Askep Komunitas

1. AREA KHUSUSAREA KHUSUS
KEPERAWATANKEPERAWATAN
KOMUNITASKOMUNITAS
KEPERAWATANKEPERAWATAN
KESEHATAN USILAKESEHATAN USILA

2. FACTS ABOUT ELDERLY
• Life expectancy and population trends
• Living patterns
• Retirement and income
• Health and Health care

3. ASSESSMENT OF OLDER
ADULTS
• General Assessment
– Biographical data
– Informant Identification
– Chief complaint
– History of present illness
– Past history
– Family history
– Psychosocial history
– Review of symptoms
– Functional capacity

4. • Common Health Problems
– Cardiovascular system
• CAD; angina
• CHF
• Arrhythmias
• Peripheral vascular disease
– Respiratory system
• COPD
• Asthma
• Penumonia
• TB
– Musculoskeletal system
• Osteoporosis
• Osteoarthritis
– Genitourinary tract
• Prostate condition

5. – Gastrointestinal tract
• Periodontal disease (gingivitis)
• Diverticulitis (diverticular disease)
• Constipation
– Endocrine system
• Diabetes
– Neurological system
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Parkinson’s disease
• Cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs)
– Sensory disorder
• Cataract
• Glaucoma
• Hearing loss
– Mental health
• Depression

6. PROMOTING FUNCTIONAL
INDEPENDENCE
• Focus  to the extent to which the individual
is able to complete normal instrumental ADL
• Areas targeted:
– Hearing deficits
– Vision deficits
– Cognitive impairment
– Depression
– Urinary incontinence

7. To Assess depression
• Feelings of sadness and anxiety
• Tiredness and lack of energy
• Loss of interest in everyday activities
• Sleep problems
• Problems with eating and weight
• Crying
• Difficulty focusing, remembering, and making
decision
• Feeling of helplessness
• Irritability
• Thoughts of deaths of suicide

8. HEALTH PROMOTION &
ILLNESS PREVENTION
• Preventive service guidelines
– Healthy People 2010 encourage providers to improve access
to primary care; to work to remove barriers to preventive
care; to provide clients with prescribe screening, counseling,
and immunization services
• Immunization recommendations
– Tetanus/diphtheria influenza
– Pneumococcal vaccine
– Hepatitis B
– Varicella
– Measles/mumps/rubella
– Hepatitis A

9. SAFETY CONCERN FOR
OLDER ADULTS
• FALLS  second leading cause of death from
injury for people aged 65 and older
• COMPLIANCE WITH MEDICATION 
impaired vision, hearing, memory lose,
complex drug regimen, inadequate
knowledge about drug use
• ELDER ABUSE neglect, physical injury,
exploitation  harm to an older adult

10. SUMMARY
• Nurse  should be educationally prepared to work with older
adults
• Nurses should be trained and equipped to manage care
appropriately, focusing special attention on health promotion
and illness prevention and recognizing the unique needs of this
population
- References
- McEwen, M., (2002). Community – Based Nursing, An
Introduction
- Stanhope and Lancaster (2003). Public and Community Health
nursing