Information Technology for Disaster Risk Management

Information Technology for
Disaster Risk Management
2015-3-17
Kenji Hiramoto
Executive Advisor to the Government CIO
Cabinet Secretariat, Japan
1

Electricity
Water
Station
Bank
Shop
Telephone
Why Information Technology?
Most of things connect to the internet.
Every services are controlled by computers.
Signal
Signage
Air conditioning
Taxi, Bus
News
Truck
2

Information, Information, Information !!!
 Extract “what is really needed in the devastated area”
 Demand for “Information” ranked high along with electricity,
food and drinking water.
 Information is important for rescue and support action.
3
3/12 3/13 3/14 3/15 3/16 1639-1702 3/18 1421-1441 3/19 1328-1404 3/20 1252-1331 3/22 1515-1600 3/23 1959-2050 3/26 2238-2348
No. Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word
1 Electric power Electric power Electric power Electric power Goods Goods Goods Electric power Goods Electric power Electric power
2 Information Information Food Goods Gasoline Battery Gasoline Power generation Volunteer Gasoline Water
3 Food Food Information Gasoline Food Tissue Volunteer Goods Water Goods Gasoline
4 Goods Gasoline Goods Food Information Bottle for water Electric power Gasoline Sandbag Water Goods
5 TV Disposable diaper Gasoline Water Fuel Flashlight Energy Information Electric power TV Exercise
6 News Goods for baby TV Information Shelter Toilet paper Information TV Gasoline Food Car
7 Lighting Goods Place Fuel Oil-based product Light oil Doctor Volunteer Vegetables Bicycle Paper
8 Machine TV Map Disposable diaper Water Waterproof canvas Hericopter Shelter TV Milk Food
9 Shelter Water Water Plastic bag TV Nonperishables Internal Medicine Food Food Car Fuel
10 Water News Disposable diaper Fleece Car Tank for Gasoline Water Shop Information Toilet paper News
11 Blood Shelter Fuel Cloth Shop Electric power Blood donation Fuel Exercise Volunteer Vegetables
12 Power supply Shop Exercise Shop Electric power Water Rice bal Exercise Fuel Electric appliances Ink
13 Hospital Blood Telecommunication Medical service Toilet paper Gasoline Nurse Water Car Fuel Information
14 Rescue Team Convenience Store Shop Disposable diaper Heating TV Exercise Car Toilet paper House Book
15 Shop Exercise Transportation TV Nourishment Disposable diaper Car Rice ball Doctor Shop Volunteer
16 Exercise Fuel Car Battery Diabetes Food Pre-washed rice Manpower Exercise Exercise Fish
17 Gasoline Medical service Convenience Store News Blood Rice-porridge Cloth Collection Food Parts News
18 Place Lighting Rescue Team Transportation Milk powder Goods for baby Disposable diaper Milk Fruit Train Road
19 Flashlight Car Blood Shelter blanket Inpatient Undergarment Disposable diaper Shop Information Cap of bottle
20 Mobile phone Place Goods for baby Mediclne Exercise Pre-washed rice Shelter Bicycle Water or Juice News Shelter

Gap of Information
 We need Information Technology.
4
Information
from disaster area
Needs of information
at disaster area
Backlog of information
Ｇ
Ａ
Ｐ
Ｇ
Ａ
Ｐ
Can't find
Shotage

Gathering
5
SNSGovernment
Industry, NGOInfo. from
satellite
 We can gather huge and detail information from disaster
areas.
Fax-Fax-Fax, Re-type
We can reduce the inefficient process.
Legacy solution Emerging solution
We can use various information.

Analysis
 Visualization and filtering for decision making.
6
必要だ(87)
被災地(38)
他国(25)
募金(25)
今一番(18)
支援(38)
必要だ(18)
求める(5)
ギフト(3)される(3)
送る(10)
届ける(10)
必要だ(9)
仕分け作業(5)
輸送(5)
必要だ(25)
送る(8)
届く(8)
支援(7)
情報(5)
東日本(19)
海外(6)
支援(6)
今回(4)
被害(4)
送る(7)
グループ(4)
コメント(4)
強要する(3)
支援する(3)
支援(25)
必要以上(24)
緊急(3)
削除する(3)
震災(3)
必要だ(14)
まとめる(5)
求める(5)掲載する(5)
更新する(5)
必要だ(7)
募集(4)
募集する(4)
スタッフ(3)
いただく(2)
経費(4)不可欠だ(4)
一杯(3)
手間(3)
確認する(2)
支援(335)
被災地(115)
支援物資(71)
物資(64)
震災(55)
被災者(54)
募金(46)
情報(45)
ボランティア(40)
必要(39)
願う(222)
被災地(211)
必要だ(126)
他国(26)
募金(26)
支援(211)
求める(131)
開設する(113)
支援( 否) (72)
情報(39)
求める(131)
掲載する(131)
更新する(131)
物資(131)
まとめる(116)
必要だ(185)情報(131)
届ける(81)
送る(35)
届く(34)
まとめる(113)
チェンジする(11)
届ける(100)
輸送(91)
溜まる(80)
リスト(26)
送る(24)
使う( 否) (198)
実施する(6)
自然災害(6)
外す(2)
本部あて(198)
支援(867)
被災地(537)
情報(425)
物資(356)
テレビ(305)
支援物資(301)
地域(221)
簡易トイレ(199)
浦安市災害対策(198)
浦安市内(198)
Ｔｗｅｅｔ 1500件
フィルターで重複を削除
2011/3/24
「支援」「必要」での
検索結果
SNS Analysis2011-3-11 22:00 Population density
Volunteer
Guide point
Filter the RT messages

inform
 We should inform important information by using multi
channel.
7
P2P communication
Paper based news letter
Radio
and TV

Matching
 Matching between specialties and needs.
8
Needs
Specialty
of volunteers
Matching
resource

Why internet?
 Phone: Band and frequency
 Synchronous
 Internet: packet
 Asynchronous
Help me
１：H
２：e
３：l
４：p
9
5： 6：m
7：e

Robust system
 Digital services on the cloud.
 We can use it under disaster situation.
10
NowPast
Systems in the building
Systems will suffer the damage with them
No one come there for repair it.
Systems have upper limit of performance.
There are no system in disaster area.
We can expand the performance easily.

E-Japan
Strategy II
(July 2003)
New IT Reform
Strategy
(Jan2006)
2001– 2006– 2009
E-Japan
Strategy
(Jan 2001)
Achieve an IT country
on the cutting edge of
the world by 2005
Achieve a society where
anyone, can feel the
benefits of IT anytime
and anywhere in 2010
2010
Strive to create
a citizen -driven
reassuring &
vibrant digital
society
i-Japan Strategy
2015
(July 2009)
A New Strategy
in IT
(May 2010)
Achieve transition to
a citizen-driven society
and a true knowledge
-information society
Transition of Japanese IT Strategy
2013 ～2020
Declaration to be
the World’s Most
Advanced IT
Nation(June 2013)
Achieve an IT country
on the cutting edge of
the world by 2020
Emphasis on
IT utilization
Driving forward
the IT structural
revolution
Development
of broadband
infrastructure
The benefits of
digital
technologies
for all
Establishment of a
new society where
the citizens hold
sovereignty
Eliminating Gridlock
and Rejuvenating
Japan
12

Safety is a pillar of the strategy
I. Basic Principles
1. Eliminating Gridlock and Rejuvenating Japan
2. Becoming an IT Utilization Society at the World’s Highest
Levels
II. The Society that Japan Should Seek to become
1. A Society that Encourages the Creation of New and
Innovative Industries and Services and the Growth of All
Industries
2. The World’s Safest and Most Disaster-Resilient Society where
People can Live Safely, with Peace of Mind, and Comfort
3. One-Stop Public Services that Anyone Can Access and Use at
Any Time
13

LESSON LEARNED
FROM
THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE
14

What did we learn the earthquake?
Most of company established disaster response board in them. CIO or IT section was one of the
main board member. We should review the role of IT team in central and local government
disaster response board.
What happen? What we did？
We should pursue better services.
・Speedy
・Sensitive
What were barriers?
・No control tower for IT project
・A lack of BCP that include IT.
Shortage of
information
Shortage of goods
and resources
Lost of Local gov.
function
a sense of insecurity
Information from Twitter
Information from web site
Promote reusable data
Support program from IT companies
Matching system for volunteer
Inclusive services
Collaboration with industry
Safety information search
Alternative system for business continuity
Matching system for goods
Big data analysis
Mirror system for performance
15

Action map(Timeline and Functions)
16
防災・減災の取り組み
フェーズ減災期安全確保期緊急期救命期生活確保・仮復旧期復旧・復興準備期復興期
時間軸 -0h -1h -10h -100h(4 日) -1000h(42 日) -10000h(417 日) 10000h-
日付 2011-3-11 2011-3-11 2011-3-15 2011-4-21 2012-5-1
状況混乱
歯抜けの様々な情報
混乱
歯抜けの様々な情報
混乱
官民から整理された
情報が出始める
収束への移行中
官民から整理された
情報が出始める
収束
一般行政情報の利用
収束
一般行政情報の利用
情報収集被害情報
気象情報
ヘリカメラ
衛星写真
詳細被害情報
気象情報
交通情報
避難所情報
気象情報
緊急物資情報
感染症等情報
支援制度情報
罹災証明基礎情報
仮設住宅情報
生活物資情報
ニーズ
次に向けた知見
ニーズ
次に向けた知見
情報分析震度予測被害推定詳細被害推定詳細被害推定
sns 分析開始
ニーズ分析
情報分析ガイド
ニーズ分析ニーズ分析
情報分析訓練
情報提供緊急地震速報公共情報コモンズ公共情報コモンズ
パーソンファインダ
Sinsai.info
公共情報コモンズ
Sinsai.info
通行実績マップ
官邸 Twitter
通行実績マップ
Sinsai.info
IT 支援情報提供
復旧復興 DB 着手
電力データの公開
Twitter 認証
SocialMedia 指針
e-Gov 災害サイト
再利用可能データ公
開
各種報告書
復旧復興 DB
節電.go.jp
各種報告書
復旧復興 DB
マッチン
グ
助けあいジャパン
ボランティアマッチング
プログラマとの連携
WishList
データ蓄
積等
サイトミラーリングサイトミラーリング映像アーカイブ震災アーカイブス
統合支援被害予測地図
訓練、啓発
総合防災システム
防災ネットワーク
防災ネットワーク
現場支援義援金支援サイトボランティア情報
一般行政システム
ボランティア情報
緑は民間の取り組み

Team
Decision making process
• Contact point
• Reduce bottle neck
Coordination team
• Reduce duplicate action
• Enhance the value of activities
Training
• Real scenario
Budget
• Flexible
Collaboration
• IT company
• Civic hacker 17

Technology
Service
• Sensor
• New service
Standard
• Interface
• vocabulary
Cloud technology
18

Smart phone app“Yurekuru”
Smart phone application with
earthquake early-warning
system.
Earthquake early-warning system
 Japan has the most advanced earthquake early-warning system in the world.
 Brief advanced warnings to the public. (approx 80 seconds in advance)
 TV
 Internet
 Text message
 Mobile phone
20
Japan
Meteorological
Agency
Big earthquake will occur
after 10sec at Tokyo area.
Hypocenter
Sensor
https://itunes.apple.com/jp/app/yurekurukoru/id398954883?mt=8
Action!!

Earthquake early-warning system: Shinkansen
 Enable to slow down high- speed train“Shinkansen”
 Case in the earthquake in 2011: Hayate, Yamabiko
Hayate25
(245km/h)
Hayate28
(unknown)
Yamabiko59
(270km/h)
Hayate27
(270km/h)
Yamabiko63
(270km/h)
Max Yamabiko144
(unknown)
Hayate26
(270km/h)
Yamabiko142
(238km/h)
Hayate29
(270km/h)
Nasuno259
(unknown)
Yamabiko63
(270km/h)
Seismometer
Shinkansen
50
10
1
Damage
Civil Eng. Electricity
(Map & Photo: JR EAST)
21

Intelligent Transportation System
Traffic Jams
Maintenances
Accidents
Driving Data
Traffic and road closure
information
Predicted
Arrival time
Private films.
Honda,
Toyota,
Nissan,
Pioneer
ITS Japan
Smooth driving
Reduce Accident
Speedy rescue & recovery
VICS Center
Driving data
Data of Traffic jams,
Maintenances and
Accident
Driving data
(Hard braking)
Data of Accident
Driving data
(Traffic history)
Data of Maintenance
(Closure)
Photo: MLIT, Toyota, Honda, ITS Japan
22

Traffic and Road Closure Information after the earthquake
 ITS Japan provides traffic and road closure information provided by GIA(Geospatial
Information Authority) and four private films.
 Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Pioneer
 Mapion and Isuzu provide truck traffic information.
23
Blue points are traffic information.
Red points are road closure points.
Blue points are traffic information of big trucks.
Green points are traffic information of small trucks.
http://www.its-jp.org/saigai/ http://www.mapion.co.jp/feature/eq2011/traffic.html
Traffic and road closure information Truck traffic information

Information Analysis for Disaster Management
1500 Tweets that include the word ”Battery”
Size
Battery
Mobile phone
Light
A
AAAA
Extract “what is really needed in the devastated area”
Text Mining
Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry
API
3/12 3/13 3/14 3/15 3/16 1639-1702 3/18 1421-
No. Word Word Word Word Word
1 Electric power Electric power Electric power Electric power Goods Goods
2 Information Information Food Goods Gasoline Battery
3 Food Food Information Gasoline Food Tissue
4 Goods Gasoline Goods Food Information Bottle f
5 TV Disposable diaper Gasoline Water Fuel Flashlig
6 News Goods for baby TV Information Shelter Toilet p
7 Lighting Goods Place Fuel
Oil-based
product
Light oi
8 Machine TV Map Disposable diaper Water
Waterpr
canvas
9 Shelter Water Water Plastic bag TV Nonper
10 Water News Disposable diaper Fleece Car Tank fo
11 Blood Shelter Fuel Cloth Shop Electric
12 Power supply Shop Exercise Shop Electric power Water
13 Hospital Blood
Telecommunicati
on
Medical service Toilet paper Gasolin
14 Rescue Team
Convenience
Store
Shop Disposable diaper Heating TV
15 Shop Exercise Transportation TV Nourishment Disposa
“Shorting items”daily ranking
Photo: MLIT
24
2011.3.11
East Japan great erthquake

Drill for disaster
Information analysis drill of heavy snow situation
was carried out.
Information of Snow
Population Density
(250m mesh)
Capture the whole picture of the
situation
Detail text messages
There is an emergency patient.
Public sector can grasp the situation.
Mobile
phones
Rain
sensors
Tweets
Photo: Zenrin Datacom, Plus Alph Consulting
25
Feb.6,2013

<Information provider> <Information provider>
<Information communicator>
Prefecturalinformationhighwaytec.
Municipality
Prefecture
Traffic agencies
Broadcasting
company
Mobile service
provider
Newspaper
company
Internet portal
National nodes National nodes
National nodes
(Collection, format change, transmission)
ＬＧＷＡＮ
(Commons network)
Lifeline recovery
Train operation
ＶＰＮ
Internet
Lifeline Agencies
* Nodes are equivalent to devices of computers
or routers as these are individual elements
which build the network.
Notifications, evacuation
orders etc.
Area nodes
(collection, format change,
transmission)
Disaster information,
Rain information,
notifications etc.
ＮＯＣ
Digital TV FM Radio etc. AM Radio Internet Mobile phone Digital signage Vending machine River warnings
Other local government
Local residents
ＶＰＮ
ＶＰＮ
Disaster Management
System etc.
Public Information Common Platform
 Public information common platform is a system which have developed as integrated an information
tool. The system support to collect and consolidate much information from various providers. And it
can distribute more citizens through various medias. In case of emergency, the citizen can get more
information which is reliable.
26
Source : NEC Corporation

Tokyo Amesh, Protecting people from rain disasters.
 Rain nurtures life and brings comfort to our life. It also provides us with drinking water.
But, concentrated to downpours, rain inflicts great damage on our property and risks our life.
Therefore, accurate rainfall information is essential for proper operation of a pumping
station or a wastewater treatment center.
Rainfall information system “Tokyo Amesh” was firstly introduced in 1988 and was renewed
in 2001. Since 2007, Tokyo Amesh has taken in data from adjoining municipalities to enlarge
observation scope and enhance precision and reliability.
27
http://tokyo-ame.jwa.or.jp/en/index.htmlOperated by Tokyo metropolitan government
Radar
Sensor
Tokyo Metropolitan Government

X-band radar information
 “GO-U Detector” show us the detail real-time information of
rain.
28
X-band MP radar network
X-band radar
Rain status in 5km
Rain area with scenery
(250m mesh)
Vertical AR mode
Horizontal mode
https://itunes.apple.com/jp/app/id655469995?mt=8
Avoid the heavy rain!!
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Environmental Information
 The Environmental Information Department(EID) collects and
manages information relating to the environment .
 EID disseminates the information widely via media such as
“Kankyo Tenbodai”&”Soramame-kun” (Environmental
Observatory).
29
Kankyo Tenbodai (Waste)
Soramame-kun(Air pollution)

Sinsai.info: GIS based disaster information
 ”Sinsai.info” was voluntarily launched only four hours late after
the earthquake
 GIS & disaster supporting information as well as damage status.
 Lifeline status, relief supply & shelter information, volunteer information,
and medical facility information etc. with locations and details are available
on the map
All Categories
Accurate Information
Lifeline Status
Transportation
Relief Supply
Shelter
Request for volunteers
Medical Facility
Employment Information
Icons are displayed on the
map. Zoom into the local
area for detail information.
30

Support civic participation in energy conservation after the earthquake
 CAO and METI provide information & service for energy conservation .
31
Applications which provide information
regarding the tight electricity supply-demand
balance
Declaration of household electricity
saving
・Graph which shows Use of Electric
Power (within TEPCO Service Area)
・the participation prizes
and achievement prizes
Group function
Recognition of electricity use in previous year
Electricity saving menu
Portal site : http://setsuden.go.jp/
Data from TEPCO
Gamification

Public appeal for greater public engagement in energy conservation
 METI (IT Project Office) made a public appeal on its Twitter
account for an application that transmit current energy usage
data from TEPCO.
 A great number of very imaginative applications were
developed and considerable was gathered.
 Over 50 applications
 Examples of the applications :
32
Signage

Providing Support
Program Information
Using website
Users
(Earthquake victims)
Government Ministries
Local Governments
Recovery and Reconstruction
Support Program Database
・edit & process the raw data to create user-
friendly website (e.g.: the website in which
data selected by area)
・reuse the raw data on Twitter
･smart phone app.
Using API
Consultation Desk
Using private
services
Recovery and Reconstruction Support Program Database
 A one-stop service site where users can search through a wide variety of support
programs operated by the central and local governments.
 API to allow the use of support program information by external services is provided.
 Currently, a number of relevant services using such API is available.
33
Standardized
format

Local government WAN
 The Local Government WAN connects all local government.
 The network backup the resident data that Local governments have.
34
Kasumigaseki WAN
(G-net)
Local Government WAN（LGWAN）
Network system
for basic residents’ register
Local Government cloud Services
Network
in ministries
Home
Company
Online services
Ministry
Prefecture
City
Town
Village
Agency
Some of Local gov. lost their system and data.
They could recover the data from the cloud.

Flood simulator with global 3D mapping system
 Flood simulator supports evacuation planning and education
for disaster-prevention.
For decision making
・Making hazard maps
・Forecasting flood risks
・Estimating economic damages
Use Case
・Local governments
・Insurance companies
・Institutes/ Universities
http://www.hitachi-power-solutions.com/en/products/product12/p028.html
35

Disaster Response HQ
National Alerting System
Weather alerts
Road & River monitoring
Shelter Info
Citizen info
Relief Supplies Request
Gathering
Emergency Radio
Speaker
Cloud Data Center
SNS
Homepage
Community FM
Public Commons
Citizen
Disaster Management
Information System
Disaster Info
Staff Info
Integration Distribution
E-mail
Mobile Mail
Multiple
Mobile Types
“One-
touch”
operation
Map
Integration
Dashboard
Morioka City Disaster Information System
 Disaster information gathering / integration / “one touch” multi-channel distribution
 Full leverage of mobile and tablet devices – anywhere and ease of use
 Low running cost by IBM cloud capability – “pay-as-you-go”
36
Source : IBM Japan

Bridge Monitoring System
 Based on the sensor network and Business Intelligence, Bridge
Monitoring System detects strain of the bridge and constantly assesses
its structural health of bridges.
 The system is developed and maintained through public-private
collaboration.
37
 Application of Real-time Business
Intelligence
 Help maintenance of public
infrastructure by monitoring
 Detect the weight of vehicles by
picking up strain
Optical fiber sensors
Communi
cation
network
Data center Communi
cation
network Management
Authority
Workers
Citizens
emergency ordinary times
Prioritize crucial bridge
Maximize cost-benefit
Effective traffic control
Prioritize check points
Smooth recovery operations
Prioritize check points
Mitigate panic
Understand necessity of control
Move/slant detection
Jolt detection
Strain detection
Beam monitor
Real-time anomaly
detection
Early detection
Jolt stress long-
term analysis
Vehicle wgt & type
estimate
Traffic volume
statistics
Open
Speed limit
Emergency
vehicle only
Closed
Traffic status
outcome
outcome
outcome
processed
processed
processed
Source: http://www.nttdata.com/jp/ja/lineup/brimos/

３D map data from GSI
 The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan
(GSI) provide 3D map data.
 Anyone can make 3D model by using a 3D printer.
38
Decide an area Display the 3D map Download 3D data Make 3D model
For urban planning,
education
and disaster management.

The nature of the soil and ground information database
 Asahi Geo Survey edits and processes data on the nature of
the soil and ground.
39
http://www.asahigs.co.jp/gspace/dataservice.html
Select the base map
Select the overlay information
Detail information
Integrated geological map
database (GeoMapDB)
http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_e/aist_labora
tories/5geology/index.html

Fix my street
 Report, view and discuss local problems
40
Report Solved
Local governments
Smart phone
Submit report
Detail Information
Report

AED map
 Automated External Defibrillator(AED） information map by
local governments
41
Place
Available Time
Contact information

Hackthon/Ideathon
 International open data day(2015-2-21)
 There were 62 events all over Japan. (221 event in the world)
42
Government
Local government
NGO
Citizen

Innovation Contest
 Open data idea contests (July,2011)
 Government(METI) and a publishing company carried it out jointly.
 Open data use case contest(METI Feb,2014)
 NGY Night street advisor
• Street lamp information (100,000) + Google map
• Navigation function.
Contest web site
Committee
Government
provided energy
supply data.
Winners
Submit
43

Shelter situation reporting system
 Rescue teams carry out actions depending on the situation
 EOC can grasp the situations.
 This system realize relief and safety shelters after disaster.
44
Structured Data
food 1-5
water 1-5
Space 1-5
Sanitation 1-5
Safety 1-5
Report
Emergency Operation
Center(EOC)
Shelters
Sherepo.org

Southern Hyogo prefecture
Earthquake
1995-01-17
Mid Niigata Prefecture
Earthquake
2004-10-23
Great East Japan Earthquake
2011-3-11
Next
What did we learn from the Past? What do we leave in the future?
Mobile phone without camera
（% of mobile phones 3.5%(1994.6),
9.4%(1995.6))
Mobile phone with camera
（% of mobile phones : 68.7%(2004.6))
Internet
（% of internet user : 66.0%(2004))
Smart phone
（% of mobile phones : 29.3%(2011))
Prototype of Early warning system
Bulletin board of volunteers
TV and Radio
Disaster information platform(CAO)
Citizen Support application(local Gov.)
Message service under disaster situation(NTT)
Early warning system(JMA)
Traffic history map(ITS Japan)
Person finder(google), Social media(Twitter)
Information portal(sinsai.info)
Activities of civic hackers
Big data analysis
Social media for disaster risk reduction
Drone, Robotics
・・・・・・・・・・
46

We are on the new startline.
 2011-2014
 Actions
• We learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake.
• After the earthquake, we did many project for the disaster risk reduction.
• We checked the result of the project in other disasters.
 Problem
• Reconstruct the wall of the organizations
• Speed down by many meetings
• Difficult to keep our time
 2015
 New mechanism for next huge disaster.
• Collaboration mechanism with citizens
 Awareness of IT for disaster risk reduction.
47

New mechanism
We don’t know Information Technology.
There are few effective services.
We made good apps.
No one buy it.Stovepipe
Few applications
“There are many specialists who have the will and talent.
But there are few effective applications under disaster situations.
We need you. We hope these community activities that consist of volunteers from
government, industry, NPO and citizens.”
One of the Mayer from Miyagi pref. , IT x Saigai(Disaster) community meeting(2015-1) 48

Social media projects
49
Appendix 1

Social Media for Disaster Risk Management
 Social media is one of the efficient communication tool.
 It is not only communication tool but marketing tool.
 We can analyze citizens opinions.
 We can use this knowledge and experience for disaster management.
50
publish
GatherAnalysis Publish
Government
School
Response
analysis
Citizen’s
opinions
Publish and send
info. for parents
Publish and
send info.
for citizens

Send message
 Social media is
communication tool.
 If citizens use it in daily life,
they will check information
under disaster situation.
［催事］今週末の22日に市民セン
ターで絵画展があります。ぜひい
らっしゃってください
13:44
［募集］第２小学校の放課後見守り
ボランティアを募集中です。
16:32
地震が発生しました。震度は６です。
高台に避難してください。
10:54
RT：@内閣防災津波警報が発令さ
れました。すぐに避難してください。
10:58
山上公民館、第三小学校を避難所
として開設しました。
11:10
ダンスクラブが地区大会で優勝しま
した。県大会に進出です。
09:43
今週末は運動会です。天気も良い
予報です。楽しみですね。
14:33
地震が発生しました。震度は６です。
建物に大きな被害はありません。
10:54
第一小学校は津波の心配はありま
せん。
11:09
帰宅は親による送迎となります。
迎えに来られない場合には、宿泊
の準備をしていますので、ご安心く
ださい。
14:21
Message from city Message from school
Disaster
津波警報が発令されました。すぐに
避難してください。
10:58
Caution from Government
City manager forward the
emergency information.
51
Our school is safetyEvacuate, soon!
Shelter info.
Pick up info.
Some of parents want to pick up soon.
If parents know the information, they will
stay their office until safety situation.
Event info.
Dance club info.
Event info.
Recruiting info.

Training is important.
Follower 98
Follower 63
Follower 74
○Use sns as a daily
communication tool
△Only use in disaster
situation
×Don’t use
Standard policy
52

Communication between the Mayer and Citizen
 In the heavy snow day, The Mayer of Saku city check the social
media.
 He Grasp the situation and make decision.
 Citizens trust him by daily social media. So citizen send
message in the disaster situation.
53

Response analysis and response
 We can know the real time response.
 We can check the effectiveness.
○○市です。駅前は非常に混雑し
ていて大変危険ですので、駅周辺
には近づかないでください
同意RTこんなこと言ってるけどきっと大丈夫だよ。
RT○○市です。駅前は非常に混雑していて大変危険
ですので、駅周辺には近づかないでください
○○市です。駅前は混雑で大変危
険です。以下の写真をご覧ください。
こんなこと言ってるけどきっと大丈夫だよ。RT○○市
です。駅前は非常に混雑していて大変危険ですので、
駅周辺には近づかないでください
本当に危なそうだ。近づかないようにしよう。RT○○
市です。駅前は非常に混雑していて大変危険ですの
で、駅周辺には近づかないでください
13:24
13:32
13:26
13:29
13:34
Message from city Response in social media
54
Dangerous situation!
Don’t mind it.
Really dangerous! Don’t go there.
I think so.

Knowledge from experience
 Knowledge from the Great East Japan Earthquake.
 How to manage huge messages.
 How to filter the messages.
 How to read the data
 How to make dictionary
 Knowledge from other disaster
 We can find the most of false. Because the most of false have only one original tweet.
必要だ(87)
被災地(38)
他国(25)
募金(25)
今一番(18)
支援(38)
必要だ(18)
求める(5)
送る(10)
届ける(10)
必要だ(9)
仕分け作業(5)
輸送(5)
必要だ(25)
送る(8)
届く(8)
支援(7)
情報(5)
東日本(19)
海外(6)
支援(6)
今回(4)
被害(4)
送る(7)
グループ(4)
コメント(4)
強要する(3)
支援する(3)
支援(25)
必要以上(24)
緊急(3)
削除する(3)
震災(3)
必要だ(14)
まとめる(5)
更新する(5)
必要だ(7)
募集(4)
募集する(4)
スタッフ(3)
いただく(2)
一杯(3)
手間(3)
確認する(2)
支援(335)
被災地(115)
支援物資(71)
物資(64)
震災(55)
被災者(54)
募金(46)
情報(45)
必要(39)
願う(222)
被災地(211)
必要だ(126)
他国(26)
募金(26)
支援(211)
求める(131)
開設する(113)
支援( 否) (72)
情報(39)
求める(131)
掲載する(131)
更新する(131)
物資(131)
まとめる(116)
必要だ(185)情報(131)
届ける(81)
送る(35)
届く(34)
まとめる(113)
届ける(100)
輸送(91)
溜まる(80)
リスト(26)
送る(24)
使う( 否) (198)
実施する(6)
自然災害(6)
外す(2)
本部あて(198)
支援(867)
被災地(537)
情報(425)
物資(356)
テレビ(305)
支援物資(301)
地域(221)
浦安市内(198)
2011/3/24
検索結果
Original tweet ”danger”
RT tweet “danger” Delay time is 1 hour
Delay of message
Filter the RT message
55

Text Analysis Guidebook
 We prepared for a guidebook for encouraging the efficient
use of text analysis.
国民の意見を活かしていますか
～行政機関における情報分析ツール活用ガイド～
パブリックコメント
アンケート自由記述
意見募集
情報が持つ価値を１００％引き出していますか？
単なる紙の山、文字の羅列にしていませんか？
2011/4/11 2014/2/5
http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/it2/senmon_bunka/bousai/dai3/sankou3.pdf56
Guidebook for public service Guidebook for disaster management

summary
 Text Analysis in disaster management is highly important to capture the whole
context of the emergency situation.
 Enabling to capture the whole context of the situation, text analysis is very effective
and useful tool for quick response in emergency situation.
 It is necessary to use our text analysis tool on a regular basis so that it can be
fully utilized in emergency situation. Based on feedback from users in
governmental organizations, we can make further progress in our methodology
and provide better public service to the citizens.
 It is effective to make use of new service provided by private sector.
 It is necessary to secure sufficient budget to introduce the tool, make a further
progress in our methodology, and implement other relevant projects.
 It is urgent to solve the problems with regard to human resources and
organization structures within the government.
 Shortage of information analysis professionals
(especially in the field of marketing)
 Poor skill & literacy to analyze the analysis result
 Less opportunity to make effective use of the analysis result in decision making in
the governmental organization due to bureaucratic culture
57

AFTERMATH OF THE GREAT EAST
JAPAN EARTHQUAKE
58

Why we decided to implement “Text Analysis”?
 After the earthquake on March 11, 2011, telecommunication infrastructure was seriously
damaged, and it exacerbated official attempts to determine the actual situation and clarify
the necessary assistance. The government had difficulties in understanding what relief
supply was needed by the victims in evacuation centers.
 METI E-Government team was implementing the text analysis trial project at the time.
Although we knew that we could use this to analyze SNS messages, we had never
encountered such an occasion to utilize the function in our project before the earthquake.
 In such situation, we used Twitter to gather real-time information of devastated area and
made the effective use of SNS and text analysis to capture the whole context of emergency
situation.
sns
59

Retrieving Twitter message containing a topic keyword “battery”
 Analyzing big data collected through Open Government Lab without bias.
 Applying the new concept “social listening
 Gather data on the social media and analyze public opinion

TextMining
1500 Tweets that include the word ”Battery”
Main issue
・Batteries
・Food
・Toilet
Main issue
・Lack of batteries
・idea to use different size battery
・How to charge mobile phone
国民の意見を活かしていますか
～行政機関における情報分析ツール活用ガイド～
パブリックコメント
アンケート自由記述
意見募集
情報が持つ価値を１００％引き出していますか？
単なる紙の山、文字の羅列にしていませんか？
4.11
The guide for
Information Analysis
Public consultation Questionnaire SNS
Size
Battery
Mobile phone
Light
A
AAAA
Battery
Radio
Goods
Light
Rice Bread
Fuel
Toilet
３．１１
Earthquake
60

必要だ(371)
体制(135)
茨城(115)
新潟(113)
不足する(113) 必要だ
被災者(114)
給水所(113)
情報(113)
情報(113)
働きかける
インタビュー(14)
投稿する(11)
読む(11)
あさ(9)
必要だ(96)
発送(79)
行く(34)
含める(24)
本部(8)
向ける(56)
支援(51)
気仙沼(47)
必要だ(16)
支援する(12)
情報(114)
できる(否)(24)
復興する(24)
分かれる(24)
喜ぶ(11)
支援(115)
比べる(11)
必要だ(9)
物流(9)
各地(5)
乗せる(52)
必要だ(28)
届ける(15)
捨てる(12)
物資(12)
集める(26)
支援(25)
必要だ(25)
かかる(19)
支援金(19)
体制(128)
かかりつけ医(125)
スタッフ(125)
患者(125)
訪問サービス(125)
支援(1202)
情報(333)
テレビ(265)
現地(245)
被災地(242)
被災者(232)
茨城(182)
食料(165)
物資(162)
確認(156)
 Daily analysis with topic key word “assistance” and “need”
午前中のお参りを終える。みな震災に心を痛め心配している様子。長期的な支援が必要となるので、
まずは日常を大切に生きたい。
昨日の菅直人や海江田万里の声明で節電ムードが広がってるけれど、節電の必要のないエリアまで
の節電ムードはやめて欲しいと思う。むしろ復興支援として不足分をカバーするだけのエネルギーが必
要になるという考えはないのか。
物資支援は企業にお任せしないと、被災地以外でも必要な人が手に入れられなく可能性もあるんじゃ
ないかな…。
【今後支援に必要とされるであろうもの】・正確な情報・食料・飲料・ゴム手袋・サランラップ・カイロ・乾
電池・充電器・カセットコンロ・ウエットテイッシュ・トイレットペーパー・生理用品・下着（タイツ・靴下・股
引き・パンツ・シャツ）・タオル・毛布・保湿用品・オムツ（子供用・大人用）など
【久留米市】救援物資のお尋ねが寄せられていますが、現時点では、被災地の受入体制が十分整っ
ておらず、交通規制などにより被災地への輸送手段を確保できないため、受け入れを行っていませ
ん。今後必要物資を調整し支援していきますので、ご理解をいただきますようお願い申し上げます。(続
く)
下手に都市部の人が（たとえ物資支援の為！とは言えども）（生理用品、紙オムツ、粉ミルク、飲料
水、ティッシュペーパー、電池、ガソリン等）買い占めしちゃうと、値段が釣り上がったり、本当に必要な
被災地に回らない！！個人輸送は余計な負担！気持は分かるが、節電、買占めしない、が吉◎
津波で塩水に浸かったプリウスは、感電の危険がありそうなので、トヨタの技術者の支援が必要と思
われる。#311sppt @kazuyo_k @nhk_kurogen
(Example) Result of Text Analysis -March 14 11:31am（5:20-11:31）
Topic key word “assistance” “need”
Food
Devastated area
Disaster victims
Support
Devastated area
Support
Support
Need
Need
Need
NeedInformation
Information
Information
TV
Need
Need
Need
pleasure
Can’t
reconstruct
encourage
Support
Relief aid
deliver
Relief aid
Shorting
gather
interview
61

Preparing “Daily Ranking of the Need Trend for Insufficient Things ”
 Extract “what is really needed in the devastated area”
 Demand for “Information” ranked high along with electricity,
food and drinking water.
【“Shorting items”daily ranking 】
3/12 3/13 3/14 3/15 3/16 1639-1702 3/18 1421-1441 3/19 1328-1404 3/20 1252-1331 3/22 1515-1600 3/23 1959-2050 3/26 2238-2348
No. Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word
1 Electric power Electric power Electric power Electric power Goods Goods Goods Electric power Goods Electric power Electric power
2 Information Information Food Goods Gasoline Battery Gasoline Power generationVolunteer Gasoline Water
3 Food Food Information Gasoline Food Tissue Volunteer Goods Water Goods Gasoline
4 Goods Gasoline Goods Food Information Bottle for water Electric power Gasoline Sandbag Water Goods
5 TV Disposable diaper Gasoline Water Fuel Flashlight Energy Information Electric power TV Exercise
6 News Goods for baby TV Information Shelter Toilet paper Information TV Gasoline Food Car
7 Lighting Goods Place Fuel
Oil-based
product
Light oil Doctor Volunteer Vegetables Bicycle Paper
8 Machine TV Map Disposable diaper Water
Waterproof
canvas
Hericopter Shelter TV Milk Food
9 Shelter Water Water Plastic bag TV Nonperishables Internal Medicine Food Food Car Fuel
10 Water News Disposable diaper Fleece Car Tank for Gasoline Water Shop Information Toilet paper News
11 Blood Shelter Fuel Cloth Shop Electric power Blood donation Fuel Exercise Volunteer Vegetables
12 Power supply Shop Exercise Shop Electric power Water Rice ball Exercise Fuel
Electric
appliances
Ink
13 Hospital Blood
Telecommunicati
on
Medical service Toilet paper Gasoline Nurse Water Car Fuel Information
14 Rescue Team
Convenience
Store
Shop Disposable diaper Heating TV Exercise Car Toilet paper House Book
15 Shop Exercise Transportation TV Nourishment Disposable diaper Car Rice ball Doctor Shop Volunteer
16 Exercise Fuel Car Battery Diabetes Food Pre-washed rice Manpower Exercise Exercise Fish
17 Gasoline Medical service
Convenience
Store
News Blood Rice-porridge Cloth Collection Food Parts News
18 Place Lighting Rescue Team Transportation Milk powder Goods for baby Disposable diaper Milk Fruit Train Road
19 Flashlight Car Blood Shelter blanket Inpatient Undergarment Disposable diaper Shop Information Cap of bottle
20 Mobile phone Place Goods for baby Mediclne Exercise Pre-washed rice Shelter Bicycle Water or Juice News Shelter
We made daily report within 30 min. 62

The number of Twitter message you can get one time is limited to 1500
 There were too many Twitter message while the number of Twitter
message we can crawl at once is limited to 1500.
 The respondent's and response bias depending on time
 Reduce bias by accumulating data and practicing analysis them again.
終わらせる( 否) (1049)
必要だ(112)できる( 否) (34)
先輩(34)
長野県災害対策(28)
行く(1056)
支援(15)
避ける(5)
医療(4)
県(4)
必要だ(1056)震災(4)
考える(3)
作業(3)
信じる( 否) (3)
ブーム(1049)
終わらせる( 否) (1049)
届ける(3)
留め待つ(2)
続ける(1049)
毎日(1049)
広い(2)
考える(2)出来る(2)
我慢する(2)
動き回る(2)
必要だ(1049)
行く(1049)
頑張る( 否) (1049)
範囲(1049)
支援(1385)
被災地(1117)
復興(1073)形(1054)
範囲(1053)
仕事(1052)
時間(1052)
いつも通り(1050)
観光(1050)
毎日(1050)
必要だ(371)
体制(135)
茨城(115)
新潟(113)
不足する(113) 必要だ(168)
被災者(114)
給水所(113)
情報(113)
情報(113)
働きかける(83)
インタビュー(14)
投稿する(11)
読む(11)
あさ(9)
必要だ(96)
発送(79)
行く(34)
含める(24)
本部(8)
向ける(56)
支援(51)
気仙沼(47)
必要だ(16)
支援する(12)
情報(114)
できる( 否) (24)
復興する(24)
分かれる(24)
喜ぶ(11)
支援(115)
比べる(11)
必要だ(9)
物流(9)
各地(5)
乗せる(52)
必要だ(28)
届ける(15)
捨てる(12)
物資(12)
集める(26)
支援(25)
必要だ(25)
かかる(19)
支援金(19)
体制(128)
かかりつけ医(125)
スタッフ(125)
患者(125)
訪問サービス(125)
支援(1202)
情報(333)
テレビ(265)
現地(245)
被災地(242)
被災者(232)
茨城(182)
食料(165)
物資(162)
確認(156)
March 14 7:10 pm（18:19-19:10）
March 14 11:31am（5:20-11:31）
Analysis practiced at the same
day, but the results were
totally different from moment
to moment.
Disaster victims
Support
Food
Devastated area
Relief Aid
TV
Information
Affected area
need
need
need
need
Support
Support
Support
need
need
Support
Devastated areaneed
need
go
go
sightseeing
reconstruction
time
Every day
Every day
Job
As usual
continue
63

Response bias caused by the huge amount of multiple retweets
 To solve response bias, we tried to…
 Get Twitter message many times a day
 Use the function to delete multiple retweet
1473 RT @mmc_kgur: 大切なのは、ブームの様な形で支援を終わらせないこと。復興には何2011/3/14 18:20
1489 RT @shuichi_jp: 長野県災害対策支援本部では、ガソリンの需給状況など県民生活に2011/3/14 18:20
1490 報道各社、東北の被害の大きさのおさらいではなく、今の状況とこれから必要な物、今2011/3/14 18:20
1496 RT @motoikotaka: 拡散希望】東北だけじゃない。茨城県も支援が必要です。助けて■2011/3/14 18:19
1500 ガソリンの買い占め、何とかならんかな(/ _ ; )関西圏から、節電で電気の支援は出来2011/3/14 18:19
3/18 1421-1441
No. 単語割合
1 物資 44.8%
2 電池 25.7%
3 ティッシュペーパー 25.4%
4 飲料水用容器 25.4%
5 懐中電灯 25.3%
6 トイレットペーパー 25.3%
7 軽油 25.3%
8 ブルーシート 25.2%
9 保存食 25.2%
10 ガソリン用携行缶 25.1%
11 電力 12.3%
12 水 9.5%
13 ガソリン 8.6%
14 テレビ 8.2%
15 紙おむつ 7.7%
16 食事 7.6%
17 かゆ 6.9%
18 乳幼児用 6.9%
19 入院患者 6.9%
20 無洗米 6.9%
21 流動食 6.9%
22 ボランティア 5.2%
23 血液 4.5%
24 燃料 4.2%
25 食料 4.2%
These vocabularies appear
same number of times.
Thus we can guess they
were retweeted in the same
message.
(Example) the huge amount of retweets
64

Response bias caused by the huge amount of multiple retweets
 You need to delete multiple
retweets to find minor
opinions.
必要だ(87)
被災地(38)
他国(25)
募金(25)
今一番(18)
支援(38)
必要だ(18)
求める(5)
送る(10)
届ける(10)
必要だ(9)
仕分け作業(5)
輸送(5)
必要だ(25)
送る(8)
届く(8)
支援(7)
情報(5)
東日本(19)
海外(6)
支援(6)
今回(4)
被害(4)
送る(7)
グループ(4)
コメント(4)
強要する(3)
支援する(3)
支援(25)
必要以上(24)
緊急(3)
削除する(3)
震災(3)
必要だ(14)
まとめる(5)
更新する(5)
必要だ(7)
募集(4)
募集する(4)
スタッフ(3)
いただく(2)
一杯(3)
手間(3)
確認する(2)
支援(335)
被災地(115)
支援物資(71)
物資(64)
震災(55)
被災者(54)
募金(46)
情報(45)
必要(39)
願う(222)
被災地(211)
必要だ(126)
他国(26)
募金(26)
支援(211)
求める(131)
開設する(113)
支援( 否) (72)
情報(39)
求める(131)
掲載する(131)
更新する(131)
物資(131)
まとめる(116)
必要だ(185)情報(131)
届ける(81)
送る(35)
届く(34)
まとめる(113)
届ける(100)
輸送(91)
溜まる(80)
リスト(26)
送る(24)
使う( 否) (198)
実施する(6)
自然災害(6)
外す(2)
本部あて(198)
支援(867)
被災地(537)
情報(425)
物資(356)
テレビ(305)
支援物資(301)
地域(221)
浦安市内(198)
2011/3/24
検索結果
The number of Tweets
deceased
from 1500 to 489
after deleting multiple
retweets.
Filter tweets and delete
multiple retweets
Support
Support
Support
Support
Support
Relief aid
Relief aid
Relief aid
Relief aid
need
need
need
need
volunteer
Disaster victims
information
information
Devastated area
Devastated area
Fund raise
Portable toilet
demand
65

Create dictionary of synonymous
 It was necessary to discuss how to categorize synonymous
and related vocabulary.
 (EX)“fuel” “kerosene” “gasoline” “Petroleum products”
Advanced analyze is available by filtering
Twitter messages with the list of relief
supplies
3 days
after the earthquake
water ＝ drinking water
water
beverage
drink
distilled water
＝distilled water
1 week
after the earthquake
water＝water
drinking water＝drinking water
beverage＝beverage
＝tea
＝juice
distilled water
＝distilled water
66

Another effected factor
 In March 24, accidental problem occurred which made our analysis impossible
temporarily. This was caused by a popular Q&A game provided on Twitter.
Huge number of people tweeted message containing “lack” to answer “What
are you lacking?” posted in this game.
560 2011/3/24 21:19 ダイスケのTLで不足しているものは「人間性」「わんこ」「理性」「人間性」「わんこ」「理性」です。フォロワーの
562 2011/3/24 21:19 金盞花のTLで不足しているものは｢変態｣｢ﾛﾘ｣｢やらないか｣｢変態｣｢ﾛﾘ｣｢やらないか｣です｡ﾌｫﾛﾜｰの皆様ご
567 2011/3/24 21:19 そーやのTLで不足しているものは「もっこり」「もっこり」「もっこり」「もっこり」「もっこり」「もっこり」です。フォロ
572 2011/3/24 21:19 maziskaaaのTLで不足しているものは「百合」「百合」「百合」「百合」「百合」「百合」です。フォロワーの皆様
573 2011/3/24 21:19 cfo_olのTLで不足しているものは「おんなのこ」「おんなのこ」「おんなのこ」「おんなのこ」「おんなのこ」「おん
575 2011/3/24 21:19 szakiのTLで不足しているものは「慰め」「妹」「政治」「慰め」「妹」「政治」です。フォロワーの皆様ご協力お願
577 2011/3/24 21:19 @asamiaudreyloveのTLで不足しているものは「品格」「品格」「リア充」「品格」「品格」「リア充」です。フォロワ
580 2011/3/24 21:19 ＣＡＬＵＴＯのTLで不足しているものは「ウホッ」「全裸」「まごころ」「ウホッ」「全裸」「まごころ」です。フォロワ
582 2011/3/24 21:19 鈴村苺のTLで不足しているものは「理性」「ダジャレ」「アート」「理性」「ダジャレ」「アート」です。フォロワー
586 2011/3/24 21:19 minomura_isのTLで不足しているものは「ＪＫ」「同性愛」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「同性愛」「ＪＫ」です。フォロワーの皆様
588 2011/3/24 21:19 伊澄のTLで不足しているものは「美少女」「経済」「経済」「美少女」「経済」「経済」です。フォロワーの皆様ご
591 2011/3/24 21:19 @ゆーたむのTLで不足しているものは「落ち着き」「落ち着き」「落ち着き」「落ち着き」「落ち着き」「落ち着き
595 2011/3/24 21:18 tamuraのTLで不足しているものは「慰め」「いたずら」「健全性」「慰め」「いたずら」「健全性」です。フォロワー
612 2011/3/24 21:18 _dra_o__ta_ のTLで不足しているものは「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」です。フォロワーの皆様ご協力お
613 2011/3/24 21:18 libra_yk_のTLで不足しているものは「ＳＭ」「ＳＭ」「ＳＭ」「ＳＭ」「ＳＭ」「ＳＭ」です。フォロワーの皆様ご協力お
617 2011/3/24 21:18 白脚のTLで不足しているものは「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」「ＪＫ」です。フォロワーの皆様ご協力お願いし
618 2011/3/24 21:18 楼のTLで不足しているものは「おねだり」「美少女」「アニキ」「おねだり」「美少女」「アニキ」です。フォロワー
620 2011/3/24 21:18 alwen_bot_zwei2のTLで不足しているものは「セクハラ」「性描写」「いやらしさ」「セクハラ」「性描写」「いやら
626 2011/3/24 21:18 ａsｕのTLで不足しているものは「経済」「仁科」「勃起」「経済」「仁科」「勃起」です。フォロワーの皆様ご協力
630 2011/3/24 21:18 yhatoのTLで不足しているものは「恥じらい」「恥じらい」「恥じらい」「恥じらい」「恥じらい」「恥じらい」です。フ
631 2011/3/24 21:18 ひらのTLで不足しているものは「性描写」「性描写」「性描写」「性描写」「性描写」「性描写」です。フォロワー
632 2011/3/24 21:18 @さっくのTLで不足しているものは「セクハラ」「セクハラ」「セクハラ」「セクハラ」「セクハラ」「セクハラ」です。
633 2011/3/24 21:18 rimusraaのTLで不足しているものは「ノロケ話」「ノロケ話」「ノロケ話」「ノロケ話」「ノロケ話」「ノロケ話」です
634 2011/3/24 21:18 星羅のTLで不足しているものは「スポーツ」「スポーツ」「笑い」「スポーツ」「スポーツ」「笑い」です。フォロワ
3月24日20:20-21:30 511 out of 1500 were tweets to answer this question
67

ANALYSIS OF
“GOVERNMENT” &“INFORMATION”
In early May 2011
68

Analysis for the public opinions about government information policies
 Analysis for the reliability of the government（810（1500Tweet））
 At the time we practiced this analysis, the news that PM decided to halt
operations at the nuclear power plant in Hamaoka, and the news about
Wikileaks were reported. Thus, information related to the two news were
appeared a lot as well .
 Citizens have big question ”The government hide bad
information”
→ strong demand for information disclosure.Earthquake
Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant Nuclear Power Plant
Media
risk
strike Tokai area
Open information
Halt operation
occur
requestwant
contents
government
citizens
necessary TEPCO
lie
hide
hide
Hide information
good
problem
nation
criticize
69

ANALYSIS OF
“RELIABILITY OF THE GOVERNMENT”
In early May 2011
70

Evaluation of governmental activities
 “What is your evaluation of recovery & reconstruction activities
by organizations? ”
 Most people rated 7 and 6 on a 7-point scale.
株式会社インテージ（本社：東京都千代田区、代表取締役社長：宮首賢治）『東日本大震災後の生活者の意識と行動調査』
本調査は、2011年4月5日～4月7日、インテージ・ネットモニターのうち、震災の被害を受けられた地域を除く全国の18～69才の男女個人を対象として、震災後の
意識変化や行動に関してインターネット調査を行い、6,416名から得られた回答結果をまとめました。http://www.intage.co.jp/news/2011/642/
Fire Dept.
JASDF
Local Gov. Gov.
71

Evaluation of information provision by the government
 While citizens placed importance on the governmental websites,
the evaluation is low.
72
Do you increase reliability to the
information provided by the
government after the earthquake?
How do you get information on the
Earthquake & nuclear power plant accident ?
調査名：「東北地方太平洋沖地震に伴うメディア接触動向に関する調査」実
施時期： 2011年3月19日から3月20日まで調査方法：インターネットを用いた
NRIのマーケティングリサーチサービスである「インサイトシグナル
（http://www.is.nri.co.jp/）を利用調査対象：関東（茨城、栃木、群馬、千葉、
埼玉、東京、神奈川）に在住する20歳～59歳の男女個人。男女年代別に人口
構成に比例した割付けを行っている。
株式会社野村総合研究所 2011年3月29日
Portal sites provided
by Governmental Ministries
Do you decrease reliability to the
information provided by the
government after the earthquake?

Newspaper polls
Asahi Shinbun(Newspaper)
 With regard to the Fukushima NO1 Nuclear Power Plant Accident,
do you think the government provide enough information?
 Yes １６ No ７３
 Telephone survey
 Conduct on March 16 & 17
Mainichi Shinbun
 Do you believe the information provided by the government on
the amount of radiation spewing from the nuclear power plants?
 NO：５８％
 Conduct on March 16& 17
73

Analysis of public opinions in Twitter
On May7, we practiced text analysis topic key words “government” and “can’t believe”
 232Tweets
 2011/05/03 14:45:47～2011/05/07 14:53:54
 The result revealed citizens demand the government for detailed explanations on the
numerical criterion (e.g. radiation level )
 In response to the earthquake and nuclear power plant accident, the government officials and
TEPCO staffs announced the situation and relative data such as radiation level of major cities
at the press conference. However the reliability of the government was decreased since they
changed their statements many times as well as some information was different from what
foreign news press reported at the time.
government
TEPCO
Can’t believe
standard
Nation
Mass media
government
Fukushima
citizens
reliability
government standard
Can’t believe
Can’t believe
Can’t believe
Change
Emergency
situation
lost
panic
deceive
74

Real-time analysis of Twitter message using Google real-time search function①
 After the earthquake, it was pointed out that citizens can’t believe in
the government and its announcements. We practiced real-time
analysis of Twitter message using Google real-time search function.
 Text Analysis of Twitter topic keyword “government” and “can’t believe”
 Text Analysis of Twitter topic keyword “government” and “can believe”Frequency of tweet containing “government” and “can’t believe”
Frequency of tweet containing “government” and “can believe”
75

Real-time analysis of Twitter message using Google real-time search function②
 March 14 “can believe”
Necessity for open data
High reliability to Opinion leaders
76

Real-time analysis of Twitter message using Google real-time search function②
 March18 “Can’t believe”
As a result of the coverage of
foreign countries, reliability to the
government decreased drastically!!
The number of the Tweets containing
“can’t believe” achieved a peak on this day
77

ANALYSIS OF
“RUMORS AND BAD REPUTATION "
In early May 2011
78

Analysis of “rumors and bad reputation "
 During May 3-5, we practiced analysis for rumors and bad
reputation of products made in Tohoku region in response to
nuclear accident. Food and products produced around Tohoku
area might have been contaminated with radioactive material;
it caused people to avoid not only food and products made in
Tohoku region but also visiting the region.
 Text Analysis of Twitter topic keyword
“Fukushima” ,“Vegetables” and “Don’t eat ”
79

Analysis of “rumors and bad reputation "
 People had big concerns that food & products produced around
Tohoku area might have been contaminated with radioactive
material.
横浜市の給食が今月から福島や茨城の野菜
を使うそうです。なんで子供達に安全が確立
されていないものを食べさせるのか疑問。
関西テレビの番組で、福島復興支援のためには安全な福島産
の野菜を食べよーー、と、出演者が福島産生野菜をばりばり食
べてたのですが、寒気がしました。
今も放射能は漏れ続けて放射能の雨が大地に落ちてるのに、
どう考えても安全とはいいきれないだろ。
報道機関は大スポンサー東電様の味方なんですね。
「畑の野菜をくれて、翌日食べたかどうか子供に確認する」背筋が
寒くなりました。地域の一体感が一抜け許さない雰囲気に。
実際に２０００ベクレルの野菜を食べ
続けても害がないのか、あるのかな
んて関係ない。『安全かもしれない』
ものより『安全』なものを選ぶのはご
く自然な心理。
福島、関東圏の農家は緩い基準値
にのって出荷するより、被害者として
原発への声を大にするべき。
その方が格段にイメージアップ。
モスバーガーやゼンショーで福島産の野菜を使うとか。
絶対、食べない。国より厳しい基準値とはいうがはっきり示し
ていないしね。汚染度の低い野菜を選ぶのは当然。そもそも
福島産の食材は全て東電が買い取って廃棄すべき代物。
この国が狂っているのは風評被害と偽って放射能に汚染された野菜や魚介類を国
民に食べさせようとしている事だ。官も民も狂っている。・・・自治体も国も放射線量
の詳細を公表しない、本当に国民無視の北朝鮮のような国になっている
地産地消は分かりました（納得はしてませ
ん）では、せめて弁当持参か給食か選択
できるようにしたらどうですか。
市長や教育委員会の考えが全く変わらな
いのと同様に、福島県産の野菜・牛乳な
どを子供に食べさせたくないと考える親の
考えも変わらないと思います。
Fukushima
Fukushima
Fukushima
Made in Fukushima
Vegetable
Vegetable
Vegetable
Vegetable
Vegetable
rumors
Eat Eat
Not eat
Cropped in Fukushima
Safe
campain
farmers
guaraentee
Child
Ibaraki
How do you believe Fukushima-grown
vegetable is safe!?
Safety standard isn’t established!!
I’d avoid vegetable produced
In Fukushima
The government doesn’t publish the numerical
values of a radiation dose.
80

TERTIARY DATA ANALYSIS
In late May
81

Opinion Analysis by Text Mining
 Analyze Twitter message on “Energy conservation”
Energy conservation
A/C
Train
rain
Energy savingelectricity saving measures
summer
This year
lightTV
82

Analyze timeline of PR and its effect size
 METI started a campaign to save electricity in the Tokyo
metropolitan area.
 We practiced text analysis to examine the effectiveness of our PR
activities
Energy conservation
83

Analysis Twitter message by region & male-female ratio
 Count on the number of Tweets
by region.
 Track how the information spread.
http://twitraq.userlocal.jp/
The area many tweets are posted
during this period
Not many Many
Number of Tweet posted
84

Analyze Twitter message in a specific area.
 Applied analysis on a specific area is available.
light
I’m using computer without
tuning on the light
You can select the size of the circle
85

2011/3/11
THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE
WHAT WAS HAPPENING IN TOKYO?
86

What was happening to the commuters heading to home?
87

Situation of railways around Tokyo after the earthquake struck
 The earthquake stuck at 2:24pm.
 In Tokyo, public transportation was halted and many
commuters tried to walk home. Some railways partially
resumed their operation at 9pm.
 According to the survey, 49 percent of respondents answered
they would walk home when a disaster occurs.
 When some railways resumed their operations, commuters all
started to head home.
 30 percent of people who tried to walk home stopped off
train stations or railway station vicinities.
 Train stations and area around the station were very crowded.
Police officers and train staffs made announcements over the
loudspeaker to manage crowded situation.
 People heading home demand information on status of public
transportation and location of evacuation centers.
88

Need answer that anyone can get in any situation,
even when a disaster occurs
Major train stations and bus terminals in Tokyo were crowded with
commuters heading home.
Going home？Staying at the office？ What should I do?
写真：渋谷警察署、東京都89

Big data Analytics project in2012
 How to prevent crowded situation and avoid danger at major
stations and terminals in emergency situation?
 Control the number of commuters heading home.
 Address at the office
 Announcement from media
• TV, radio, major portal site etc
 Confirmation of safety of family
• Dial 171, email, sns, telephone etc
 Confirmation of safety of children
• Email from school, sns, school website
 Determine safe route to home and time to leave the office.
 Gather information from mass media
 Get detailed information on the Internet
 Evacuation guidance by public agencies and volunteers
90

Purpose of this project
 After the earthquake, it was revealed as serious problem that
major train stations and bus terminals in Tokyo were crowded
with commuters heading home.
 Similar situation occurred when a hurricane hits. Serious
confusion and danger situation is expected in case a strong
earthquake strike in Tokyo area.
 In this project, we determine and validate a methodology to
prevent crowded situation and avoid danger in emergency
situation. The experimental demonstration was held in one of
major train & bus terminal in Tokyo “Shibuya”
Data we used for this project
Twitter message from March11- 12 （Provided by Twitter Japan ）
States data on crowded situation（Provided by Zenrin data.com）
Google Trend （Provided by Google）
Evacuation center information in Shibuya-city etc
91

What is our goal?
 Establish operation room to combine various kinds of real-
time information which need for analysis.
 Enables effective evacuation guidance with small number of
staff members.
4万人以上
3万人以上
2万人以上
1万人以上
0.5万人以上
0.5万人未満
前の1時間と比較し
て混雑度が20%
以上増加した地域
火災
通行止
避難所
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休
運休
▲運転再開（20:40）
▲運転再開（20:40）
▲運転再開（20:40）
運転見合わせ
運転見合わせ
運転見合わせ
一部運行
危険関連発言
危険銀座線
安全関連女性関連
0
5 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0
2 5 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0
3 5 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0
4 5 0 0 0
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2 0 1 1 /3 /1 1
2 0 1 2 /1 0 /5
92

Image: how to utilize the text analysis?
 Provide information with commuters heading home
 Encourage to stay at the office
• Capture change of crowded situation and prevent people from getting into crowded area and
terminals.
 Find evacuation route
• Use less crowded terminals
 Make an efficient use of the tool by persons in charge of disaster management at
public agencies
 Capture crowded situation
• Capture situation & troubles by gathering information on Twitter
• Very effective to use fixed-point camera
 Evacuation guidance
• Guide people not to enter crowded area
• Guide people into evacuation center to make them wait until the situation get better.
 Entrance/ traffic regulation
• Prevent crowded situation and avoid danger
 Use many kinds of media
 Encourage to stay at the office
 Use local companies
 Use crowded forecast information
93

Combine data on crowed area with local voices
94
4万人以上
3万人以上
2万人以上
1万人以上
0.5万人以上
0.5万人未満
て混雑度が20%
火災
通行止
避難所
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休
運休
▲運転再開（22:50）
運転再開
運転再開
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
危険関連発言
①Visualize the data to capture the real-time situation
0
5 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0
2 5 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0
3 5 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0
4 5 0 0 0
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2 0 1 1 /3 /1 1
2 0 1 2 /1 0 /5
0
5 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0
2 5 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0
3 5 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0
4 5 0 0 0
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2 0 1 1 /3 /1 1
2 0 1 2 /1 0 /5
0
5 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0
2 5 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0
3 5 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0
4 5 0 0 0
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2 0 1 1 /3 /1 1
2 0 1 2 /1 0 /5
0
5 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 5 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0
2 5 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0
3 5 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0
4 5 0 0 0
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2 0 1 1 /3 /1 1
2 0 1 2 /1 0 /5
人
人
人
人
②Capture detailed trend and information
③Capture the whole picture of the situation (local
voices)
④Further information on specific situatio
⑤Read text messages
Grasp the real-time situation!!
Ginza line of Tokyo Metro
Ginza line started again.･･･････

Image: how it works
95
Over 40,000
Over 30,000
Over 20,000
Over 10,000
Over 5,000
Less than 5,000
fire
blocked
Evacuation center
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休 cancelled
運休 cancelled
▲運転再開（22:50）
運転再開 resumption
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
Shibuya
station is
currently
VERY
crowded!!
Shibuya station is
currently VERY
crowded!!
Shibuya station is
currently VERY
crowded!!
Shibuya station is
currently VERY
crowded!!
Please go
around!!
Evacuation
center is this
way!
Please go
around!!
Train& Bus/ Status
Number of text message about
“danger”
Population density
Area where increased 20% in
population density compared
with previous 1 hour.

March 11 8:00pm Crowded situation map
Over 40,000
Over 30,000
Over 20,000
Over 10,000
Over 5,000
Less than 5,000
fire
blocked
Evacuation center
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休 cancelled
運休 cancelled
▲運転再開（22:50）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
Train& Bus/ Status
“danger”
Shibuya Station
Result of Analysis
96

March 11 8:00pm Population density in Shibuya per 250 square meters
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
※2012/10/5は金曜（人数はいつもNAVIラボ混雑度マップより推計）
人
人
人
人
There were nearly twice
as many people as there
are usually.
Result of Analysis
97

March 11 10:00pm Analyze Twitter message with topic key word “Shibuya”
Aoyama Univ.
Evacuation center
Ginza line
Open for free
Fashion Institute
Shibuya
Shinjuku
Shibuya City
Evacuation center
School
Result of Analysis
98

March 11 8:00pm Analyze specific words tweeted with “Shibuya” (detailed information)
危険銀座線
danger
safety
Ginza line
woman
Result of Analysis
99

100
4万人以上
3万人以上
2万人以上
1万人以上
0.5万人以上
0.5万人未満
て混雑度が20%
火災
通行止
避難所
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休
運休
▲運転再開（22:50）
運転再開
運転再開
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
危険関連発言数
Population density near the
station remains high!
“danger” decreased!!
Result of Analysis

0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
人
人
人
人
Already achieved the peak
Result of Analysis
101

March 11 10:00pm Analyze Twitter message with topic key word “Shibuya”
Evacuation centers are not crowded now
Result of Analysis
102

March 11 10:00pm Analyze specific words tweeted with “Shibuya”
危険銀座線
The station is crowed and
very dangerous.
danger
safety
Ginza line
woman
danger Shibuya station
crowded
crowded
Ginza linestop
sevierstop
woman
relieved
Result of Analysis
103

March 12 0:00 Crowded situation map
Over 40,000
Over 30,000
Over 20,000
Over 10,000
Over 5,000
Less than 5,000
fire
blocked
Evacuation center
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休 cancelled
運休 cancelled
▲運転再開（22:50）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:30）
▲運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
Train& Bus/ Status
“danger”
Result of Analysis
104

March 12 0:00 Population density in Shibuya per 250 square meters
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
14時
15時
16時
17時
18時
19時
20時
21時
22時
23時
0時
1時
2時
2011/3/11
2012/10/5
人
人
人
人
Result of Analysis
105

March 12 0:00 Analyze Twitter message with topic key word “Shibuya”
106
Result of Analysis

March 12 0:00 Analyze specific words tweeted with “Shibuya”
危険銀座線
danger Ginza line
Safety woman
Result of Analysis
107

Lesson learned from urban disaster analysis
 To make efficient use of open data analysis in disaster
management, preparation on a routine basis is highly
important.
 (e.g.)What kind of service to use for the analysis.
 Getting information about new technologies & services is
more important than building a big system by yourself.
 Know-how and expertise is very important to make use of
information analysis.
 Topic keywords
 Establishing methodology of efficient use of text analysis in
response to emergency situation enables the government
quick & flexible disaster management.
108

New reference data complement disaster information.
 Information on the Internet is regarded as reference data to
complement existing disaster information.
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休
運休
運転再開（20:50）
運転再開
運転再開
運転再開（22:30）
運転再開（22:30）
運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
資料：NAVITIME
画面2
交通機関情報
31
画面４
交通情報
32
画面５（行政内部用非公開画面）
Emergency Operation Center
33
画面６
検索傾向
火災・通行止め等の状況
・現時点で火災は発生していません
・現時点で通行止め個所はありません
資料：東京都（東京防災マップ、東京アメッシュ）
渋谷公園通り商店街
いつもNAVIラボ
画面１
地図情報
資料：Yahoo
画面３
つぶやき情報
109

Start operation in 30 minutes.
山手線
埼京線
銀座線
半蔵門線
副都心線
東横線
田園都市線
井の頭線
バス
運休
運休
運転再開（20:50）
運転再開
運転再開
運転再開（22:30）
運転再開（22:30）
運転再開（22:10）
一部運行
資料：NAVITIME
画面2
交通機関情報
31
画面４
交通情報
32
画面５（行政内部用非公開画面）
Emergency Operation Center
33
画面６
検索傾向
火災・通行止め等の状況
・現時点で火災は発生していません
・現時点で通行止め個所はありません
資料：東京都（東京防災マップ、東京アメッシュ）
渋谷公園通り商店街
いつもNAVIラボ
画面１
地図情報
資料：Yahoo
画面３
つぶやき情報
渋谷駅前は
大変混雑し
ております
渋谷駅前は
大変混雑し
ております
渋谷駅前は
大変混雑し
ております
渋谷駅前は
大変混雑し
ております
迂回をお願
いします
避難所はこ
ちらです。
迂回をお願
いします
Very effective!! Use real-time big data.
110

INFORMATION ANALYSIS DRILL FOR
SNOW STORM
20130206
111

Area email
Internet
instruction
Open data analysis drill for disaster management
 Purpose and overview:
 Prevent crowded situation and avoid danger at major stations and
terminals in emergency situation.
 Analyze the information from SNS → Capture the real-time situation
→ Utilize in evacuation guidance → Accumulate knowledge & know-
how
112
Open data
Situation
Analysis
Go around
near the
station!!
Disaster countermeasures Office
Twitter ※Instruction to the site
and area mail were not
conducted in this drill.
Report
Feb.6,2013
Other drills conducting together
・Guidance to neighboring stations
・Transportation Alternative
・Evacuation Guidance

12 monitoring screens planned to be placed
113
Displaying train
status: Public
transportation have
influence on the
people heading
home.
Displaying road
condition & traffic
information: traffic
have influence on the
people heading home
Displaying
population density
per 250 square
meters: Utilize for
smooth evacuation
guidance.
Displaying evacuation
center locations &
whether information:
These data have
influence on behavior of
people in evacuation.
Checking the real-time
situation of the area
Task management:
Organizing the
issues that needs to
be dealt with.
Displaying official SNS
accounts provided by
administrative agencies
as well as cheking
public reaction
Real-time text
analysis
Location of evacuation
canters&
Whether information Train
Road
Condition data
Crowded
Condition EOC
Fixed-point
Camera
Text miningBackup screenSNS meal-time
monitoring system1
Information provided by
administrative agencies
Screen１ Screen ２
Screen ３ Screen ４ Screen ５ Screen ６
Screen７
Screen ８ Screen ９ Screen１０ Screen１１ Screen１２
SNS meal-time
monitoring system2
SNS meal-time
monitoring system3
Free software
Screen１～１１
Screen 12 is the ONLY
paid software

But!! The Drill postponed due to heavy snow.
 Plan B: Information analysis drill for snow storm was carried out.
114
Information of Snow
Situation in Train
Population Density (250m mesh)
Capture the whole picture of the situation
Read text messages
Station
Direction
Can’t ride
Can’t move
There is an emergency patient.
Jump up
Delay
Public sector can grasp the situation.

Switched to Plan B: snow storm management drill in Tokyo
 In this initiative we focus on Shibuya; gathered relevant data on 3.11 including twitter
massage, determined analysis method, and established new model of disaster response
in an urban area. The demonstration experiment namely “Open data analysis drill for
disaster management” was planned to carry out in Shibuya city in cooperating with
Shibuya city and Tokyo Metropolitan Government on February 6th.However, due to the
heavy snow in Tokyo area, the planned drill was postponed.
 In stead, snow storm management drill in Tokyo area was carried out since we
expected to deal with various kinds of disaster. As a result, the efficiency of the text
analysis in disaster management was proved
 Date: February 6, 2013 7:30am-9:30am
 Conference Room in Plus Alpha Consulting
 Three analysis staffs（and three press team staffs）
 5 computers 3 projectors
 We create analysis methodology with free software & services as much as possible so
that local government can implement our methodology easily.
115

Overview
 The forecast to be snow storm turned out to be wrong, and there was a light snowfall
on that day.
 On the evening before, East Japan Railway Company announced to operate less
number of train due to expected snow storm.
 the number of train operation decreased to 70 percent
Tokyo
116

Operation room
 Establish an operation center at 7:30am
 Display information according to our annual, start the analysis
117

Find the problems
1. Check the train
situation online.
2. As a result, we found
Saikyo- line was
crowded.
3. Check Twitter
message, confirm
Saikyo-line was
actually crowded.
Can’t even make a
move on the train
Can’t get on the train
Can’t even make a
move on the train
Delay
(more than30 minutes)
(Saikyo- line)Crowded train Information
Delay
(more than30 minutes)
Reported
date & time
Degree of
congection
New Twitter message about Saikyo-line
(Saikyo- line) Operation Status
Selected specific line from
all train & subway lines around
Tokyo area. 118

Analyze the situation of Saikyo-line (Real-time monitoring )
 The number of Tweets increased drastically at 8am.。
Degree of attention to this Keyword
Key words getting high attention now
Really? Give me a break!!
Saikyo line regulates admission at
the station
Saikyo line halt operation.
Saikyo line
Akabane This tweet reports terrible situation
inside of Akabane station and
around the station.
→We decided to get detailed
information to know the situation of
Akabane station. (See next slide)
119

Analyze the situation of Akabane station. (Real-time monitoring )
 The number of tweets increased since Akabane station was very
crowded.
Akabane station
Akabane station
120

Detailed analysis on the situation of Akabane station
 As a result of our text analysis, it was revealed that Akabane station
and around area were crowded due to admission control at the
station.
Akabane
Situation
Akabane
station
regulation
admission
Saikyo-linePlatform
Can’t enter
terrible
Saikyo line
Platform
Platform
Over
crowded
regulate
regulation
121

Population density analysis
 It shows that so many people were staying around the station.
２月８日
Crowded situation map
Degree of attention to this
Keyword
Time
Akabane station
Crowded situation
122

Analyze individual Tweets
 Check specific tweets posted around Akabane station.
 Some Tweets were posted with GPS information
I’ll be late
The train is overcrowded.
Akabane station
123

Analyze the situation of admission control at the station
 Analyzing Tweets about other stations, there was no big
confusion and trouble at other stations.
124
Akabane
Situation
Akabane
station
regulation
admission
Saikyo-linePlatform
Can’t enter
terrible
Saikyo line
Platform
Platform
Over
crowded
regulate
regulation
124

Opinions to the admission control at the major train stations (detail)
 Major train stations such as Shinagawa and Kawasaki are
crowded and terrible situation but not control the admission.
 We could capture the situation of other crowded stations.
125

Actual situations at the major train stations
 Many pictures are posted on Twitter.
 We could capture very specific situation at the site at the
operation center.
 Long line to get in the stations.
 Platform is crowded with commuters.
126

Switch to other transportations: Bus
 Some commuters switched to go to the office by bus. There
were some comments on operation status of bus.
 There was no comments on operation status of taxi.
I just got in a bus.
Bus takes less time than waiting for train.
127

Check medical crisis and danger in the major stations
 Enable to check if there is any medical crisis at the stations.
There many sick people in the platform.
Medical crisis!!
Many people got sick, train never comes…
128

Handicapped people: the elderly, child, pregnant woman
 Check if handicapped people in trouble due to crowded
situation at the station.
 No report about the case children in trouble, but their family
was worried about their children in crowded station&train.
 There was tweet reporting a pregnant woman looked sick on
a crowded train.
Sorry for my son, he’s now in such a crowded
station right now…
Sorry for my daughter is in this crowded train
129

 Traffic jam around the Akabane station.
 Compared with usual, the traffic is very crowded.
Akabane
station
Traffic information
crowdedNot crowded
Different from usual
Same as usual
Traffic information
Real-time congesting
information compared with
usual
130

Respond of local governments and NPOs
 Kita-City sent out a message alerting on their Twitter account.
 Twitter account operated by a NOP provides information on the situation of Akabane
station.
Kita-City Twitter account
(Precaution)
NOP Twitter account
(Real-time information)
Alert for snow storm a night before. Reporting real-time situation
of Akabane station.
131

Summary of snow storm management drill in Tokyo
 Evaluation at each time
 March 11 8:00pm
• Crowded but not dangerous situation
• Lots of people is searching for evacuation centers.
 March 11 10:00pm
• Lower the population density around the central Tokyo but train stations remained crowded at
this time. The number of tweets mentioning train stations are confused, crowded, and
dangerous.
• Number of tweets about evacuation center decreased
 March 12 0:00
• Already achieved the peak of confusion, not crowded any more.
 Problems & Countermeasures
 Concern that many people go to specific evacuation center all at once in case evacuation
guidance by public agencies is not effectively operated, .
• This is all about the way leading people to evacuation center. It is necessary to capture the
number of evacuation center available and their crowded situation.
 Concern how to response in case there is no internet access in emergency situation
• In such situation, the government sends alert through all kinds of media to staying at home.
Situation should be terrible if there is no internet access due to disaster damage.
 Respondent’s and response bias of Twitter & reliability of information on SNS
• Use data& result of text analysis as reference information to complement existing information.
132

Summary of Information analysis drill for snow storm
 Overview
 There was no serious confusion or panic since the forecast to be snow storm turned out to be light
snowfall on that day.
 However, there was confusion in trains & stations since the railway company decreased the number of
train operation to 70 percent
 “saibows”, a software company, encouraged telework at the day.
• 20 percent of employee worked at home.
 Evaluation & Advantages for each actrs
 While the purpose of the drill force to be changed, the effectiveness of text analysis in disaster
management was proved.
 Advantage for citizen
• Information on crowded situation around the station enables citizens to choose their response from many options.
Use neighboring station less crowded, leaving home later than usual, telework, etc
 Advantage for local governments
• Providing information and precautions to the citizens can prevent dangerous situation at the region.
• Enables to prepare for medical crisis.
 Advantage for the government
• While no measures by central government is necessary in such degree of disaster, the government can provide
precaution & information to local governments.
• In case the transportation system is breakdown in Tokyo area due to disaster, the government can encourage
companies to make their employees to work at home.
 Advantage for media
• Enables to go getting information about relative accidents quickly
• Enables to send alerts to audience in emergency situation 133

Example: alternative train stations
Enable to guide people to neighboring train stations!!
Akabane station
Please take a
neighboring
station!
Please take a
neighboring
station!
Please take a
neighboring
station!
Please go
this way!!
Please go
this way!!
Please go
this way!!
134

Cont. Summary
 Suggestions to disaster management
 Very effective to capture the situation of handicapped people
• Pregnant woman
• People such as the sick or elderly
 Useful to determine transportation alternative
• Determine smooth & effective transportation alternative with
information on railroad operation status and traffic situation
 Local voice & information is available as reference information
 As long as you have the Internet access and basic know-how about the
information analysis, it is possible to launch operation center to
manage emergency situation quickly.
 The issue that could not verify effectiveness in this drill
 Effectiveness of feedback from local governments
135

The quake-hit area
Government &
Local Government Personalized Search
Information about
Support program
Information about
Support program
Appendix 2
136

There are many support programs
offered by Central
and Local Governments
Handbooks
Before the database
 There are many guidebooks about support programs.
137

E-Government Team expected the number
of programs to support post disaster
recovery and reconstruction would grow
further.
So, the team planed
to provide one-stop services.
- Citizen-centric and personalized service
- Single input
- Multi delivery way
( Handbooks, Government web and other web)
- Latest information
- RSS function sends the latest and additional information
- Easy to use for non-specialized staffs sent by other sections or
other local governments
138

Support programs
provided by the city
Support programs
provided by the prefectures
Support programs
provided by the ministries
Support programs
provided by other organizations r-assistance.go.jp
Concept
 Provide Information without exception and quickly
139

Personalized search
r-assistance.go.jp（Launched on Jan.17, 2012）
 This database service provides the information on support
programs for people and business affected by the disaster.
Support desk
Telephone support desk
東北教育支援ネットワーク
官民の各種情報が検索できます
奨学金検索教材検索学校検索
API
Non –Government
Services
Registerbyusingtemplate
The quake-hit area
Local
Governments
Central
Government
140

1. Input your condition
4. Get the form
5. Submit the form (not online)
Apply & Submit
2. Available program list
3. Detail information
of the program
Government staff
and Local
government staff
The process
Consultation
141

Usage
 Following organizations that provide the support program
information.
 All ministries
 Iwate prefecture
 Miyagi prefecture
 Fukushima prefecture
 Ibaraki prefecture
 Cities, Towns and villages
 Over 600 programs
 Over 30000pv/month
142

R-assistance API Hackason(Jun 22, 2012))
 Support specialists, programmers and designers gathered.
 They developed 4 new web services by using API
Automatic Tweet maker
User-friendly web
143

What are you troubled with?
Support program list
Detail information
R-assistance mobile application
 One of the programmer developed a mobile application
by using API
144

Voices
•I am glad that I can search even vague words.
•It is very useful in a user viewpoint.
•For the government staffs and citizens, it was hard to know what kind of support
program was and how to get the support. The one stop service is very convenient.
• Easy to use for elderly person.
•I searched information through trial and error. But I got solution.
•It’s easy to use and helpful.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Evaluation from the staffs of local governments
24.2 56.1 1.51.5 16.7
Very useful useful not so much not useful n/a
USEFUL
Voice from the quake-hit area
145

Government Interoperability
Framework
“Infrastructure for Multilayer Interoperability (IMI)”
146
Appendix 3

Why IMI.
147
Ideathons, Hackathons, Contests
There are so many excellent applications.
But …
Text Mining
2011.3.11
East Japan great earthquake
No Standard format
for support programs.
We needed dictionaries.
Water, please.
What is water?
For drinking?
For washing?
For medical?

Information Technology for Disaster Risk Management

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