2.
Alternative –Instead of speech
Augmentative-as well as speech
Low tech –Pictures, signs etc
Hi Tech –A range of electronic aids
Choice will depend on the individual’s level of both
physical and mental ability, and on the environment
they are in.
Alternative and Augmentative
Communication Systems
5.
• Those with limited physical control –
• For example –Cerebral palsy, paralyisis,
hemiplegia, facial anomalies
• Hearing Impairment
• Specific Language Disorders
• Learning Disabilities –e.g: Downs Syndrome,
Severe developmental delay etc
• Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Who will use these systems?
6.
• Makaton
• Signalong
• British Sign Language (BSL)
• Paget Gorman
• Amerind
• Langue des signes Quebecoise
• Gestuno (World Federation of the Deaf)
Signing Systems
7.
Used with people with Learning Disabilities who
cannot access other systems
‘Real’ Objects used initially
Used to let them know what will happen
And for them to communicate with us
May be a step towards a more symbolic system
Objects of Reference
8.
Large photos of actual objects
Smaller actual photos
Coloured pictures
Black and white pictures
Symbols (Makaton, Signalong, Mayer-Johnstone,
Boardmaker, Widget)
Written words with pictures
Visual Pictorial Systems
9. Makaton Symbols
These are produced
by the same body as
the sign system and
consist of a set of
black and white line
drawings.
WIGIT software can
be used
10. Mayer Johnson Symbols
These consist of a set of
black and white line
drawings. They are
more pictorial than
makaton.
They were developed in
the 1980’s in the USA
11/04/15
11.
• To let the child know:-
• What they have to do
• How long to do it for
• When will it be finished
• How will they know it’s finished
• What will happen next
• To reduce anxiety and enable independence
Visual Timetables
12.
For children at a pre-intentional and pre-verbal level
of communication
Teaches Cause and Effect
Means you have to make contact
Starts at a one word level
Uses motivating items
Can build up to phrases if appropriate
Picture Exchange
Communication System (PECS)
13.
For a range of abilities
Create messages for individual needs
Mostly portable
Enable the child to develop communication skills
Enable child to communicate independently
Cardiff Research Project
Hi Tech Communication
Aids
