Business and translation pedagogy salhi3

The First International Conference on:
«Translation and
Interpretation
in a Multilingual
Context»
(ICTI_THAILAND 2010)
The Imperial Queen’s Park Hotel, Bangkok
1-3 November 2010
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

University of Carthage, Tunisia
http://translationinfo.webs.com http://www.freewebs.com/hsalhiICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Impacts of Business
Investments on
Translation Pedagogy
Case Study: the Translation
Classroom in Tunisia
Hammouda Salhi
University of Carthage, Tunisia
hammouda_s@hotmail.com
Slide 4http://translationinfo.webs.com
http://www.freewebs.com/hsalhi
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

‫على‬ ‫قائمة‬ ‫صناعة‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫والورق‬ ‫احلرب‬ ‫تعتمد‬ ‫حرفة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫على‬ ‫أت‬‫ر‬‫ط‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫ات‬‫ري‬‫التغ‬
‫التكنولوجيا‬
Ink-based Craft Technology-based industry
Towards technolgy
The world of Translation before The world of translation now
Towards the Market
The change: From an Ink-based craft
to a technology-based industry
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Aims ‫األهداف‬
 To try to build on the statistics
available in the business arena to
come up with solid predictions on
the challenges that the translation
industry in Tunisia will face
o‫الت‬ ‫اف‬‫ر‬‫استش‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬ ‫االقتصادي‬ ‫القطاع‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املتوفرة‬ ‫اإلحصائيات‬ ‫من‬ ‫االستفادة‬‫اليت‬ ‫حديات‬
‫تونس‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫صناعة‬ ‫تواجه‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ميكن‬
 To briefly outline the experience of
Arabic translation at the United
Nations as an opportunity available
for academic institutions
o‫املتا‬ ‫الفرص‬ ‫كإحدى‬‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫منظومة‬ ‫يف‬ ‫بية‬‫ر‬‫الع‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫بة‬‫ر‬‫جت‬ ‫اض‬‫ر‬‫استع‬‫للمؤسسات‬ ‫حة‬
‫اجلامعية‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Presentation structure
‫العرض‬ ‫حماور‬
 Giving An idea on the heavy direct
investments in Tunisia
o‫يتم‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫الضخمة‬ ‫املباشرة‬ ‫األجنبية‬ ‫ات‬‫ر‬‫االستثما‬ ‫عن‬ ‫فكرة‬ ‫تقدمي‬‫بتونس‬ ‫تنفيذها‬
 Investigating the challenges that lie
ahead
o‫تواجهنا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ميكن‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫التحديات‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الكشف‬
 Drawing attention to the significance
of the School of the United Nations
o‫حتظى‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫األمهية‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫التنبيه‬‫هبا‬‫املض‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫مدرسة‬‫مار‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

‫الرتمجة‬ ‫وصناعة‬ ‫االقتصادي‬ ‫القطاع‬ ‫بني‬ ‫القائمة‬ ‫الوطيدة‬ ‫العالقة‬
Source: Lynne Bowker (2004) “What does it take to work in the translation profession in Canada in the 21st century?
Exploring a database of job advertisements” Meta
The close link between
the business sector and
the translation industry
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Translation needs big
business to be a big
business: DFI in Tunisia
‫ائجة‬‫ر‬ ‫جتارة‬ ‫لتكون‬ ‫مزدهرة‬ ‫جتارة‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫حتتاج‬ ‫الرتمجة‬
 General Statistics
o‫عامة‬ ‫إحصائيات‬
 The Mediterranean Gate project
o‫املتوسط‬ ‫بوابة‬ ‫مشروع‬
 A Transition period the
translation industry is witnessing
in Tunisia
o‫تونس‬ ‫يف‬ ‫اآلن‬ ‫انتقالية‬ ‫بفرتة‬ ‫متر‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫صناعة‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

DFI in Tunisia booming:
General Statistics
‫عامة‬ ‫إحصائيات‬
Foreign direct investments (FDI's) have
reached 1.7 billion US dollar during the
first 11 months of 2008, according to a
report published by the Foreign
Investment Promotion Agency (FIPA).
o‫لقد‬‫بلغت‬‫قيمة‬‫ات‬‫ر‬‫االستثما‬‫األجنبية‬‫املباشرة‬2.4‫مليار‬‫دينار‬‫تونسي‬‫خالل‬‫سنة‬2008،
‫باستثناء‬‫شهر‬‫ديسمرب‬.
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

The Mediterranean Gateway
project: The dawn of a thriving
translation Industry
o‫املتوسط‬ ‫بوابة‬ ‫مشروع‬:‫مزدهرة‬ ‫ترمجة‬ ‫لصناعة‬ ‫جديد‬ ‫فجر‬
 Investment of about 25 billion dollars
o‫بقيمة‬ ‫ات‬‫ر‬‫استثما‬25‫يكي‬‫ر‬‫أم‬ ‫دوالر‬ ‫بليون‬
 Over a 830 hectare area south of the
Tunis lake.
o‫على‬ ‫بو‬‫ر‬‫ي‬ ‫ما‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫على‬ ‫متتد‬830‫هكتار‬
 0,5% of additional economic growth until
2014,
o‫يقدر‬ ‫إضايف‬ ‫اقتصادي‬ ‫منو‬ ‫حتقيق‬‫ب‬0.5%‫سنة‬ ‫حلول‬ ‫مع‬2014
 350,000 jobs.
o‫حوايل‬ ‫خلق‬000350‫شغل‬ ‫موطن‬(‫بالرتمج‬ ‫الصلة‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫املناصب‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫يف‬ ‫مبا‬‫ة‬)
http://translationinfo.webs.com
Slide 11ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Pictures of Mediterranean
Gate ‫منه‬ ‫االنتهاء‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫املشروع‬ ‫صور‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand
Gate ‫منه‬ ‫االنتهاء‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫املشروع‬ ‫صور‬

Gate (At night)
‫منه‬ ‫االنتهاء‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫املشروع‬ ‫صور‬(‫يف‬ ‫ستبدو‬ ‫كما‬‫تونس‬
‫الليل‬)
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

So what does this
mean?
 Several factors and signs:
o‫تونس‬ ‫يف‬ ‫مزدهرة‬ ‫صناعة‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ستجعل‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫ات‬‫ر‬‫واملؤش‬ ‫العوامل‬
 New kinds of documentation with increased quantities
 International trade and globalization of markets
requiring to provide documents in multiple languages
(not only in French and Arabic)
 Increased travel, in the form of tourism, business trips
and conferences, which will have good impacts on the
interpretation market
 Mobility of people, increasing demand for translation
and interpretation
 The expansion of new technologies, applications and
processes affecting terminology in particular
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Market challenges
‫السوق‬ ‫حتديات‬
 More demand for specialized translators
o‫املختصة‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫من‬ ‫يد‬‫ز‬‫م‬
 Literary translation
o‫األدبية‬ ‫الرتمجة‬
 More knowledge of technological tools is
required
o‫يستطيعون‬ ‫الذين‬ ‫املرتمجني‬ ‫على‬ ‫ايد‬‫ز‬‫مت‬ ‫طلب‬“‫جواد‬ ‫صهوة‬ ‫امتطاء‬‫التكنولوجيا‬"
 Higher level of qualifications
and experience
o‫انتداب‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املهنية‬ ‫واخلربة‬ ‫العلمية‬ ‫الكفاءة‬ ‫على‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫التشديد‬‫ال‬‫امجة‬‫رت‬‫واملرتمجني‬
 The APG
o‫السوق‬ ‫وحاجة‬ ‫يب‬‫ر‬‫التد‬ ‫واقع‬ ‫بني‬ ‫السحيقة‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫اهلو‬
 The teleworking mode
o‫بعد‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫يقة‬‫ر‬‫ط‬
Bangkok, Thailand

Available Opprtunities
‫املتاحة‬ ‫الفرص‬
 The way: to The school of the
United Nations: a good
example to follow
o‫يق‬‫ر‬‫الط‬:‫مثال‬ ،‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫مدرسة‬‫حيتذى‬‫به‬
 The resource: Corpora in the
translation classroom
o‫املصدر‬:‫املدونات‬
 The tool: Technology
o‫األداة‬:‫التكنولوجيا‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

The school of the United
Nations: ‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫مدرسة‬
 Characteristics of translation at the
United Nations
o‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫داخل‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫خصائص‬
 Multilingualism
o‫اللغات‬ ‫تعدد‬
 Governed by a set of Norms
o‫صارمة‬ ‫مقاييس‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫حتتكم‬
 Well organized
o‫بعناية‬ ‫منظمة‬
 Developed and up to date style of
writing
o‫متطورة‬ ‫كتابة‬‫نوعية‬‫وحمينة‬(‫حمدثة‬)
 Specialized
o‫خمتصة‬ ‫ترمجة‬
Bangkok, Thailand

Arabic Translation at the
United Nations
‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫داخل‬ ‫بية‬‫ر‬‫الع‬ ‫الرتمجة‬
 Major historical events
o‫التارخيية‬ ‫األحداث‬ ‫أهم‬
 1968: UNESCO started operating in Arabic
 1973: Arabic became the sixth official language
of the United Nations
 1982: Arabic became a working language at the
security Council
 General characteristics of an Arabic
Translator at the UN (P3 or P4)
o‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫داخل‬ ‫العريب‬ ‫املرتجم‬ ‫خصائص‬ ‫أهم‬
 Solid writing and analytical skills
 high standards of accuracy
 Advanced university degree
 At least 5-7 years of experience,
 Familiarity with developed computer software
Bangkok, Thailand

Corpora of the United Nations
in the translation classroom
‫الرتمجة‬ ‫درس‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫مدونات‬ ‫استخدام‬
 Advantages of corpora in the
translation classroom
o‫الرتمج‬ ‫درس‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ية‬‫ز‬‫املوا‬ ‫املدونات‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫ايا‬‫ز‬‫م‬‫ة‬
 The EAPCOUNT
o‫مدونة‬EAPCOUNT
Bangkok, Thailand

The EAPCOUNT :
Characteristics
 The English-Arabic Parallel Corpus Of United Nations Texts
 261 texts aligned on a paragraph basis, and 7.3 million tokens
 Consists mainly, but not exclusively, of resolutions and annual
reports issued by different UN organizations and institutions
 Time-frame of about 14 years (1996 – 2009): 93.87% of the
texts were produced over a period of 9 years, namely from 2001
to 2009
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

The EAPCOUNT :
A source of reliable data
 A good style of writing to follow
 Help make sound and confident decisions on the translation
of some lexical items and terms, e.g.
 ‘liability’ (27 occurances) Vs ‘responsibility’ (308 occurances)
 …namely whether liability for commission of a crime as a participant
in a joint criminal enterprise….
...‫كانت‬‫إذا‬ ‫ما‬ ‫معرفة‬ ‫أي‬‫مسؤولية‬‫مشرتك‬ ‫امي‬‫ر‬‫إج‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫يف‬ ‫كمشارك‬‫مية‬‫ر‬‫ج‬ ‫تكاب‬‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الشخص‬...
 Lebanon indicated that a committee had been established to
consider amending the juvenile justice laws, including raising the
age of criminal responsibility.
‫أشار‬‫لبنان‬‫إىل‬‫أنه‬‫مت‬‫إنشاء‬‫جلنة‬‫للنظر‬‫يف‬‫تعديل‬‫قوانني‬‫قضاء‬‫األحداث‬،‫مبا‬‫يشمل‬‫رفع‬‫سن‬‫امل‬‫سؤولية‬‫اجلنائية‬.
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

The EAPCOUNT : A
source of reliable data
 ‘boundary’ (19 occurances) Vs ‘frontier (16 occurances)
 With the assistance of a United Nations boundary
delimitation expert, the Commission also completed the
demarcation of 394 wards for the elections.
‫ومبساعدة‬‫من‬‫خبري‬‫األمم‬‫املتحدة‬‫لتعيني‬‫احلدود‬،‫متكنت‬‫اللجنة‬‫أيضا‬‫من‬‫اهناء‬‫ترسيم‬٣٩٤‫دائرة‬
‫لالنتخابات‬.
 Chad also accused the Sudanese air force of bombing the
towns of Bahai, Tine, Karyare and Bamina along its
eastern frontier, an accusation denied by the
Government of the Sudan.
‫و‬‫اهتمت‬‫تشاد‬‫كذلك‬‫القوات‬‫اجلوية‬‫السودانية‬‫بقصف‬‫بلدات‬‫اي‬‫وتيين‬‫كاري‬‫و‬‫ياري‬‫وبامينا‬‫على‬‫طول‬
‫حدودها‬‫الشرقية‬،‫وهو‬‫اال‬‫ام‬‫الذي‬‫نفته‬‫احلكومة‬‫السودانية‬.
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand
Slide 29

The EAPCOUNT : A
source of reliable data
 Have consistent renderings of nearly- synonymous items,
e.g.
 Some of the commonly used preambulatory phrases
 Acknowledging ‫يقر‬ ‫إذ‬ Vs Affirming ‫كد‬‫يؤ‬ ‫إذ‬
 Aware ‫يدرك‬ ‫إذ‬Vs Bearing in mind ‫اعتباره‬ ‫يف‬ ‫يضع‬ ‫إذ‬
 ...adopted ‫املتخذ‬Vs ...approved ‫باملوافقة‬ ‫حظي‬
 Some of the commonly used operative phrases
 Accepts ‫يقبل‬ Vs endorses ‫يقر‬
 Calls upon ‫يهيب‬‫ب‬ Vs urges ‫حيث‬
 Expresses its appreciation ‫تقديره‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعرب‬ Vs
Expresses its thanks ‫شكره‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعرب‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Limitation of the paper
‫البحث‬ ‫حدود‬
It is investing much of its
arguments in a future context
o‫مستقبلية‬ ‫أوضاع‬ ‫على‬ ‫نتائجه‬ ‫يبين‬
ICTI_THAILAND 2010
Bangkok, Thailand

Final Message
‫الكالم‬ ‫آخر‬
It is true that the Gates of the
Mediterranean are now widely opened
to businessmen, but some other gates
still need to be opened to translation
students not only to the Mediterranean
space but also to the United
Nations….! If I claim to know some of
what should be done, the market knows
best ...!!
Thank You , ขอบคุณ
o‫اآلن‬ ‫اعيها‬‫ر‬‫مص‬ ‫على‬ ‫املتوسط‬ ‫بوابات‬ ‫تحت‬ُ‫ف‬ ‫لقد‬‫أمام‬
،‫األجانب‬ ‫ين‬‫ر‬‫املستثم‬
‫ع‬ ‫ليس‬ ‫الرتمجة‬ ‫طلبة‬ ‫أمام‬ ‫أخرى‬ ‫بوابات‬ ‫اآلن‬ ‫فلتفتح‬‫الفضاء‬ ‫لى‬
‫أيضا‬ ‫املتحدة‬ ‫األمم‬ ‫وعلى‬ ‫بل‬ ‫فحسب‬ ‫املتوسطي‬.‫ا‬‫ر‬‫وشك‬ http://translationinfo.webs.com
Bangkok, Thailand

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