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Dr.
Jim
Kauffman
Consultant
and
Product
Manager
DDI
Reinvent
Performance
Management
into
a
Leadership
Process
Diane
Bock
Senior
Consultant
DDI
6. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Reinvent Performance
Management into a
Leadership Process
7. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Who We Are
Global execution
excellence across
91 countries
59% of revenue
from repeat
customers
Industry’s top
instructional
designers,
technologists &
consultants
Talent management
consultants
+ Talent Acquisition,
+ Leadership Development,
+ Succession Management
45 years of
research and
innovation in
assessment &
learning
Principles behind our
services transform
lives in and out of the
workplace
9. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.© Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
10. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Poll—Rationale for changing
performance management—
Choose all that apply
q People hate performance management.
q Executive leadership has mandated a change in Performance Management.
q PM has been damaging to employee engagement, collaboration, or performance.
q Backward-looking evaluation is no longer as important to company success as
forward-looking growth, learning, and development.
q Feedback and coaching needs to occur more frequently.
q The current annual system is too static for our environment of changing priorities.
11. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Change to:
• Simpler
• Consider science of human motivation
• Less evaluation
• More emphasis on development and growth
• More focus on fewer objectives & behaviors
• Separate from compensation decision
• Focus on the future not the past
• MORE CONVERSATION
13. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Pitfall 1: No Clear Purpose for
Performance Management
14. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Purposes of Performance Management
for Organizations that have Changed PM
• To inspire people to do their best work.
• To inspire and retain 100% of solid performers.
• To drive execution through ongoing feedback that aligns
to agile and innovative business.
• To empower and engage employees through more
meaningful discussions between managers and their
reports.
• To reinforce our organizational values and support our
mission to maximize the customer experience.
16. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Pitfall 2: Stretching Performance
Management in Too Many Directions
17. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Discussing Pay Raises Separately
• HR may still have guidelines on percentages
allowed for meets, exceeds, does not meet.
• Manager considers performance, where the person
is in their pay range, the HR guidelines.
• Have the pay discussion at a separate time…for
example on employee anniversary.
18. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Pitfall 3: Over-focus on Complicated
Process
“Simple clear purpose and
principles give rise to complex
intelligent behavior.
Complex rules and regulations
give rise to simple stupid
behavior.”
- Dee Hock, founder of Visa
19. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Example: Complicated process—
proficiency levels
• What’s the difference
between “awareness”
and familiarity?”
• What’s the difference
between “difficult”
“considerably difficult”
and “exceptionally
difficult?”
• What if 50% of
situations encountered
were “difficult,” and
50% were
“considerably
difficult,” what rating
do I get?
RATING
SCALE
STRUCTURE
Proficiency
level
Behavioral
competencies
Func6onal
competencies
Expert
(level-‐5)
Excep6onally
difficult
situa6on
Key
resources
Advises
other
Demonstrates
Comprehensive
Expert
understanding
of
concept
and
process
Advance
(level-‐4)
Considerably
difficult
situa6on
Broad
understanding
of
concept
and
process
Immediate
(level-‐3)
Difficult
situa6on
Require
occasional
guidance
Understanding
of
concept
and
process
Basic
(level-‐2)
Somewhat
difficult
situa6on
Familiarity
with
concept
and
process
Awareness
(level-‐1)
Simplest
situa6on
Require
regular
guidance
Awareness
of
concept
and
process
20. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Simple Templates to Enable Performance
Conversations
21. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Simple Templates to Enable Performance
Conversations
24. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Skills by Years Needed to Become an Expert
Coaching
skills
don’t
blossom
on
their
own,
interven7on
is
needed.
“High
Resolu.on
Leadership:
A
Synthesis
of
15,000
Assessments
into
How
Leaders
Shape
the
Business
Landscape”
DDI
2016
Mastery Never Occurs for
Coaching and Development
25. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Percent Rating the Same Performance
Management System as “VERY GOOD”
Gallup
April
4,
2013
My
Manager
is THE
BEST!
70%
My
Manager
is Below
Average.
2%
26. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Coaching Problems
• Happens too rarely
• Poor skill
• Lack of clear expectations/
agreements for
performance
• Waiting until the
performance shortfall is
chronic or critical
27. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
People who receive
assessments in the bottom
10% have a 36% chance of
making it into the top half
within a year.
‘‘ ‘‘
28. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Coaching Problems
• Happens too rarely
• Poor skill
• Lack of clear expectations/
agreements for performance
• Waiting until the
performance shortfall is
chronic or critical
• A fundamental
misunderstanding of
coaching
31. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Assessment Data
10,000+
Assessment
Center
Par.cipants,
DDI
COACHING
AND
DEVELOPING
OTHERS
Clarify
the
Situa?on
Provide
Feedback
Convey
Expecta?ons
Assess
Gaps
/
Opportuni?es
Guide
Collabora?ve
Development
Foster
Confidence
33. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
33
1. You
are
an
expert.
2. You
remember
what
it
was
like
to
learn
to
ride
a
bike.
3. You
know
very
well
what
can
go
wrong.
4. You
can
go
online
and
find
good
advice.
34. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Common Barriers to Proactive
Coaching
• Manager not familiar with employee work,
tasks, work partners, or pending challenges.
• Employees need coaching in areas where
his/her direct manager lacks experience or
expertise.
• Manager can’t imagine what could go wrong
or be challenging.
35. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Telling
Wow,
that’s
his
good
advice?
Make
sure
you
are
well
prepared.
36. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Seeking is the Key to Proactive
Coaching
Let’s
touch
base
on
your
new
assignment.
What’s
your
biggest
challenge
right
now?
I’ve
just
been
working
on
that…
I
have
a
customer
with
an
unusual
request.
37. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Pitfall 5: Disconnected from the Science
of Human Motivation
• Stacked or forced ranking on
a bell curve
• Single overall ratings
• Brain-wired with bias for
negative
38. Our
brain’s
response
to
lack
of
acceptance,
uncertainty,
or
loss
of
control
• Stressed
• Social
pain
• Fight
or
Flight
• Diminished
cogni?ve
ability
39. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Leader Skills that Consider Science of
Human Motivation
Brain-‐Friendly
(trust-‐building)
Leadership
Techniques
Praise
Delega6on
Transparency
Empathy
Autonomy
Authen6city
“Neuroeconomics
and
the
Firm”*
*by
Paul
J.
Zak,
American
neuroeconomist
40. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Five Pitfalls
1. No clear purpose declared for
Performance Management
2. Stretching Performance
Management in too many directions
3. Over-focus on complicated process
4. Under-focus on leadership skills
5. Disconnected from the science of
motivation
41. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Advice
• Clear/specific goals alone can increase performance 36% (CEB).
• Coach on operational targets (i.e. SMART objectives), behavioral
expectations also called “competencies,” and people relationships.
• Decrease time spent looking backward and creating documentation.
• Increase percentage of time spent in PROACTIVE coaching.
• Discontinue a single overall rating, do not use forced ranking or a bell
curve.
• Separate compensation discussion.
• Simplify—and define a clear purpose for performance management.
• Meet personal needs for esteem, empathy, involvement, trust, and support.
(i.e. align with science of motivation)
43. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Contact us…
Diane Bock
diane.bock@ddiworld.com
Jim Kauffman
jim.kauffman@ddiworld.com
45. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Does human performance follow the bell
curve? Research says NO.
46. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
In over 93% of cases, a
Paretian distribution
more closely represented
the distribution of
performance than a bell
curve (Gaussian
distribution).
THE
BEST
AND
THE
REST:
REVISITING
THE
NORM
OF
NORMALITY
OF
INDIVIDUAL
PERFORMANCE
ERNEST
O’BOYLE
JR.
and
HERMAN
AGUINIS
A
Normal
Distribu6on
(black)
Overlaying
a
Pare6an
Distribu6on
(grey)
47. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
“Let us make a special effort to stop communicating
with each other, so we can have some conversation.”
- Mark Twain
Conversations Matter
48. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
So Many Connections, So Many
Questions
• Should we drop Performance Management?
• Should we drop performance ratings and/or rankings?
• How can we set pay raises without performance ratings?
• Do we need documentation? Document what?
• What are the legal ramifications of changing?
• How can we ensure managers will be good coaches? About what should
they be having regular conversations?
• What software/technology do we need to support the process?
• How do we get management support for changing?
• What kind of change management effort is needed?
• How will we make sure star performers continue to get visibility?
49. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Simpler Competency Rating Approach
COLLABORATING
Working
coopera.vely
with
others
to
help
a
team
or
work
group
achieve
its
goals.
• Contributes
to
goal
accomplishment—Makes
sugges?ons,
volunteers
assistance,
offers
resources,
or
removes
obstacles
to
help
the
group
achieve
its
goals.
• Asks
for
help
and
encourages
involvement—Leverages
others’
skills
and
gains
their
support
by
asking
for
their
ideas,
opinions,
and
par?cipa?on
when
solving
problems,
making
decisions,
and
carrying
out
plans.
• Informs
others
on
team—Shares
important
or
relevant
informa?on
and
ra?onale
with
others;
summarizes
to
check
understanding.
• Models
commitment—Adheres
to
the
work
group’s
expecta?ons
and
guidelines;
fulfills
team
or
work
group
responsibili?es;
demonstrates
personal
commitment
to
group
goals.
- Met expectations - Performed above expectations - Did not meet expectations
50. © Development Dimensions Int’l, Inc., 2016. All rights reserved.
Focus on the CONVERSATION
2015
Research
on
“Performance
Management”
by
Nick
Holley,
The
Henley
Centre
for
HR
Excellence,
and
Aksshay
Malaviya
2015
Research
on
“Performance
Management”
The
Henley
Centre
for
HR
Excellence
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