Ottoman-Turkish loan words in Egyptian Arabic and in the Balkans, notably in Serbia.

1. Baklava for the Effendi!
The linguistic heritage of the Ottoman Empire
in Egypt and in Serbia in comparison
Helmut Satzinger, University of Vienna
Danijela Stefanović, University of Belgrade
EGYPT AND AUSTRIA XI: IN SEARCH OF THE ORIENT

4. Selim I (1517 – 22 September 1520)

5. Yunus Pasha
In office: January 30, 1517 – September 13, 1517

6. Suleiman I (6 November 1494 – 7 September 1566)

7. Battle of the Pyramids
François-Louis-Joseph Watteau (1758–1823)

8. The Revolt of Cairo against French occupation
Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (1767-1824)

9. Muhammad Ali by Auguste Couder (1789-1873)

10. Karađorđe Petrović
Grand Leader (Veliki Vožd) from 14 February 1804 to 21 September 1813

11. The Liberation of Belgrade in 1806
by Katarina Ivanović (1811-1882)

12. The Uprising at Takovo in 1815
by Paja Jovanović (1859 – 1957)

13. Miloš Obrenović (1780–1860)

14. The Bajrakli Mosque in Belgrade
It was built around 1575, nowadays this is the only mosque in the city out of
the 273 that had existed during the Ottoman rule of Serbia.

15. Three Languages involved:
Ottoman Turkish
TURKIC
ALTAIC
Rich in vowels —
vowel harmony:
Front: e i ö ü
Back: a ı o u
Sibilants
s, z
š = ş
ž = j
č = ç
dž = c
h
No ḫ [x]!
Final stops become
voiceless
Egyptian Arabic
SEMITIC
AFRO-ASIATIC
Poor in vowels:
a i u
ā ī ū
ē < ay, ō < aw
“Emphatic” consonants:
ṣ, ṭ, ḍ, ẓ
Laryngeal consonants:
ˁ, ḥ
Velar fricatives:
ġ, ḫ
{Uvular stop: q = ḳ}
No č [c], no ǧ [ɉ]!
Serbian
SLAVIC
INDO-EUROPEAN
Not rich in vowels:
a ɛ i ɔ u
Absent Turkish vowels:
ö ü ı
Serbian sibilants:
s z c
š ž č dž
ć đ
h [x]
is often suppressed

16. “Turkish” vs. “Turkic”

17. ACCENT
Turkish: accent usually on last syllable
Egyptian Arabic: accent on last long syllable, otherwise on last but one
Gîza, Saqqâra, Armánt, …
Serbian: complex pitch accent, at any rate not on last syllable
SCRIPT
Ottoman Turkish: in Ottoman Arabic script
Egyptian Arabic, Classical Arabic: in Arabic script ‫العربى‬ ‫الخط‬
Serbian: in Serbian Cyrillic (from 1818); parallel also in Latin script (from 1914)
ћирилица // ćirilica латиница //latinica

19. Mod. Turkish Serbian Egn. Arabic English + Remarks
pilav pilav filāw pilau; from Persian
çorba čorba šurba soup
meze meze mazza appetizer
baklava baklava baqlāwa baklawa; not from Arabic
helva alva ḥalwā helvah; Arabic, something
very sweet.
rahat lokum rahat lokum rāḥit il-ḥulqūm ‘Turkish delight’
(ratluk)

20. Mod. Turkish Serbian Egn. Arabic English + Remarks
karanfil karanfil qurunfil carnation : clove
(karanfilić)
kahve kafa qahwa coffee; from Arabic
cezve džezva But: kánaka Turkish coffee pot
from Persian tan(a)ka ‘tank’
çay čaj šāy tea; from Northern
Chinese

21. Mod. Turkish Serbian Egn. Arabic English + Remarks
fincan fildžan fingān mocca cup; Persian
finǧān; ClassArab. finǧāl)
sofra sofra ṣofra dining table (cf. ṣofrâgi)
şerbet šerbet šarbāt, šarāb sherbet, sorbet, caudle
Arabic šariba ‘he drank’
taze tàze ṭāza, tāza fresh; from Persian
patliçan patlidžan But: bidingān / bāðinǧān egg plant
salata salata sálaṭa salad; from
Venetian salata?

22. Mod. Turkish Serbian Egn. Arabic English + Remarks
furun furuna furn oven; from Ital./Venet. forno
papuc, papuş papuče babūg slippers
kaftan kaftan qufṭān kaftan; from Persian
defter tefter daftar copybook
boya boja buyā paint
boyacı bojadžija buyagi painter
köprü ćuprija kubri bridge
tamam, taman taman tamām perfect, full, o.k.; from the
Arabic
zembil zembilj zanbīl basket; from Persian
kilim ćilim kilīm kelim; from Persian
pekmez ‘molasses’ pekmez bikmīz jam
burma ‘circle’ burma ‘wedding ring’ burmā ring, screw
Cf. Arabic barama ‘he went around’

23. SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Erich Prokosch (1983). Osmanisches Wortgut im Ägyptisch-Arabischen. Berlin
(Islamkundliche Untersuchungen Band 78).
Abdulah Škaljić (1966). Turcizmi u srpsko-hrvatskom jeziku.
Марија С. Ђинђић (2013). Турцизми у савременом српском књижевном језику
(семантичко-деривациона анализа). Докторска дисертација Београд.
Marija S. Đinđić (2013). Turcizmi u savremenom srpskom književnom jeziku
(semantičko-derivaciona analiza). Doktorska disertacija Beograd.
[Turkish loanwords in the modern Serbian literary language (semantic-derivational
analysis). Doctoral dissertation Belgrade.]