ij_^ ih]e_^Z ^tj_kghkllZ, fh`_f ^Z nbdkbjZf_
hl^_eghlh ^tjh. b`^Zg_lh b ijZ_g_lh b^bfh gZ lhZ, dh_lh ih
lZdt gZqbg, dZlh ^tj_kghkl _q_ klhb ij_^ ih]e_^Z, _ HMSDºJZJKY.
LhZ HMSDºJZJKY _ ij_^klZ_ghlh ^h_g kfbkte: itjh ^Z
baitdg_ ij_^ ih]e_^Z b lh]ZZ _^ghj_f_ggh ^Z k_ nbdkbjZ ebdtl.
HMSDºJZJKY _ hghZ, dh_lh _^gZ]Z klZZ ih^hajbl_egh aZ ohjZlZ
h[tjaZgb k gZmqghlh fbke_g_, b hklZZ ^Z k_ bfZ ij_^b^ qm`^h;
l_ b`^Zl lhZ g_^himklbfh petitio principii, l._. gZjmr_gb_
gZ _fibjbqghlh fbke_g_; kZfh q_ lhZ petere principium,
ijhly]Zg_lh aZ hkghhiheZ]ZsZ hkghZ, _ _^bgkl_gbyl oh^ gZ
nbehkhnbylZ, ba_klyZshlh gZjmr_gb_ h[eZkllZ, tlj_ dhylh
lhdm-sh _ mkiyeZ ^Z k_ aZk_eb gZmdZ.
Ke_^Z ^Z k_ h[tjg_f b dtf ^jm] g_aZbkbf ij_h^ gZ
:jbklhl_e, aZ ^Z ijh_jbf g_ ij_m_ebqZZ eb OZc^_]_j:
ijbf_jtl _ ih^h[_g gZ bg^mdpby, Z bg^mdpbylZ _ gZqZeh - ibr_
:jbklhl_e.
M. Heiedegger. Vom Wesen und Begriff der IXYVL. Aristoteles, Physik B, 1. -
In: M. Heidegger. Wegmarken. Frankfurt AM, 1978, S. 242.
:jbklhl_e. J_lhjbdZ (ij_. :e_dkgZ^tj Gbq_). K., 1993, k. 133.

71. Ke_^hZl_egh ljy[Z ^Z jZa[_j_f bg^mdpbylZ dZlh ijbf_j
gZ g_sh, k dhylh k_ ihklZy gZqZeh aZ lhZ g_sh. lhab kfbkte ly
_ itjhgZqZeghlh gZ_`^Zg_ dtf g_sh. tjhlh qj_a hghZ,
dh_lh g_ihkj_^kl_gh b ZdlmZegh b`^Zf_ hl g_]h, gb gZ_`^Z
qj_a HMSDºJZJKY, bg^mdpby dtf khylZ ^tj_kghkl, aZ ^Z gb k_ yb
_^Z ke_^ lhZ dZlh lhZ ^tjh. :gZeh]bqgh g_ihkj_^kl_gh
b^bfbyl Zki_dl gZ klheZ gb gZ_`^Z gZ g_]hZlZ klhehhkl,
dhylh _q_ s_ gb k_ yb dZlh klhe.
Ltdfh ih ]jtpdbjZa[jZgZlZ bg^mdpby fh`_ ^Z gb ih^kdZ`_,
q_ b`^Zcdb, gb_ ijhba_`^Zf_ b dZd bf_ggh; kts_j_f_ggh k
lhZ ^Z k_ h[ykgb b aZsh ]_gbyl gZ gZrbl_ ijZ^_^b _ ba[jZe
]eZ]hebl_ gZ taijbylb_lh ^Z [t^Zl ij_^bfgh ij_oh^gb.
gbfZl_egbyl qblZl_e k ba_klgb ij_^jZakt^tpb lmd fh`_
^Z taltj`_klmZ, h[bgyZcdb f_, q_ gZjmrZZf kh[kl_ghlh
h[_sZgb_, Z bf_ggh ^Z jZa]e_`^Zf kZfh _abdhb hlghr_gby, l._.
hlghr_gby f_`^m ^mfb b ^mfb, gh g_ b f_`^m ^mfb b g_sh ^jm]h.
LZdt qblZl_e b bfZ, b gyfZ hkghZgby. BfZ ]b, ^hdhedhlh jZa[bjZ
^mfZlZ, dZdlh h[bdgh_gh y jZa[bjZf_ fh^_jgbl_ ohjZ. GyfZ ]b,
Zdh k_ h[tjg_f dtf ih oZc^_]_jbZgkdb ij_^klZ_gh ]jtpdh
koZsZg_ gZ ^mfZlZ ^mfZ - ORYJR.
‘ª¼¸¬ª·É´¸³»Ä¬º¯¶··²´¹²Â¯Ÿª³®¯­¯º¶¸°¯®ª
´ª°HÁ¯·¯±·ª¯´ª´¬¸±·ªÁª¼­ºÄÀ´²¼¯λογος²λεγει훪¶¸Á¯
·½°·¸¯¯®²·»¼¬¯·¸·ª¹¸¶·É·¯¼¸·ª­ºÄÀ´¸¼¸¸¹º¯®¯µÉ·¯·ª
»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ªÁ¸¬¯´ª´ª¼¸ζωον λογον εχον±ª®ª²¶ª¶¯·ª»¸´ª¼ª
¹¸´¸É¼¸¼ºÉ«¬ª®ª¶²»µ²¶±ª®ª»¿¬ª·¯¶»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ªλογος
–¸°¯¶®¸º²²±º²Á·¸¼ºÉ«¬ªανθρωπος®ª¹º¯¬¯®¯¶»Á¸¬¯´Ä¼¯
¸·¸¬ª»Äﻼ¬¸·ª´¸¯¼¸®½¶ª¼ª¯¹º²»Äê–¸°¯¶®ª´ª°¯¶
¬¶¯»¼¸®½¶ª¼ª®ª°¯¯±²´ª¹º²¹¸µ¸°¯·²¯Á¯»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ª
¯±²´ª¶²»µ²¶®¸»¼ª¼ÄÁ·¸²²±·ªÁªµ·¸ª²¶¯··¸¸¼»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ª
¹ºª¬²µ·¸ºª±«ºª·²ÉλογοςŒ»É´¸¸¹º¯®¯µÉ·¯·ª»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ª

72. Á¸¬¯´ª´¸¯¼¸¹¸»µ¯Ã¯»¼ª·¯¸«²Áª³·¸¬®¯¾²·²À²É¼ªKRPR
DQLPDOUDWLRQDOHÁ¸¬¯´Ä¼ºª±½¶·¸¼¸»Äﻼ¬¸²±¸«Ã¸·¯±·ªÁ²Á¯
Á¸¬¯´Ä¼²¶ª¯±²´¸¬ª¼ª»¹¸»¸«·¸»¼´ª¼¸¯®·¸»¬¸³»¼¬¸·ªº¯®»
®º½­²¼¯ªÁ¯®ª²¶ªλογοςª¸·¯­¸®ª»¯¹º²®Äº°ª¯¸¼µ²Á²¯±ª»Ä
÷¸»¼¼ª·ªÁ¸¬¯´ª
œª´ªºª±«ºª·ª®½¶ª¼ª¯®²·»¼¬¯·ª¹º²·ª®µ¯°²·ª
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¸¹¯º²ºª¶¯´ª¼¸»·¯Ã¸­¸¼¸¬¸À¯µ²É¹º¸À¯»¸«¿¬ªÃªÃ¸¼
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»Ä꼪®½¶ª¼ª´ª¼¸·ªÂª¼ªOHVHQÁ¯¼ª»Ä«²ºª¶@­º¸±®¸«¯º»Ä«
²ºª·¯·ª²±¸»¼ª·ªµ²¼¯°²¼·²´µª»¸¬¯»Ä«²ºª¶›ª¶¸Á¯¸Ã¯·¯¯
®¸»¼ª¼ÄÁ·¸´¸­ª¼¸»¯½¬¯º²¶Á¯λεγειν±·ªÁ²λογος; ¬²·ª­²¶¸°¯
·ª²·ª¼·ª¬Éº·¸¼¸½´ª±ª·²¯±ª±·ªÁ¯·²¯¼¸·ª´¸º¯·ª²®ª·¯»¯
M. Heiedegger. Vom Wesen und Begriff der φυYσις. Aristoteles, Physik B, 1....S.
276.

73. ®¸¸À¯·²»Äò·»´¸¼¸»Ä®Äº°ª·²¯·ª­ºÄÀ´ª¼ª®½¶ª²¹¸·É¼²¯¼¸±ª
λογος, ®ª·¯»¯ºª±«¯º¯¬¸«²Áª³·²É¼¸­ª¬ª»¶²»Äµ
lhdm-sh ijb_^_gby iZkZ` OZc^_]_j gb gZkhqZ dtf lhZ,
q_ λοYγος-tl _ kt[bjZg_, b lh kt[bjZg_ gZ fZl_jbZegb g_sZ, ]jha^_,
bahklZgZeb `blgb deZkh_kts_j_f_ggh kt[bjZg_lh gZ λοYγος-Z,
kihj_^ fZl_fZlbq_kdbl_ dhghlZpbb, _ kt[bjZg_ ijhihjpby;
ZgZeh]bylZ k g_fkdZlZ ^mfZ q_lZ, dhylh aZ_^gh k lhZ agZqb b
kt[bjZf, itd gbij_ijZsZdtf kt[bjZg_ _^bg_g kfbkte. B lZdZ
^hlmd λογος-tl _ ^mfZlZ, dZlh _^bgkl_gZ ijbgZ^e_`ZsZ gZ
ktsghkllZ gZ qh_dZ, dZlh kt[bjZg_ gZ fZl_jbZegb g_sZ
ijhihjpby, ijb dh_lh k_ ihemqZZ _^bgklh, kfbkte. K lhZ gb_
ijh^te`ZZf_ ^Z gZij_^Zf_ baykgyZg_ ktsghkllZ gZ
ij_oh^gby oZjZdl_j gZ ]eZ]hebl_ gZ taijbylb_lh dZlh hkh[_g b
qj_a lhZ ZgZebabjZg b^ ijhba_`^Zg_.
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74. Œ´ª´¬¸Œ·¯»´º²¼¸¼¸·ª
¹º²»Ä»¼¬²¯¼¸παρουσια ουσιααπουσια

75. @Λεγειν»Ä«ºª·²¬¯®·¸
±ª¯®·¸²¼¯±²¼¯¯®·¸¬º¯¶¯··¸¹º²»Ä»¼¬ªÃ¸¹º²·¯»¯·²±·ªÁ²
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¹¸´ª°¯¬»¬¸¯¼¸¹º²»Ä»¼¬²¯˜¼¼½´±ªŠº²»¼¸¼¯µ»Ä÷¸»¼¼ª·ª
²±ºª±É¬ª·¯¼¸¯αποφασιςļ´¸³¼¸¸¼»Äﻼ¬½¬ªÃ¸¼¸¹¸±¬¸µÉ¬ª
®ª»¯¬²®²´ª´Ä¬¼¸²´ª´¼¸¼¸³­¸·ª±¸¬ª¬ª²το δηγουν¹ºª¬¯·¯¼¸
¬²®²¶¸
›¼¸¬ªŠº²»¼¸¼¯µ·¯®ª¬ª·É´ª´¬ª¸»¸«¯·ª¼¯¸º²É·ªλογος
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¹¸±·ª¬ªµ²´ª¼¸»Ä÷¸»¼·ªλεγειν¡½®¯»·¸¹¸´ª±¬ª¼¸¬ª¯®²·
Ibid.
,ELGS 277.

76. ¾ºª­¶¯·¼¸¼Ÿ¯ºª´µ²¼)UIP

77. ο αναζ, ου το µαντειον εστι το εν ∆
ελφος, οοτε λεγει ουτε κρυπτει αλλα σηµαινειž²µ¸µ¸±²¼¯·ª¹º
Ž²³µ»¢·¯µ

78. ¹º¯¬¯°®ª¼
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¸«¼¯­·ª¼¸»¼Ουτε λεγει ουτε κρυπτει: λεγειν¼½´¯®½¶ª
¹º¸¼²¬¸¹¸µ¸°·ª·ªκρυπτειν±ª¼¸¬ª¼ºÉ«¬ª®ª¹º¯¬¯°®ª¶¯»
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»´º²¬ª²»´º²¬ª¬¼¸¬ª´¸¯¼¸¸¼´º²¬ª”ª´¬¸½´ª±¬ª¼¸±²λεγειν ±
ªλογοςª²´ª´¬¸±·ªÁ²λογος±ªŸ¯ºª´µ²¼¬°)UJP²²
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