ntpc dadri summer training presentation

1. PRESENTATION
ON SUMMER TRAINING AT-
NTPC DADRI
PRESENTED BY:

2. ABOUT NTPC
 NTPC ,the largest power company in India ,was setup in 1975 to accelerate power
development in country.
 NTPC Dadri is a unique power plant of NTPC group which has coal based thermal plant and
gas based thermal plant of 1820 MW ,817 MW and solar based plant 5MW respectively.
 NTPC has installed capacity of 29,397MW.
 It has 15 coal based power station ,7 gas based power stations and 1 solar based power station.
 It plans to be 75,000MW company by 2017.

3. NTPC DADRI
COAL
BASED
GAS
BASED
SOLAR
BASED
1820
MW
830
MW
5
MW
TOTAL = 2655 MW

4. Coal to Electricity ….. Basics
Coal
Chemical
Energy
Super
Heated
Steam
Pollutants
Thermal
Energy
Turbine
Torque
Heat Loss In
Condenser
Kinetic
Energy
Electrical
Energy
Alternating
current in Stator
Mech. Energy
LossASH
Heat
Loss
Elet. Energy
Loss

7. MAIN AND AUXILIARY
EQUIPMENT
• Coal handling plant
• Pulverizing plant
• Boiler
• Ash handling plant
• Turbine
• Condenser
• Cooling tower and pounds
• Feed water heater
• Economizer
• Superheater and Reheater
• Air preheater

8. COAL HANDLING PLANT
Raw coal wagon – Coal is brought to the site through a wagon as
per the requirement.
Wagon tippler – The coal is unloaded from the wagon and is
transported to crusher and for storage place through conveyor.
Junction tower - JTs are used where the conveyor has any
angular deviation.
Primary crusher – The raw coal is crushed into fine pieces of
45mm grit. Primary crusher is also called Rotatory breaker since
the coal is crushed by rotating plate.
The stone and
unwanted coal are
rejected

9. Secondary crusher – The fine pieces of coal is
crushed into powder . (25 mm grit).
Junction Tower
Mill Bunker – The 25 mm grit coal is crushed
into very fine powder for feeding the boiler . We
will have a spare bunker for each boiler.
Boiler
Stack & Reclaimer – It
is used to store the
powdered coal for
emergency purpose.
Atmospheric air
–Through FD
fan

10. OPERATION OF THERMAL POWER
PLANT

11. OPERATION MECHANISM
• The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing
heat .
• In Boiler the water is converted to steam.
• In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam
is called super heated steam.
• The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.
• The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the
intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.
• The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.
• The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produces electric Power.
• The power generated is then transmitted .

12. BOILER
• A boiler or steam generator is
a closed vessel to which water
under pressure, is converted
into steam.
• It is one of the major
components of a thermal
power plant.
• Always designed to absorb
maximum amount of heat
released in the process of
combustion.

13. -:Super heater:-
• A device which removes last traces of moisture.
• It helps in reduction in requirement of steam quantity.
• steam being dry reduces the mechanical resistance of
turbine.
• No corrosion at the turbine blades.

14. -:Economizer and Air Pre-heater:-
• An economizer is a heat transfer device used for heating the feed water with
the help of hot flue gases before leaving the chimney.
• It helps in improving the efficiency of the power plant.
• Air preheater is a device which utilizes the waste heat of the flue gases leaving
the economizer to heat the air to be supplied to the boiler.

15. CONDENSER
• Which condenses the steam at the exhaust of turbine.
• It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of
turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of
steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover.
• The condensed steam can be used as feed water
to the boiler.

16. Prime Mover (i.e. Turbine)
• A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy
from pressurized steam, and converts it into mechanical energy.
• About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam
turbines.
• It has almost completely replaced the reciprocating piston steam
engine.
BOILER GENERATOR
STEAM TURBINE

17. Cooling Towers
• Remove heat from the
water discharged from
the condenser so that the
water can be discharged
to the river or re
circulated and reused.
• Air can be circulated in
the cooling towers
through natural draft and
mechanical draft.

18. Coal Handling Plant Details
• Source of coal = Piparwar Mines North Karanpur (Jharkhand)
• Location = Near Ranchi
• Distance = 1200 Kms.
• Type of coal = F-grade (Washed)
• E grade (Raw)
• Coal requirement = 13,000 MT/Day
• ( 04 rakes )

19. ASH HANDLING PLANT
• The percentage of ash in coal is 5% in good quality coal & about
40% in poor quality coal.
• Power plants generally use poor quality of coal , thus amount of ash
produced by it is quite large.
• A modern 1000MW plant produces about 4800 tons of ash daily.
• The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump
sites.

20. UTILISATION OF SECONDARY RAW
MATERIAL (ASH)
• Construction of embankments and fills.
• Construction of road in sub-base.
• Manufacture of cement.
• Manufacture of bricks/blocks.
• Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential
plant nutrients.

21. `

22. SOLAR PLANTSOLAR PLANT
Total capacity 5 MW