The document discusses the principles of design including balance, harmony, emphasis, proportion, movement, variety, and economy. It defines each principle and provides examples from artworks to illustrate how artists apply these principles to achieve unity and organize the visual elements in their compositions.

1. The Principles of Design Balance, Economy, Dominance, Proportion, Movement, Harmony, Variety The concepts that are used to organize the elements of art 0

2. " The task of artists is to organize elements into a comprehensible whole by simplifying, organizing, and unifying ." - Kenneth Bates

6. LEONARDO DA VINCI. Proportion of the Human Figure (after Vitruvius) (c. 1485–1490) Pen and ink. 13 ” x 10”

8. POLYKLEITOS. Spear Bearer ( Doryphoros ) (c. 450–440 BCE). Roman copy after bronze Greek original. Marble. 6 ’ 6 ” The Weight-shift (Contrapposto) asymmetrical, naturalistic, relaxed stance.

9. DEBORAH BUTTERFIELD. Verde (1990). Found steel. 79 ” x 108 ” x 31 ”

11. The United States Capitol Building, Washington, DC. Formal or Bilateral Symmetry

13. VAN GOGH . Starry Night (c. 1890 ) oil on canvas

15. CHUCK CLOSE. Lucas II (1987). Oil on canvas. 36 ” x 30 ”

16. Radial balance - design elements radiate from a center point. (Frequently used in ceramics, jewelry, basketry, stained glass, and other crafts.)

17. ALI MUHAMMAD KASHIGAR ISFAHANI. Iranian tabletop (1887). Nine separate tiles. Table diament, 136 cm.

19. ROBERT CAPA. Death of a Loyalist Soldier (September 5, 1936). Gelatin silver print.

22. Conceptual Unity EMMA AMOS. Measuring Measuring (1995). Acrylic on linen , African fabric, laser-transfer photographs. 84 ” x 70 ”

24. ANDY WARHOL. Ethel Scull Thirty-Six Times (1963). Synthetic polymer paint silkscreen on canvas. 79” x 143 “ Variety within Harmony

26. ARCHIBALD J. MOTLEY JR. Saturday Night (1935). Oil on canvas Variety

29. Piero della Francesca, Madonna of Mercy (center panel of triptych), 1445–55. Oil and tempera on wood,

30. Poteet Victory. Symbols of Manifest Destiny (1999). oil and mixed media on canvas. 60” x 40” Isolation

32. EMPHASIS Rembrandt Anatomy Lesson oil on canvas

33. EMPHASIS GOYA Third of May, 1808 oil on canvas

34. PABLO PICASSO. Family of Saltimbanques (1905). Oil on Canvas. 83” x 90” Isolation

35. EDGAR DEGAS. Woman Leaning near a Vase of Flowers (1865). Oil on canvas. 29 ” x 36 1⁄2 ”

36. OSKAR SCHLEMMER. Bauhaus Stairway (1932). Oil on canvas. 63 7⁄8 ” x 45 ” . Use of color and directional lines to create emphasis and movement

38. Principles of Design > Harmony > PATTERN The systematic repetition of a motif. Motif is an element or a combination of elements that is repeated to create a pattern. There is power in pattern and impact in the variation on that pattern.

39. Pattern in Nature

40. Radial Pattern

44. POLYKLEITOS. Spear Bearer ( Doryphoros ) (c. 450–440 BCE). Roman copy after bronze Greek original. Marble. 6 ’ 6 ” Canon of Proportions “ Ideal” = 8 heads

45. Violating the Canon for Expressive Purposes ALICE NEEL. The Family (John Gruen, Jane Wilson and Julia) (1970). Oil on canvas. 4 ’ 11 7⁄8 ” x 5 ’ .

46. Golden Rectangle Golden Curve 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 54, 88 . . .

47. The east facade of the Parthenon, superimposed with a root five rectangle. When we do not consider the gable (which is absent in this photograph), the facade of the Parthenon is a root five rectangle.

48. Root Five Rectangle length is 2.236 (the square root of five) times its width

49. The Fall of Man and the Expulsion from the Garden of Eden (1508–1512). Detail: Sistine Chapel ceiling. Fresco.

51. Scale Hokusai. The Great Wave color wood-cut

52. COUNT DE MONTIZON. The Hippopotamus at the Zoological Gardens, Regent’s Park (1852). Salted-paper print.

53. Scale Winslow Homer. Morning Bell. oil on canvas

56. Claes Oldenburg: Clothespins, Baseball Bats, and Other Monuments 0

58. Brancusi. The Kiss 1912

59. Milton Avery. Seated Blonde oil on canvas, 1946

60. Barnett Newman. Covenant oil on canvas 1949

62. Components of Art Unity Order/Oneness Subject Form Content Principles of Design Harmony Emphasis Proportion Balance Economy Rhythm Variety Elements of Art Value Color Line Shape Texture Mass

63. “ He searched disorder for its unifying principles.” – Brian O’Doherty on Stuart Davis 0