Health and Safety

1. DEFINITION OF HEALTH AND
SAFETY
HEALTH
A state of complete physical, mental and
social well-being and not merely the
absence of infirmity or' disease.
SAFETY
Safety suggests security, freedom from
danger, risk of damage or injury.

2. CONSEQUENCES OF POOR HEALTH
AND SAFETY
1. INCREASE IN NUMBER OF:
ACCIDENTS
INJURIES
DEATHS
2. LIABLE TO BE SUED BY:
Employees / General public.
3. Bad for public image.
4. Reduction in efficiency.
5. Prosecution by enforcing authority.
6. It cost’s the employer time and money

5. BENEFITS OF GOOD STANDARDS
OF HEALTH & SAFETY
DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF:
Accidents
Injuries
Fatalities
LESS LIKELY TO BE SUED BY:
Employees.
General public.
STAFF MORALE
Staff morale higher,
Lower absenteeism.
STAFF PRODUCTIVITY HIGHER
Hence company more profitable.

6. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
A disease or illness brought about by
work.
The most common Occupational'
illnesses are:
Back Injuries
Stress
Loss of Hearing
Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
The least common
Occupational' illnesses are:
Asbestosis
Silicosis (caused by slate dust)

7. RISK ASSESSMENTS
The Purpose :
Allows the employer to
highlight the things that are
likely to cause injuries so that
the risk of them occurring can
be reduced.

8. PROCESS OF RISK ASSESSMENT
IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS
(things that have the potential to cause harm)
ASSESS THE RISK
Likelihood of it occurring
The seriousness of the injuries
Number of people involved
REDUCE THE RISK

10. WHAT IS
AN
ACCIDENT?
quot;An unplanned and uncontrolled event which
has led to, or could have caused injury to
persons, damage to plant or other lossquot;.
WHAT IS AN
INJURY?
Personal damage or harm

11. PREVENTING ACCIDENTS
IDENTIFY HAZARDS
ASSESS RISK
(How likely, number of people involved & seriousness of injuries)
Low Risk Medium Risk High Risk
Remove
No action required Substitute with less hazardous
substances/methods
Provide Personal Protective
Equipment (P.P.E)

12. PURPOSE OF FIRST AID
To save life
Promote recovery
Limit effects of condition

13. HEALTH & Safety (FIRST AID)
REGULATIONS 1981
Require employees to provide.
First aid kits
First aiders / appointed persons
Records
First
Appointed First First Aid
Risk Aid
Person Aider Room
Boxes
Low
yes yes
(Office)
Yes if
High
yes yes
(Factory) Over 400 staff

14. FIRST AID BOXES
To contain:
•Plasters
•Eye pad
•Triangular bandages
•Medium, large, extra large sterile unmedicated
dressings
•Sterile covering Safety pins
•Sterile Gloves (preferably
none latex and powder free)
ALL employees should be aware of where the first Aid facilities are

15. APPOINTED PERSON:
Trained on an approved first aid course (St. John's
Ambulance or British Red Cross) lasts 1 day
FIRST AlDERS:
Trained on an approved course for 4 days
Remember:
Certificates run out after 3 years
AS MANY EMPLOYEES AS POSSIBLE SHOULD BE
TRAINED IN FIRST AID

16. FIRST AID ADMINISTRATION
RECORDS
FIRST AlDERS
WHO is trained?
WHEN were they trained?
WHEN are they due for re-training?
PATIENTS
WHO required treatment?
WHEN was treatment given?
WHY was the patient treated?
WHAT materials were used?

17. ACCIDENT BOOK
After an accident has occurred details
should be entered in the accident book
PURPOSE OF ACCIDENT BOOK
To allow the cause(s) of accidents to be identified so that
injuries can be prevented.
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS
OBJECTIVES:
Find cause
Identify remedial action.

18. HOW TO FILL IN THE ACCIDENT BOOK
William Quack Quack
John Jones Seiont Training Moving computer from Barclays training
21/10/03
22/10/03
1 Duck Pond Avenue Room Gwynedd
3 Duck Pond Avenue room to Seiont training room, tripped over
10:30 AM
Swan Hill Training Unit 1i
Swan Hill cable and dropped computer on left foot,
Cibyn Industrial badly bruised left toe
Estate
Caernarfon

19. Reporting Of Injuries, Diseases &
Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
'95 (RIDDOR)
Injury
Broken bone Death Loss Off work for more than 3
of eyesight working days
Immediately Within 10 days
Phone/Fax your
Enforcing Authority
Send form 2508 to your
Enforcing Authority

20. Disease
If a Doctor notifies an employer that an employee suffers from a reportable
work-related disease then he must send a completed disease report form
(F2508A) to the enforcing authority.
A Summary of reportable diseases
•Certain Poisonings
•Some skin diseases such as occupational dermatitis and skin cancer
•Lung diseases including: Occupational asthma and farmers lung
•Infections such as: Hepatitis and legionellosis
•Other conditions such as: Occupational cancer, decompression illness
and Hand-Arm vibration syndrome

21. COMMON HAZARDS-STRUCTURE
FLOOR
• Trip hazards
• Slippery
• Change in height
WALLS
• Protruding items
• Defective electrical fittings
• Objects falling off

22. COMMON HAZARDS-STRUCTURE
CEILING
• Collapsing
• Light fittings insecure.

23. COMMON HAZARDS - STRUCTURE
WINDOWS
• Broken glass
• Opening into passageways.
• Dirty
• No safe way to clean
DOORS
• Fire door left open
• Handles broken
• No glass panel in 2 way doors
• Opens into passageways

24. NEED AND STANDARDS FOR
LIGHTING:
NEED
clear vision, reduce eye
strain, fatigue and accidents
STANDARD
‘Suitable & sufficient'
Office 400 lux,
dangerous machines 500 lux.
What is lux? Lux is the international standard to measure
light. 0 lux = darkness 1 lux = 1 candle power.

25. NEED AND STANDARDS FOR
HEATING:
NEED
comfort, loss of touch if too cold,
poor productivity if too hot/cold
STANDARD TEMPERATURE
Minimum - 16°C

26. NEED AND STANDARDS FOR
VENTILATION:
NEED
Comfort, reduces drowsiness,
headaches and removes
smoke, fumes etc.
STANDARD
Must be 'effective
and suitable' can be
mechanical or natural

27. SMOKING
EFFECTS OF DIRECT SMOKING
Cancer of the lungs / body
Shortage of breath
Poor lung function
Deep coughing
PASSIVE SMOKING:
Inhaling other people's smoke.
Effects include:
Cancer of lung / body
EMPLOYERS ACTION:
Must make arrangements to prevent non-smokers suffering from
passive smoking.
e. g. a no smoking policy

28. EFFECTS OF ELECTROCUTION
EFFECTS:
1. ELECTRICAL SHOCK
Jolt
Asphyxiation (suffocation)
Heart attacks
2. ELECTRICAL BURNS
Internal
External

29. ELECTROCUTION:
HOW TO DEAL WITH IT
TREATMENT:
1. Switch off power.
2. Unless wearing rubber soled shoes - obtain lino,
wood or rubber to stand on.
3. Disconnect appliance.
4. Push casualty clear using non conductive item
e.g.wooden broom/chair.
5. Place casualty into recovery position and call first aider

30. COMMON HAZARDS WITH
ELECTRICAL FITTINGS
FUSE BOXES
Missing covers
Items being stored on or around them
Absence of safety signs
SOCKETS
Cracked/broken
Overloaded
Loose
Near water source

31. COMMON HAZARDS WITH
ELECTRICAL FITTINGS
PLUGS
Cracked/broken
Cord not gripped inside plug
Two appliances wired through one plug
CABLES/EXTENSION LEADS
Cords gashed/damaged
Not unwound fully
Trip hazards

32. REMEMBER WATER AND ELECTRICITY DO NOT MIX

33. Wiring A Plug