The document summarizes information about steel, including its composition, production processes, classifications, properties, and identification systems. It discusses the various types of carbon steels and alloy steels, as well as tool steels, stainless steels, and provides information on steel alloying ingredients and their effects. It also outlines classification systems for steels such as AISI-SAE steel designation.

1. University of Cebu-LM A.C. Cortez Avenue, Looc, Mandaue City College of Allied Engineering (Electronics Engineering) Report in Materials Engineering (ECE 121) Instructor Mr. Joseph Manbert Mendez

2. STEEL

12. Tool Steel : Water-hardened W Tungsten high-speed T Shock-resisting S Mold P Oil-hardened, cold work O Molybdenum high speed M Special purpose L Hot-work H High-carbon, high-chromium D Air-hardened, medium alloy, cold-work A Description PREFIX / Group

25. Steel Identification Letters prefixes and suffixes in steel identification Steel with lead additions to aid machinability xxLxx Steel with boron as an alloying element xxBxx Meaning OTHER LETTERS Steel will meet certain hardenability requirements H Meaning Suffix Composition varies from normal limits X Made in an electric furnace E Meaning Prefix

27. 2. Alloy steel a. Manganese b. Nickel Manganese 1.00% 15xx Manganese 1.75% 13xx Major Constituents Series Nickel 5.00% 25xx Nickel 3.50% 23xx Major Constituents Series

28. c. Nickel-chromium d. Molybdenum Major Constituents Series Nickel 3.50%, Chromium 1.55% 33xx Nickel 1.25%, Chromium 0.65% or 0.8% 31xx Major Constituents Series Nickel 3.50%, molybdenum 0.25% 48xx Nickel 1.80%, molybdenum 0.25% 46xx Nickel 1.80%, Chromium 0.5 to 0.8%, molybdenum 0.25% 43xx Chromium 0.5 to 0.95%, molybdenum 0.12 to 0.20% 41xx Molybdenum 0.25% 40xx

29. e. Chromium f. Chromium - Vanadium Major Constituents Series Chromium 1.45% 52xxx Chromium 0.80, 0.88, 0.93, 0.95 or 1.00% 51xx Chromium 0.38 or 0.40% 50xx Major Constituents Series Chromium 0.80 or 0.95 %, vanadium 0.10 or 0.15 min. 61xx

30. g. Multiple Alloy Major Constituents Series Nickel 0.45%, chromium 0.40%, molybdenum 0.12% 94Bxx Manganese 1.00%, nickel 0.45%, chromium .40%, molybdenum 0.12% 93xx Silicon 2.00% or 1.40% and chromium 0.7% 92xx Nickel 0.55%, chromium 0.50%, molybdenum 0.25% 87xx Nickel 0.55%, chromium 0.50%, molybdenum 0.20% 86xx

31. 3. Heat and Corrosion- Resistant Steels Major Constituents Series Chromium (low chromium, heat-resistance) 5xx Chromium (generally not hardenable, ferritic, magnetic 4xx Chromium (hardenable, martenistic, magnetic) 4xx Chromium-nickel (nonhardenable, austenitic, nonmagnetic) 3xx Chromium-nickel-manganese (nonhardenable, austenitic, nonmagnetic) 2xx