1. 5EFSummer2012
Holly Cin

2.  The event started in the past and continues to
the present. We use the ppp to stress that the
event is still in progress. We want to say how
long the event has been happening so we
mention the duration of time.
 Examples:
 1. We have been studying grammar together
for a week (and we are still studying it now).
 2. We’ve been discussing writing since last
Monday (and we’re still discussing it now).

3.  The event happened in the recent past; it is not
necessarily in progress now.
 We either use “recently” or “lately,” or we
mean recently or lately.
 Unlike in case 1, here there is no mention of
how long the event has been happening for
(duration).

4.  Example 1: May has been partying a lot lately.
 Compare this to:
 May has been partying since 9 p.m. last night.
 Example 2: The cat has been eating a lot (lately).
He’s so fat!
 Compare this to:
 The cat has been eating for 3 hours non-stop!
Wow! He must be really hungry!

5. I was gardening from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. I finished
gardening at 11 a.m. At 11:15, I walked into
the house and my hands were dirty. Christian
saw me in the house at 11:20 and noticed my
hands were dirty.
Christian: "Why are your hands so dirty, Holly?”
Holly: "I've been gardening. Excuse me while I go
and wash them."
 Was I still gardening when I saw Christian?
 No. The event had ended in the recent past.

6.  Case 2: Recently, Lately
 You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous
WITHOUT a duration such as "for two weeks."
Without the duration, the tense has a more general
meaning of "lately." We often use the words "lately" or
"recently" to emphasize this meaning.
 Examples:
 Recently, I have been feeling really tired.
 She has been watching too much television lately.
 Have you been exercising lately?
 Mary has been feeling a little depressed.
 Lisa has not been practicing her English.
 What have you been doing?

7.  Case 1: Duration from the Past Until Now
 We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that
something started in the past and has continued up until
now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since
Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the
Present Perfect Continuous.
 Examples:
• They have been talking for the last hour.
• She has been working at that company for three years.
• What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes?
• James has been teaching at the university since June.
• We have been waiting here for over two hours!
• Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for the last
three days?