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1. 16
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B. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Vital Signs: Temperature: 36.5 oC Pulse Rate: 88bpm.
Respiratory Rate: 21 cpm Blood Pressure: 150/90 mmHg.
General Observations:
Received patient lying in bed, conscious, coherent and mentally-oriented
to time, people and place. Patient has fair skin with stitches on the incision site
of the lower abdomen. Overall, patient is in a normal appearance.
Skin: Patient has fair, moist warm and smooth skin. Its turgor is within 1 to 2
seconds.
Hair: Patient has long, black hair. It is distributed evenly. It is smooth and silky.

2. 17
Scalp:The scalp is free from lesions. Tenderness and masses are not noted.
Nails: Nails of patient are pinkish in color. It is a bit square. It is smooth. Capillary
refill is 2 to 3 seconds. No lesions found.
Skull: Patient has a normocephalic head, symmetrical and no masses were found.
Face: The face is able to do any impressions or expressions. It is oblong-shaped,
symmetrical and free from edema and/or masses.
Eyes: Eyes are functioning properly. No inflammation on the eyelids, lacrimal
glands and other surrounding the eyes. The eyes are wet and moist. Sclera on
both sides is dirty white. Conjuctiva has small blood vessels.
Ears: Ears are symmetrical, fair, and no noted discharge and swelling. The
ears can hear perfectly.
Nose and Sinuses: Nose is symmetrical with no inflammation and discharges
noted. Airway patency is present. Sinuses are palpable and resonant when
percussed.
Mouth and Pharynx:Patient has good breathe. Lips are pinkish and smooth
with moist. Buccal mucosa, gums and tongue are pinkish in color, teeth are
dirty white, and the hard and soft palate are pinkish in color as well.
Neck: The neck is symmetrical. Lymph nodes are palpable. Bruit sounds are
heard on the trachea. It isfelt and palpable. Thyroid gland is palpable. No
inflammation or lesions noted.

3. 18
Posterior Chest:The posterior chest is symmetrical with the anteroposterior
diameter at a ratio of 2:1. Tenderness and masses are not found. Thoracic
expansion is 2 to 3 cm. vibrations were felt during tactile fremitus. Resonance
upon percussion, and no wheezing or crackling sounds upon auscultation.
Anterior Chest: Pulsations are felt. No wheezing or crackle sounds are heard
upon auscultation.
Heart: Heart is positioned right and correctly with the cardiac landmarks.
Heartbeats are heard during auscultation.
Vascular System: Carotid arteries are present with pulsations felt. It is
palpable and no lumps are felt. Blood pressure is within normal range.
Lymphatic system:Epitochlear nodes are palpable, as well as, the superficial
inguinal nodes. No tenderness noted.
Breast: The breasts are big due to lactation. There are no dimplings, nipple
discharges, tenderness nor lumps noted. Patient is aware of breast self-
examination and learned it.
Abdomen:Abdomen is round. The umbilicus is inverted. Respiration and
surface motion are present. Pulsations on the abdomen are felt. The abdomen
is palpable.
Female External Genitalia and Anus:Patient has stitches on her perineum.

4. 19
Musculoskeletal System: Patient has grip strength. Temporomandibular joint
is felt. The neck, shoulder, hip, spine, knees, feet, ankles, hands, elbow and
wrists can do the different ranges of motion easily.
Deep Tendon Reflexes: Biceps, triceps, Brachioradialis, patellar, Achilles and
plantar reflexes are present.
Neurologic Screening Assessment: Patient is conscious, coherent and alert.
She has good memory and is mentally-oriented with people, place and time.
She has goos speech patterns and walks properly.
Cranial Nerves Assessment
Cranial Nerve Function Method Client’s Responses
I Olfactory Smell reception and
interpretation
Ask client to close eyes
and identify different mild
aromas such alcohol,
powder and vinegar.
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
distinguish different
smells
II Optic Visual acuity and
fields
Ask client to read
newsprint and determine
objects about 20 ft.
away(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
read newsprint and
determine far objects
III Oculomotor Extraocular eye
movements, lid
elevation, papillary
constrictions lens
shape
Assess ocular movements
and pupil reaction
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
exhibit normal EOM
and normal reaction of
pupils to light and
accommodation

5. 20
IV Trochlear Downward and
inward eye
movement
Ask client to move eyeballs
obliquely
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
move eyeballs obliquely
V Trigeminal Sensation of face,
scalp, cornea, and
oral and nasal
mucous
membranes.
Chewing movements
of the jaw
Elicit blink reflex by lightly
touching lateral sclera; to
test sensation, wipe a wisp
of cotton over client’s
forehead for light
sensation and use
alternating blunt and
sharp ends of safety pin to
test deep sensation
Assess skin sensation as
of ophthalmic branch
above
Ask client to clench teeth
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client blinks
whenever sclera is
lightly touched; able to
feel the wisp of cotton
over the area touched;
able to discriminate
blunt and sharp stimuli
The Client is able to
sense and distinguish
different stimuli
The Client is able to
clench teeth
VI Abducens Lateral eye
movement Ask client to move eyeball
laterally( Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
move eyeballs laterall
VII
Facial Taste on anterior
2/3 of the tongue
Facial movement,
eye closure, labial
speech
Ask client to do different
facial expressions such as
smiling, frowning and
raising of eyebrows; ask
client to identify various
tastes placed on the tip
and sides of the mouth:
sugar, salt and coffee
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to do
different facial
expressions such as
smiling, frowning and
raising of eyebrows;
able to identify different
tastes such as sweet,
salty and bitter taste
VIII Acoustic Hearing and
balance
Assess client’s ability to
hear loud and soft spoken
words; do the watch tick
test(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
Client is able to hear
loud and soft spoken
words; able to hear
ticking of watch on both
ears
IX Glossophar
yngeal
Taste on posterior
1/3 of tongue,
pharyngeal gag
reflex, sensation
Apply taste on posterior
tongue for identification
(sugar, salt and coffee);
ask client to move tongue
Client is able to identify
different tastes such as
sweet, salty and bitter
taste; able to move

6. 21
from the eardrum
and ear canal.
Swallowing and
phonation muscles
of the pharynx
from side to side and up
and down; ask client to
swallow and elicit gag
reflex through sticking a
clean tongue depressor
into client’s mouth
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
tongue from side to side
and up and down; able
to swallow without
difficulty, with (+) gag
reflex
X Vagus Sensation from
pharynx, viscera,
carotid body and
carotid sinus
Ask client to swallow;
assess client’s speech for
hoarseness(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
swallow without
difficulty; has absence
of hoarseness in speech
XI Spinal
accessory
Trapezius and
sternocledomastoid
muscle movement
Ask client to shrug
shoulders and turn head
from side to side against
resistance from nurse’s
hands(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
shrug shoulders and
turn head from side to
side against resistance
from nurse’s hands
XII Hypoglossal Tongue movement
for speech, sound
articulation and
swallowing
Ask client to protrude
tongue at midline, then
move it side to side
(Weber&Kelley; 2011).
The Client is able to
protrude tongue at
midline and move it
side to side
Janet Weber & Jane Kelley; 2011
IV. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

7. 22
A. External Structures:
1. Mons Veneris/Pubis – Pad of fat which lies over the symphysis pubis where
dark and curly hair grow in triangular shape that begins 1-2 years before the
onset of menstruation. It protects the surrounding delicate tissues from
trauma. (Marieb; 2011).
2. Labia Majora – Two (2) lengthwise fatty folds of skin extending from mons
veneris to the perineum that protect the labia minora, urinary meatus and
vaginal orifice. (Marieb; 2011).
3. Labia Minora – 2 thinner, lenghtwise folds of hairless skin extending from
clitoris to fourchette(Marieb; 2011).
 Glands in the labia minora lubricates the vulva
4. Very sensitive because of rich nerve supply Space between the labia is called
the Vestibule(Marieb; 2011).
5. Clitoris – small, erectile structure at the anterior junction of the labia
minora that contains more nerve endings. It is very sensitive to temperature

8. 23
and touch, and secretes a fatty substance called Smegma. It is comparable
to the penis in it’s being extremely sensitive(Marieb; 2011).
6. Vestibule – the flattened smooth surface inside the labia. It encloses the
openings of the urethra and vagina. (Marieb; 2011).
7. Skene’s Glands/Paraurethral Glands – located just lateral to the urinary
meatus on both sides. Secretion helps lubricate the external genital during
coitus. (Marieb; 2011).
8. Bartholin’s Gland/Vulvovaginal Glands – located lateral to the vaginal
opening on both sides. It lubricates the external vulva during coitus and the
alkaline pH of their secretion helps to improve sperm survival in the vagina.
(Marieb; 2011).
9. Fourchette – thin fold of tissue formed by the merging of the labia majora
and labia minora below the vaginal orifice. (Marieb; 2011).
10. Perineum – muscular, skin-covered space between the vaginal opening
and the anus. It is easily stretched during childbirth to allow enlargement of
vagina and passage of the fetal head. It contains the muscles (pubococcygeal
and levator ani) which support the pelvic organs, the arteries that supply
blood and the pudendal nerves which are important during delivery under
anesthesia. (Marieb; 2011).

9. 24
11. Urethral meatus – external opening of the urethra. It contains the
openings of the Skene’s glands which are often involved in the infections of
the external genitalia. (Marieb; 2011).
12. Vaginal Orifice/Introitus – external opening of the vagina, covered by a
thin membrane called Hymen.(Marieb; 2011).
B. Internal Structures:

10. 25
1. Fallopian tube/Oviduct – 4 inches long from each side of the uterus (fundus).
It transports the mature ova form the ovaries to the uterus and provide a place
for fertilization of the ova by the sperm in it’s outer 3rd or outer half.
Parts:(Marieb; 2011).
 Interstitial – lies within the uterine wall
 Isthmus – portion that is cut or sealed in a tubal ligation.
 Ampulla – widest, longest portion that spreads into fingerlike
projections/fimbriae and it is where fertilization usually occurs.
 Infundibulum - rim of the funnel covered by fimbriated cells (hair
covered fingerlike projections) that help to guide the ova into the
fallopian tube.(Marieb; 2011).
2. Ovaries – Oval, almond sized, dull white sex glands on either side of the
uterus that measures 4 by 2 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm thick. It is responsible

11. 26
for the production, maturation and discharge of ova and secretion of estrogen
and progesterone. (Marieb; 2011).
3. Uterus – hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ, 3 inches long, 2 inches
wide, weighing 50-60 grams held in place by broad and round ligaments, and
abundant blood supply from the uterine and ovarian arteries. It is located in
the lower pelvis, posterior to the bladder and anterior to the rectum. Organ of
menstruation, site of implantation and provide nourishment to the products of
conception. (Marieb; 2011).
Layers:
1. Perimetrium – outermost layer of the uterus comprised of connective
tissue, it offers added strenght and support to the structure. (Marieb; 2011).
2. Myometrium – middle layer, comprised of smooth muscles running in 3
directions; expels fetus during birth process then contracts around blood
vessels to prevent hemorrhage. (Marieb; 2011).
3. Endometrium – Inner layer which is visibly vascular and is shed during
menstruation and following delivery. (Marieb; 2011).
Divisions of the Uterus:
1. Fundus – upper rounded, dome-shaped portion that can be palpated to
determine uterine growth during pregnancy and the force of contractions
and for the assessment that the uterus is returning to it’s non-pregnant
state following child birth. (Marieb; 2011).

12. 27
2. Corpus – body of the uterus. (Marieb; 2011).
3. Isthmus – area between corpus and cervix which forms part of the lower
uterine segment. It enlarges greatly to aid in accommodating the fetus. The
portion that is cut when a fetus is delivered by a caesarian section. (Marieb;
2011).
4. Cervix – lower cylindrical portion that represents 1/3 of the total uterus.
Half of it lies above the vagina; half of it extends to the vagina. (Marieb; 2011).
5.Vagina – a 3-4 inch long dilatable canal located between the bladder and
the rectum, it contains rugnae which permit considerable stretching without
tearing. It acts as a organ of intercourse/copulation and passageway for
menstrual discharges and fetus. (Marieb; 2011).
V. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF PREGNANCY
Sexual intercourse
MALE FEMALE
Release of FSH by the anterior Pituitary Gland
Development of the graafian follicle
Production of estrogen
(thickening of the endometrium)

13. 28
Release of the Luteinizing Hormone
Ovulation
(release of mature ovum from the graafian follicle)
Ovum travels into the graafa tube
Fertilization
(union of the ovum and sperm in the ampulla)
Zygote travels from the fallopian tube to the uterus
Implantation
Development of the fetus/ embryo and placental structure until full term
Preliminary signs of labor
Lightening Braxton Hicks Contraction Ripening of the cervix
(descent of the fetal wherein (or false labour or practice (the softened, effaced and
head into the pelvis softer like contractions) dilated condition of theearlobe)
cervix just prior to labor)
True labor
Uterine contractions Show Rupture of the membranes

14. 29
(at regular intervals that begin (After the discharge of the mucous (rupture of the amniotic sac at the onset
before the fetus is mature, plug that has filled the cervical canal of, or during, labor.)
usually before the due date during pregnancy, the pressure
of delivery) of the descending presenting part
of the fetus causes the minute
capillaries in the cervix to rupture. )
Pregnant woman with blood pressure higher than 140/90 mmHg
Before 20 weeks Gestation After 20 weeks Gestation
No/stable Proteinuria increase blood pressure Proteinuria No Proteinuria
/ HEELP syndrome
Preeclampsia Gestational HPN
Preeclampsia
Eclampsia
VI . EXPLANATION OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE DISEASE
CONDITION / SYMPATHOMATOLOGY
The current concepts regarding the pathophysiology of eclampsia
recognize that eclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by
vasoconstriction, metabolic changes, endothelial dysfunction, and activation
of the coagulation cascade in conjunction with an inflammatory response.
Women with underlying microvascular disease, such as diabetes,
hypertension, and collagen vascular disease, have a higher incidence of
eclampsia.
Normal placental development involves progressive loss of the
musculoelastic tissue in the spiral arteries that feed the vessels of the

15. 30
intervillous spaces, which results in uterine blood flow increases of nearly
25% during the first trimester. This process of remodeling the maternal
spiral arteries that branch from the uterine artery is typically completed
by 18-20 weeks' gestation.
This physiologic dilatation of the spiral arteries does not occur because
the placental trophoblast cells do not invade the spiral arteries, resulting in
maintenance of narrow vessels with resultant placental hypoperfusion and
ischemia. In severe cases, not only do the spiral arteries maintain their
muscular structure, but other pathologic changes also occur.
Accumulation of fat-laden macrophages with fibrinoid necrosis (ie, acute
atherosis), disruption of the basement membranes, platelet deposition,
mural thrombi, and proliferation of intimal and smooth muscle cells all
decrease the luminal diameter.
The narrowed and damaged spiral arteries become thrombosed,
resulting in placental infarction and necrosis. Uteroplacental blood flow is
then reduced by 50-75%. The anatomical reduction in blood flow may be
complicated by vasospasm of the uteroplacental bed.
The primary defect in preeclampsia appears to originate at the
maternal-fetal interface (the placenta). Decreased placental perfusion is
thought to lead to fetoplacental ischemia. The ischemic placenta may
produce circulating antiangiogenic factors that promote generalized
maternal vascular endothelium dysfunction, leading to systemic

16. 31
manifestations of preeclampsia. Associated abnormalities in clotting and
platelet function contribute to vasoconstriction and platelet adhesion and
aggregation, as well as to the activation of coagulation factors that increase
the risk of thromboembolic formation.
The primary feature of clampsia, development of hypertension, occurs when
normally extreme vasodilatation does not occur. Although cardiac output
increases 30-50%, the decreased peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) results
in decreased BP, even in women with chronic hypertension. Women who
develop preeclampsia experience an increase in PVR and alterations in
vascular sensitivity to endogenous hormones (eg, angiotensin II,
catecholamines, vasopressin). This increase in vascular reactivity to
pressor hormones may be mediated, at least in part, through damage to
vascular endothelial cells, disrupting the normal prostaglandin balance.
The normal expansion of blood volume by 50% that occurs with
pregnancy is decreased by 15-20% in patients with preeclampsia. This is
the result of diminished plasma volume, leading to the relative
hemoconcentration observed in preeclampsia. The plasma volume
abnormality involves a redistribution of extracellular fluid, such that
interstitial fluid volume is increased while the plasma volume is
decreased. The hematocrit increases as the severity of preeclampsia increases.
Circulating blood volume is maintained by the increased vascular tone.
(Pillitteri; 2011)

17. 32
VII. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT
A. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
A.1 LABORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATIONS
Diagnostic
or
Laboratory
Procedure
Indication or
Purpose
Results Normal
Values
Analysis and
Interpretation
of Results
WBC Count
To determine infection
or
Inflammation Pre-
operation
Assessment of the patient.
19.5 H 108/L 3.5-10.0 H
109/L
No infection or
inflammation
is present.
RBC Count
Pre-operation
assessment of
The patient.
4.23 1012/L 3.80-5.80
Decreased RBC count on
pregnant is normal
because of the increase in
plasma volume during
pregnancy.

18. 33
Hemoglobin
Pre-operation
assessment of
the patient.
133 g/L 110-165 L g/L
The result indicates that a
1000 ml sample of
blood contains 96 g of
hemoglobin. Decreased
hemoglobin on pregnant is
normal because of their
increase in plasma.
Hematocrit
Pre-operation
assessment of
the patient.
.
366 L 1/1 .350-.500 L
1/1
The result indicates that a
1000 ml sample of
blood contains .29 g of
hemoglobin. Decreased
hematocrit on pregnant is
normal because of their
increasein plasma volume.
URINALYSIS
TEST NAME RESULT SIGNIFICANCE
MACROSCOPIC
 color
 pH
 protein
 glucose
MICROSCOPIC
 RBC
 WBC
 Epithelial cells
 Mucus Threads
 Amorphous
material
Yellow
6.0
(+)
(-)
0-1
0-2
Few
Few
Few
Few
Normal
Normal
High
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low

19. 34
 Bacteria
A.2 Treatment and Procedures
1. Vitals Signs Taking
vital signs will be continually monitored while recovering. The Client’s
Respiratory rate, Pulse rate, blood pressure, and temperature are typically
tracked while recovering.(Pillitteri; 2011).
2. Intake and Output Monitoring
Intake Is any measurable fluid that goes into the patient's body. Intake
includes fluids (such as water, soup, and fruit juice) and "solids" composed
primarily of liquids (such as ice cream and gelatin) that are taken by mouth

20. 35
(orally), fluids that are introduced by IV, and fluids that are introduced by
irrigation (through a tube)(Pillitteri; 2011).
Output Is any measurable fluid that comes from the body. Water given off in
the form of perspiration and water vapor (exhaled breath) is also output, but it
is not recorded on the DD Form 792, since it cannot be accurately measured.
(An adult usually looses about 500 milliliters (ml) a day through perspiration
and moisture exhaled in breathing.) The major forms of output recorded on the
worksheet are urine, drainage, vomitus (matter vomited), and stools (fecal
discharge from the bowels).(Pillitteri; 2011).
3. Perineal Care
Cleaning of perineum and the materials it uses is inb accordance to the policy
of the institution. In SVGH, the perineum is clean with lukewarm water and an
antiseptic agent like betadine solution before birth. Following delivery of the
placenta, the perineal area of the mother is washed with tap water as vaginal
canal is clean manually.(Pillitteri; 2011).
4. Delivery
Before the cesarean section procedure, the patient was given anesthesia to
numb the pain. The doctor then made horizontal incision in the abdomen and
uterus. After the incision was made, the baby was delivered through it, and the
placenta was removed. After the cesarean section procedure, the incision was

21. 36
closed with stitches.When the cesarean section was started, the doctor made a
6- to 8-inch incision in the abdomen directly over the uterus. The incision was
horizontal, which was side to side. The baby was then delivered through this
opening.(Pillitteri; 2011).
5. New born Care
The umbilical cord was cut, and the baby was handed to the healthcare
provider, who took him to a small, warmly lit plastic crib called a warmer. Then
the baby was cleaned and dried and eventually checked by the pediatrician.
After the baby had been delivered, the placenta was carefully removed from the
uterus. At that time, the patient received oxytocin, a drug that causes the
uterus to contract and helps prevent serious bleeding. The doctor then closed
the incision on the uterus, and the incisions in the skin were closed with
stitches that would dissolve on their own.(Pillitteri; 2011).
A.3 Medications
See Appendix E

22. 37
A.4 DIET
1. NPO
After the surgery the doctor ordered the NPO diet. NPO is a type of diet
people are placed on by their medical professionals. A NPO diet is most often
seen in a hospital setting. Some patients can be placed on a NPO diet for just a
short time while others may have to stay on it for a much longer time. Patient
cannot have anything that would go in the mouth including food, beverages and
oftentimes medications. Patient can be made NPO for a variety of reasons
including an upcoming surgery, medical procedure or test. She cannot have
anything to eat or drink prior to surgery to honoring the NPO status is very
important.
2. Clear Liquid/ General Liquid
Patient is on a clear liquid diet consists of clear liquids, such as water and plain
gelatin, that are easily digested and leave no undigested residue in your intestinal
tract. The doctor may prescribe a clear liquid diet before certain medical procedures or
have certain digestive problems. Because a clear liquid diet can’t provide with
adequate calories and nutrients, it shouldn’t be continued for more than a few days. A
clear liquid diet is often used before tests, procedures or surgeries that require no food
in the stomach or intestines, such as before colonoscopy.
BREAKFAST ½ cup of oatmeal & 1 glass of milk
LUNCH ½ cup of corn soup & 1 glass of water
DINNER ½ cup of chicken soup & 1 glass of juice
3. Soft Diet
After the clear liquid the doctor ordered a soft diet. A soft diet is recommended in
many situations, including surgery involving the mouth or gastrointestinal tract, and

23. 38
pain from newly adjusted dental braces. A soft diet can include many foods if they are
mashed, pureed, combined with sauce or gravy, or cooked in soups, chili, or curries.
BREAKFAST 1 cup of rice, 1 bacon & 1 glass of milk
LUNCH 1 cup of rice, 1 serving of chicken soup, 1 banana & 1 glass of
water
DINNER 1 cup of rice, I serving of vegetable soup with 1 ripe of mango & 1
glass of water
4. Full Diet
After the soft diet, the patient is ordered DAT. Diet is tolerated is a term that indicates
that the gastrointestinal tracts is tolerating food and is ready for achievement to the
next stage. Therefore, this statement is most effectively in regard to the diet after
abdominal or gastrointestinal surgery, signifying the patient’s wellness of her diet.
BREAKFAST 1 cup of rice, 1 hotdog & 1 cup of milk
LUNCH ½ of rice, 1 slice of meat, & glass of juice
DINNER ½ cup of rice, 1 fish, & glass of water
B. NURSING MANAGEMENT
B.1 Nursing Care Plan
See Appendix C
B.2 Discharge Plan
See Appendix D
ACTUAL CARE GIVEN
1. Vitals Signs Taking
Monitoring of vital signs was done every shift, intake and output measurement
were not strict operating procedure yet we were required t monitor the client’s
intake and output.
2. Administration of Medication

24. 39
Medications were administered via oral route TID as prescribed by the
physician with a full stomach to decrease GI upset.
3. Bedside Care
Giving optimal health both to the mother and client served as our goal as we
performed some nursing interventions like promoting a conducive environment
through bedmaking and adjusting the room temperature. We as well assisted
the client with her needs such as changing of position and guiding her as she
walked.
4. Health Teaching
As a health care provider, I discussed the concept of Family Planning to the
client and gave her information on the proper newborn care & the importance
of proper nutrition and exercise to promote health and prevention of disease
See Appendix F
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING THE CARE
The patient was very cooperative as I deal with her. She was a bit shy and aloof
at first but as the establishing rapport progresses she was able to manage the
timidity and shared her predicaments of pregnancy and delivery. When I was
about to give the medications due for 6pm. I wasn’t able to do it on time for the

25. 40
client never had her lunch yet. She was still waiting for her SO to arrived whom
brought her meals. For 2 days of nursing care, there were no aberration
present; hence, nursing care was done spontaneously.
IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion
Nurses can help the nation achieve National Health Goals. These goals
speak directly to both fetus and the mother because pregnancy is a high risk
factor for them. Close monitoring in pregnant women and health teaching as
much as possible about pregnancy could definitely reduce life threatening
complications.
Studies show that there is no certain facts that will give us the idea
where Eclampsia arise. But there so many factors that could prevent this
complication such as diet modifications, proper compliance with the health
care providers, proper exercise.And if the complication is already present,
proper monitoring, proper diet and drug compliance should be ruled in.

26. 41
The main purpose of the study was successfully met. The major
reason why the patient underwent a surgical procedure called LSTCS was due
to Eclampsia. The baby exhibited non-recessing fetal heart tone as uterine
contractions occur. The operation was done to resolve the risk of pregnancy
and eventually save the baby’s life.
Further run through of the study showed that there are many
other complications that would pose a risk to pregnant women. These were
more complicated and rare. Unlike those, Pre-eclampsia are seen most
commonly in pregnant women experiencing labor.
Recommendation
As a nursing student, it is a responsibility to give a pregnant patient the
proper recommendation so she can make herself ready if any problem will
arise. She should be monitored frequently—her blood pressure, medical history
and also check the baby inside if he/she is doing well or in the proper position.
The most important one is the mother’s health. The mother should be given
the proper care for herself and for the baby. There is a possibility that a
caesarean delivery might be planned advance if a medical reason is needed or it
might be unplanned and take place during the labor if some problems occur.
The mother must be given the proper knowledge regarding a vaginal or
caesarean delivery right from her first pregnancy. For caesarean section, it is
very complicated operation which can have some risks like death for the

27. 42
mother, sometimes have some initial trouble breathing for the newborn babies
and will make them drowsy from the pain medication administered to the
mother. Breastfeeding maybe difficult due to the limited mobility of the mother
after the operation. A pregnant woman must be well cared by a nurse with her
personal attending obstetrician.
With this study, the student nurses were able to gain more knowledge
and wider view and perspective of the complication of pregnancy which is
Eclampsia. Thus, the student nurses would like recommend and share some
pointers on how to deal with different diseases with pregnancy specifically
Eclampsia.
To the health care team, they should righteously implementing basic and
ideal procedures regardless of the health care facilities where they belong. They
must observe and always remember to keep in line with their duties towards
both the mother and the child during the pregnancy.
X. IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY TO
A. Nursing Education
This study helps in enriching the knowledge base of the nurses
regarding the concepts of this kind of complication. This would greatly help in
determining the risk factors that would possibly be prevented from occurring
once there is an application of this study. This can cater all the questions

28. 43
regarding how and why this certain kind of operation is performed. The best
thing about this study is that there is a comprehensive explanation of the
relationship between the surgery performed and the cause of this high-risk
pregnancy. The cause is highly fatal if not given attention so this gave
motivation to performing CS. This broad information would really enhance the
previously learned concepts of the nurse so as to help him/her in becoming a
competent nurse.
B. Nursing Practice
This study helps in giving care to a woman experiencing high-risk
pregnancy. Appropriate measures and interventions can be taken which are
very useful in promoting the health status of the client. The nurse’s skills are
further guided as to how he/she manages the implementation of nursing
procedures in order to meet the varying needs of his/her patient. This study
alarms the nurses when to act immediately in cases of unexpected or unusual
situations which might pose a risk to the mother or the baby or maybe both.
Having competency in performing the procedures is the most effective way of
responding the needs of the client. That is why this study is equipped with
numerous appropriate and effective interventions that would somehow guide
and develop the nurse in his/her nursing practice.

29. 44
C. Nursing Research
As it is a comprehensive compilation, this study greatly helps in the
development of nursing profession. It typically shows how an individual was
able to cope up with this kind of complication. As we all know, each individual
has a unique adaptive mechanism. This study gives relevant contribution to
modern studies at it is of a high-technologically based study. Modern facilities
are used in the performance of care to the patient, monitoring and as well as
the operation. Moreover, there is a good complementation since the patient is
at high risk. It shows the beneficial relationship of our technological advances
to science nowadays. This study will further be a basis of improving the
nursing approach to high-risk pregnancies.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Sources:
Doenges, Marilyn E., et al. Nurse’s Pocket Guide. 7th edition. F.A. Davis
Company, Philadelphia, 2009.
Kozier et al Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Processes, and Practice. 5th
ed. Addison – Wesley Publishing Co. Inc.
Pillitteri, A. Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and
Childrearing Family. 6th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2008

30. 45
Tate, P., et al Seeley’s Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc., 2009
Internet Sources:
www.nursingcrib.com/nursing-notes-reviewer/ectopicpregnancy/
Retrieved (March19, 2012)
www.wikipedia.com/eclampsia/pregnancy/
Retrieved (March 20, 2012)
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