This document provides information about different types of earth materials including soils, rocks, and minerals. It discusses the three basic types of soils - sand, silt, and clay - and gives properties of each. It also outlines the three basic rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - and provides two examples for each type along with their properties. Finally, it discusses five basic minerals - quartz, calcite, copper, gold, and silver - and gives their key properties including hardness, color, shine, and crystal structure.