2. Agenda
Background
Purpose
Six Thinking Hats & Activities
Group Exercise
3. Background
Group Decision Making or Thinking Model
Created by Dr. Edward De Bono
Author
Expert
Speaker
Professor (Harvard, Cambridge, Oxford)
Premise of Model:
Look at problem from the same thinking perspective -
parallel thinking.
Hats can be taken on and off - implies flexibility.
Address common pitfalls of group decision making.
4. My Hat it Has 4 Corners!
What is What is What is What is
your view your view your view your view
from here? from here? from here? from here?
Parallel Thinking brings us to one window
where together, we can see much more!
6. What’s Under the Hat?
Time Saving
Removal of Ego
One Thing at a Time
Gives Each Part of the Process Its Due
Aligns Thinking Process
Allows for role-playing
7. What the Hats Are Not
They are not categories of people;
everyone can use all the hats
The are not a thinking description, but a
thinking direction
They are not right or wrong
8. The 6 Hats
White: Information Red: Intuitive
Black: Judgment Yellow: Benefits
Green: Creative Blue: Organizing
9. Review - Off the Hat Rack
Blue: Organizing
White: Information
Red: Intuitive
Yellow: Benefits
Green: Creative
Black: Judgment
10. How to Pull a Bunny from a
Hat
Use any hat as often as needed
Not necessary to use every hat
Generally time under each hat should be
short
Requires discipline, i.e. people must play
along
11. What Hat Should I Wear
Today?
The order you used the
hats (sequencing) is critical
to their effective use; it can
be preset or evolving
The blue hat should be
used to help orchestrate the
use of the other hats
Look at the qualities of the
hat and the nature of the
decision to dictate sequence
12. How the 7C’s Can Use the 6
Hats
Thinking is messy, it ebbs and
flows in different directions; people
are not always aware of their
thought processes
Six Thinking Hats uses parallel
thinking to simplify the process of
collaboration, keeps arguments at
bay (Controversy with Civility) and
moves groups toward their
common purpose
This afternoon you will have a
chance to put the 6 Thinking
Hats into practice
Dr. Edward de Bono wrote 6 Thinking Hats in 1985. It is an international best seller that lays out one of his most well known creative thinking techniques. De Bono found that group decision making processes are often not effective for a variety of reasons. He found that people were thinking differently in the way that they approached the decisions. And that these different types of thinking at the same time were distracting from, not contributing to group success. In the typical decision making process Pros and Cons are exchanged back and forth in debate style. While some try to offer new ideas or bring new information in, others are dropping negative comments and feelings against every offer. We have all experienced the 15 minute meeting that has lasted 2 hours because of the lack of focus and scattered way the conversations spin. In de Bono’s mind, typical group decision making was unorganized thinking and he began to think about how group’s could be encouraged to think together as they made decisions. The 6 Thinking Hats are a facilitated discussion process where everyone looks at the decision using different thinking perspectives at the same time. The idea is not that everyone has to think the same, but that a good group organizes thinking collectively. It is about thinking the same direction, not the same way. It is less confusing and more organized than unstructured decision making. Thinking itself is not about making a position for one approach or decision, but at looking at a decision from every angle. This is a process known as parallel thinking. Many times we may have a common purpose, but our thinking in not in sync. This makes us feel opposed, even when we are together. Parallel thinking encourages meeting participants to line up side by side to look at an issue from the same direction. This collaboration allows greater breadth and depth of thinking, while dramatically reducing the need for debate and disagreement. Once the team is finished looking at the issues from one direction, they shift to look at if from another - again with everyone viewing from the same angle. The idea is to use this thinking method to collaborate better, bridge difference civilly and reach your common purpose. Can be used for problem solving, running meetings, planning and much more…. The wearing of the hat is metaphorical. At any one time, everyone will wear the same color, in other words, look at the problem from a certain thinking perspective. The idea is to wear one hat at a time to keep the group on a parallel thinking track.
Imagine looking at the outside world from a square room with windows in all four walls. If each member of the team was looking out a different window they would each get a different view of the world outside. Then if they tried to describe what they saw, the potential for disagreement is high. If instead the team all looks out the first window together and describes what they see, each might see things the others don't but they would soon see much more as a group. If they then looked out each of the other windows, together and one at a time, the team would get a much deeper appreciation of what they see, and would have done it together more efficiently.
Imagine looking at the outside world from a square room with windows in all four walls. If each member of the team was looking out a different window they would each get a different view of the world outside. Then if they tried to describe what they saw, the potential for disagreement is high. If instead the team all looks out the first window together and describes what they see, each might see things the others don't but they would soon see much more as a group. If they then looked out each of the other windows, together and one at a time, the team would get a much deeper appreciation of what they see, and would have done it together more efficiently.
Time Saving: Cut meeting time by focusing group thinking. Removal of Ego: Improves communication and provides a common language for thinking. Uses more of our brains and removes attachment to thought which can reduce confrontation. People can feel ownership over ideas, but the thinking process itself is ownerless. One Thing at a time: Confusion is the biggest enemy of good thinking. Clears thinking process and a good way to switch gears. Gives each process its due: I.e. provides for diversity of thought and values the diversity of our thinking process. Aligns Thinking Process: with six hats, the intelligence, experience and knowledge of all members of the group are fully used. Everyone is looking and working in the same direction. Allows for Role-playing: People have permission to think in other ways. It helps them work against type or preference. Now they are free to take on each part of the thinking process when it comes to a decision.
What the hats are not: They are not a thinking description, but a thinking direction. They are not categories of people. Everyone can and should use all hats. They are not right or wrong,each hat is valuable in our thinking through an issue at some stage.
Parallel thinking has many advantages over standard argument based thinking, including enhanced creativity. If by using parallel thinking an individual or team can see something new, something they otherwise would have missed seeing, the opportunity to explore new pathways is increased, and so is the potential to find new creative solutions.