SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 19
Y376 International Political Economy January 25, 2011
Pioneers of Trade Theory ,[object Object],[object Object]
Graphical Version of Ricardian Theory
Heckscher-Ohlin Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Let’s Play the Trade Ruler Game! ,[object Object]
History of U.S. Trade Policy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Figure 3-1. Average U.S. Tariff Rates on Dutiable Imports, 1821-2000, in Percentages Source: U.S. International Trade Commission; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,  Historical Statistics of the United States ; and  Statistical Abstract of the United States , various years.
Overall Tariff Levels and Trade/GNP, 1850-1990
Figure 3-2. Growth in World Exports, 1958-2006,  in Billions of Current Dollars Source: International Monetary Fund,  Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook   (various years).
Figure 3-3. Trade/GDP in the US, Britain, Germany, France, and Japan, 1960-2006, in Percentages Sources: World Bank,  World Development Indicators 2001 CD-ROM  (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2001): OECD.Stat,  http://stats.oecd.org/ .
Interregional Trade Flows, 1990
Main Rules of the GATT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A tariff is a tax that is charged on the value of imported goods.
Multilateral Trade Negotiations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Biggest tariff reductions occurred in the Kennedy Round. Tokyo Round began discussions of non-tariff barriers. Uruguay Round established the basis for the World Trade Organization.
Main Issues in the Tokyo Round ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example of a Subsidies Dispute: Airbus vs. Boeing This is a Boeing 777 This is an Airbus 300 Latest WTO ruling (video)
Main Issues in the Uruguay Round ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],French farmers  protesting the  Maastricht Treaty  inEurope.
Multilateral Trade Negotiations: The  Doha Round ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Pascal Lamy  calls time out on Doha Round in 2006
Main Issues  in the Doha Round ,[object Object],[object Object]
Main Issues in the Doha Round ,[object Object],[object Object]

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Global Technological Environment
Global Technological EnvironmentGlobal Technological Environment
Global Technological EnvironmentJoel Pais
 
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement.
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement. A comparative approach of National and International Procurement.
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement. Samir Aliyev
 
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegration
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegrationMarketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegration
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegrationjuanconderevuelta2
 
Regional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationRegional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationSumit Sinha
 
Trade creation & diversion notes
Trade creation & diversion notesTrade creation & diversion notes
Trade creation & diversion notesmattbentley34
 
Regional grouping
Regional groupingRegional grouping
Regional groupingajstyles25
 
Adam smith theory on International Trade
Adam smith theory on International TradeAdam smith theory on International Trade
Adam smith theory on International TradeAbhishek Badola
 
Absolute advantage theory
Absolute advantage theoryAbsolute advantage theory
Absolute advantage theoryVignesh bfsc
 
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONESCAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONESGeorge Dumitrache
 
Theory of absolute and comparative advantage
Theory of absolute and comparative advantageTheory of absolute and comparative advantage
Theory of absolute and comparative advantageOlabode Desire
 
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modifiedTrade theory modified
Trade theory modifiedUma Rungta
 
فلسطين اقتصاد
فلسطين اقتصادفلسطين اقتصاد
فلسطين اقتصادAmjad alhamouri
 
WK4 Regional Economic Integration
WK4  Regional  Economic  IntegrationWK4  Regional  Economic  Integration
WK4 Regional Economic IntegrationAjOb
 
7 eu & economic policy ch7 1415
7 eu & economic policy ch7 14157 eu & economic policy ch7 1415
7 eu & economic policy ch7 1415Taco Medema
 
Regional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationRegional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationKaran Sharma
 
Trade Barriers Notes
Trade Barriers NotesTrade Barriers Notes
Trade Barriers NotesJakeGreenLMS
 
Britain between the Wars
Britain between the WarsBritain between the Wars
Britain between the WarsNoel Hogan
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

History of Protectionism
History of ProtectionismHistory of Protectionism
History of Protectionism
 
Global Technological Environment
Global Technological EnvironmentGlobal Technological Environment
Global Technological Environment
 
Mercantilism
Mercantilism Mercantilism
Mercantilism
 
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement.
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement. A comparative approach of National and International Procurement.
A comparative approach of National and International Procurement.
 
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegration
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegrationMarketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegration
Marketing (oral)regional economic and politicalintegration
 
Regional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationRegional Economic Integration
Regional Economic Integration
 
Trade creation & diversion notes
Trade creation & diversion notesTrade creation & diversion notes
Trade creation & diversion notes
 
Kicking Away the Ladder -- the “Real” History of Free Trade
Kicking Away the Ladder -- the  “Real” History of Free TradeKicking Away the Ladder -- the  “Real” History of Free Trade
Kicking Away the Ladder -- the “Real” History of Free Trade
 
Regional grouping
Regional groupingRegional grouping
Regional grouping
 
Adam smith theory on International Trade
Adam smith theory on International TradeAdam smith theory on International Trade
Adam smith theory on International Trade
 
Absolute advantage theory
Absolute advantage theoryAbsolute advantage theory
Absolute advantage theory
 
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONESCAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - FREE TRADE ZONES AND EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
 
Theory of absolute and comparative advantage
Theory of absolute and comparative advantageTheory of absolute and comparative advantage
Theory of absolute and comparative advantage
 
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modifiedTrade theory modified
Trade theory modified
 
فلسطين اقتصاد
فلسطين اقتصادفلسطين اقتصاد
فلسطين اقتصاد
 
WK4 Regional Economic Integration
WK4  Regional  Economic  IntegrationWK4  Regional  Economic  Integration
WK4 Regional Economic Integration
 
7 eu & economic policy ch7 1415
7 eu & economic policy ch7 14157 eu & economic policy ch7 1415
7 eu & economic policy ch7 1415
 
Regional Economic Integration
Regional Economic IntegrationRegional Economic Integration
Regional Economic Integration
 
Trade Barriers Notes
Trade Barriers NotesTrade Barriers Notes
Trade Barriers Notes
 
Britain between the Wars
Britain between the WarsBritain between the Wars
Britain between the Wars
 

Destacado (20)

Ipe15
Ipe15Ipe15
Ipe15
 
Polinter04
Polinter04Polinter04
Polinter04
 
Polf08
Polf08Polf08
Polf08
 
Gradipe04
Gradipe04Gradipe04
Gradipe04
 
Ipe15
Ipe15Ipe15
Ipe15
 
Polf01
Polf01Polf01
Polf01
 
Polf07
Polf07Polf07
Polf07
 
Polinter01
Polinter01Polinter01
Polinter01
 
Polinter13
Polinter13Polinter13
Polinter13
 
Polinter07
Polinter07Polinter07
Polinter07
 
Ipe16
Ipe16Ipe16
Ipe16
 
Ipe04
Ipe04Ipe04
Ipe04
 
Gradipe08
Gradipe08Gradipe08
Gradipe08
 
Ipe19
Ipe19Ipe19
Ipe19
 
Gradipe09
Gradipe09Gradipe09
Gradipe09
 
Politics of competitiveness
Politics of competitivenessPolitics of competitiveness
Politics of competitiveness
 
Ipe04
Ipe04Ipe04
Ipe04
 
Ipe13
Ipe13Ipe13
Ipe13
 
Ipe12
Ipe12Ipe12
Ipe12
 
Ipe08
Ipe08Ipe08
Ipe08
 

Similar a Ipe05

Similar a Ipe05 (20)

Gradipe03
Gradipe03Gradipe03
Gradipe03
 
Wto 1 Nitin
Wto 1 NitinWto 1 Nitin
Wto 1 Nitin
 
Int 12
Int 12Int 12
Int 12
 
IBM Political Economy of Int Trade
IBM Political Economy of Int TradeIBM Political Economy of Int Trade
IBM Political Economy of Int Trade
 
Priyanka GATT
Priyanka GATTPriyanka GATT
Priyanka GATT
 
Lecture 3 Trade liberalization
Lecture 3   Trade liberalizationLecture 3   Trade liberalization
Lecture 3 Trade liberalization
 
Wto intro
Wto introWto intro
Wto intro
 
Ibm unit 2 international trade and investment
Ibm unit 2 international trade and investmentIbm unit 2 international trade and investment
Ibm unit 2 international trade and investment
 
history of trade policy
history of trade policyhistory of trade policy
history of trade policy
 
GATT Roundsmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.pptx
GATT Roundsmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.pptxGATT Roundsmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.pptx
GATT Roundsmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm.pptx
 
Global Governance's Trade Issues
Global Governance's Trade IssuesGlobal Governance's Trade Issues
Global Governance's Trade Issues
 
Ipe06
Ipe06Ipe06
Ipe06
 
POLIM3015 IPE Week 8 Lecture Intl Trade & WTO.pptx
POLIM3015 IPE Week 8 Lecture Intl Trade & WTO.pptxPOLIM3015 IPE Week 8 Lecture Intl Trade & WTO.pptx
POLIM3015 IPE Week 8 Lecture Intl Trade & WTO.pptx
 
Doha development agenda
Doha development agenda Doha development agenda
Doha development agenda
 
"Free" Trade without "Fair" Trade? -- how should the U.S. react to address ou...
"Free" Trade without "Fair" Trade? -- how should the U.S. react to address ou..."Free" Trade without "Fair" Trade? -- how should the U.S. react to address ou...
"Free" Trade without "Fair" Trade? -- how should the U.S. react to address ou...
 
Role of wto in marketing
Role of wto in marketingRole of wto in marketing
Role of wto in marketing
 
148323
148323148323
148323
 
WTO and GATT
WTO and GATTWTO and GATT
WTO and GATT
 
Wto
WtoWto
Wto
 
WTO
WTOWTO
WTO
 

Más de Jeffrey Hart

Más de Jeffrey Hart (20)

Berkeley Internet.pptx
Berkeley Internet.pptxBerkeley Internet.pptx
Berkeley Internet.pptx
 
Essays on the History and Politics of the.pptx
Essays on the History and  Politics of the.pptxEssays on the History and  Politics of the.pptx
Essays on the History and Politics of the.pptx
 
Right-Wing Populism in Europe and the United States
Right-Wing Populism in Europe and the United StatesRight-Wing Populism in Europe and the United States
Right-Wing Populism in Europe and the United States
 
The European Union: Challenges and Opportunities
The European Union: Challenges and OpportunitiesThe European Union: Challenges and Opportunities
The European Union: Challenges and Opportunities
 
Techinnovation
TechinnovationTechinnovation
Techinnovation
 
International politics in the age of the internet
International politics in the age of the internetInternational politics in the age of the internet
International politics in the age of the internet
 
Net neutrality
Net neutralityNet neutrality
Net neutrality
 
Isa12a
Isa12aIsa12a
Isa12a
 
Ipe21
Ipe21Ipe21
Ipe21
 
Polinter12
Polinter12Polinter12
Polinter12
 
Polinter11
Polinter11Polinter11
Polinter11
 
Ipe19
Ipe19Ipe19
Ipe19
 
Ipe20
Ipe20Ipe20
Ipe20
 
Ipe18
Ipe18Ipe18
Ipe18
 
Isa12b
Isa12bIsa12b
Isa12b
 
Ipe17
Ipe17Ipe17
Ipe17
 
Polinter10
Polinter10Polinter10
Polinter10
 
Ipe16
Ipe16Ipe16
Ipe16
 
Ipe15
Ipe15Ipe15
Ipe15
 
Rkcsi2012
Rkcsi2012Rkcsi2012
Rkcsi2012
 

Último

Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General Quiz
Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General QuizPragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General Quiz
Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General QuizPragya - UEM Kolkata Quiz Club
 
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdfVikramadityaRaj
 
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽中 央社
 
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 InventoryHow to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
 
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticssize separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticspragatimahajan3
 
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfINU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfbu07226
 
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Denish Jangid
 
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjStl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjMohammed Sikander
 
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024CapitolTechU
 
An overview of the various scriptures in Hinduism
An overview of the various scriptures in HinduismAn overview of the various scriptures in Hinduism
An overview of the various scriptures in HinduismDabee Kamal
 
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptxfactors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptxSanjay Shekar
 
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matrices
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matricesApplication of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matrices
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matricesRased Khan
 
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonEssential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonMayur Khatri
 
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文中 央社
 
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17Celine George
 

Último (20)

Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General Quiz
Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General QuizPragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General Quiz
Pragya Champions Chalice 2024 Prelims & Finals Q/A set, General Quiz
 
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
 
Word Stress rules esl .pptx
Word Stress rules esl               .pptxWord Stress rules esl               .pptx
Word Stress rules esl .pptx
 
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
How to Manage Notification Preferences in the Odoo 17
 
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽
會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽會考英聽
 
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...
ĐỀ THAM KHẢO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH FORM 50 CÂU TRẮC NGHI...
 
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 InventoryHow to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Manage Closest Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
 
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticssize separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
 
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfINU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
 
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
 
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjStl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
Stl Algorithms in C++ jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
 
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
 
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
 
An overview of the various scriptures in Hinduism
An overview of the various scriptures in HinduismAn overview of the various scriptures in Hinduism
An overview of the various scriptures in Hinduism
 
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptxfactors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
factors influencing drug absorption-final-2.pptx
 
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matrices
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matricesApplication of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matrices
Application of Matrices in real life. Presentation on application of matrices
 
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonEssential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
 
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
 
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17
How to the fix Attribute Error in odoo 17
 
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz - Finals.pdf
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz - Finals.pdfPost Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz - Finals.pdf
Post Exam Fun(da) Intra UEM General Quiz - Finals.pdf
 

Ipe05

  • 1. Y376 International Political Economy January 25, 2011
  • 2.
  • 3. Graphical Version of Ricardian Theory
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Figure 3-1. Average U.S. Tariff Rates on Dutiable Imports, 1821-2000, in Percentages Source: U.S. International Trade Commission; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States ; and Statistical Abstract of the United States , various years.
  • 8. Overall Tariff Levels and Trade/GNP, 1850-1990
  • 9. Figure 3-2. Growth in World Exports, 1958-2006, in Billions of Current Dollars Source: International Monetary Fund, Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook (various years).
  • 10. Figure 3-3. Trade/GDP in the US, Britain, Germany, France, and Japan, 1960-2006, in Percentages Sources: World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001 CD-ROM (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2001): OECD.Stat, http://stats.oecd.org/ .
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Example of a Subsidies Dispute: Airbus vs. Boeing This is a Boeing 777 This is an Airbus 300 Latest WTO ruling (video)
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.