The document summarizes technologies for building a carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) value chain. It describes current mature carbon capture technologies like amine-based capture and discusses future developments. It outlines the full CCUS process from capture to transportation, purification, liquefaction, and storage. Industrial hubs around the North Sea are positioned to be early parts of the CCUS value chain due to existing infrastructure and proximity to storage in the North Sea. Technologies are at a commercial level to design an integrated CCUS network, with the largest opportunities in northwest Europe.

1. TECHNOLOGIES for building the CCUS VALUE CHAIN  NOW
BILFINGER TEBODIN
June 2022

2. Green Fuels/Plastics
Energy Efficiency
Hydrogen
Carbon Capture
Battery Production
Bilfinger – Industrial Service Provider - SYSTEM Integrator
Development of products and services
Turnarounds
Maintenance
Digitalization
Integrated Projects
Inspections
Core Portfolio Strategic Services Energy Transition
Rotating Equipment
EI&C
Construction
Fabrication
Engineering
page 2

3. The CO2 Problem
▪ What can we do to significantly reduce
CO2 emissions in the coming 10 years?
▪ What are the CO2 reduction solutions
in FOCUS for Industry?
▪ Energy Efficiency …first option
▪ CCUS ..significant
▪ Electrification ..after 2030 ?
▪ Green Hydrogen ..after 2030 ?
Carbon Value Chain
Houston ! we have a problem!
The too high CO2 concentration
in the atmosphere causes Global
Warming!

4. The CCUS Value Chain
Carbon Value Chain

5. The CO2 Problem
What is the CARBON VALUE CHAIN?
Carbon Value Chain
Industry
O&G Processing
Power Plants
Waste Incineration
Trucks
Ships
Pipelines
Capture or
Separation
Purification
and
Conditioning
Compression
and
Liquefaction
Transportation Utilisation
Storage
EOR / EGR
Depleted Fields
Treatments Compression
or
Liquefaction
Chemical
Building Block
Sustainable fuels
Industry
Green Houses

6. CCS is NOT NEW
Carbon Capture and Storage or better Enhanced Oil Recovery was applied in the US
as from 1972
And first dedicated deployment was in Norway in 1996 with the Sleipner project
Carbon Value Chain

7. BILFINGER in CCUS
Active since early 2000´s
2004 - 2005
2009
2010 -
2013
2011
2013 2017 - 2019
2019
ROAD
NL
Permit
package and
dispersion
calculations
PORTHOS
NL
Gasunie:
simulation
model for the
entire CCS
system
AVR Duiven
NL
Concept,
engineering and
tendering of the
first waste-to-
energy CC plant
from flue gasses
to utilize in
horticulture.
Barendrecht,
NL
Conceptual
design and
cost estimate
for CO2
compression
and storage
OCAP
NL
Assistance for
the engineering
phase of the
new LCO2
peak shaver
installation
Vopak & A.V.
NL
Liquid Logistic
Shipping and
CO2 transport
system
Concept
MASDAR
UAE
Engineering of
CC facility,
infrastructure
for EOR and
CO2
enrichment
studies
2020 -…
Fluxys
Antwerp
CO2 transport
infrastructure
+ liquefaction
terminal in
Antwerp
NORTHERN
LIGHTS
NOR
Total, Equinor,
Shell. CO2
infrastructure
and undersea
storage
2021 - …
TulipGreen
CO2 DEMO
project
Technical
review of
technology and
LoI for Demo
Plant
2021 - …

8. Deep dive into TECHNOLOGIES
Today we can build on a
broad set of widely
reviewed Technologies.
With a unified benchmark
method being TRL levels.
Carbon Value Chain

9. TECHNOLOGIES – Current Status and some future developments
Carbon Value Chain

10. CCUS solutions
How does an amine based Carbon Capture plant look like?
Carbon Value Chain
Liquefaction &
Refrigeration
Bilfinger Bilfinger + Partners Partners
Storage and logistics
Compression,
drying and filtration
Quench
Flue gas line 1
Acid washer
MEA cycle Liquefaction+
NH3 cooling
Absorber Stripper
Condensate
Steam
BB-
Compressor ACF
CO2
condenser
Capture or Separation
Purification and
Conditioning
Compression
and
Liquefaction
Transport
Storage

11. Mid-scale Carbon Capture plant
200 kton CO2/a Carbon Capture plant.
• Low cost – generic Amine – capture SOLUTION
• Optimized heat-integration fitting client specific situation
• Flexible Liquid CO2 storage solutions
• Branded Amine possible
ca. 30 m x 50 m
low
low
200 KTPA Standard
Capture Plant
Carbon Value Chain
Footprint
Steam consumption
Power consumption

12. Carbon Capture: what´s all about?
Name | Management Days 2022 page 12
What is Carbon Capture Utilization Storage Reference Project
Industry
O&G Processing
Power Plants
WasteIncineration
Trucks
Ships
Pipelines
Capture or
Separation
Purification
and
Conditioning
Compression and
Liquefaction
Transport Utilisation
Storage
CO2
Emission
EOR / EGR
Depleted Fields
Treatments Compression
or
Liquefaction
Chemical Building Block
Sustainable fuels
Green Houses
Bilfinger Bilfinger + Partners Partners
Storage and logistics
Compression,
drying and
filtration
Pre-Conditioning
Flue gas line 1
Acid washer
Ammine cycle Liquefaction,
NH3 cooling
Absorber Stripper
Condensate
Steam
BB -
Compressor
Filters
Capture
Utilization

13. Technologies landscape
Name | Management Days 2022 page 13
75 % of all current projects
are Chemical/physical
absorption

14. Today’s mature TRL 9 technologies in Carbon Capture
Carbon Value Chain
Technology Key
Vendors
Projects
Liquid
Solvent
Traditional amine
solvents
Multiple Widely used in fertilizer
and natural gas processing,
e.g. Sleipner, Snovit
Physical solvents
(selexol, rectisol)
UOP, Linde
and Air
Liquide
Widely used in natural gas
processing, coal
gasification plants, e.g. Val
Verde, Shute Creek
Solid
Adsorbent
Pressure Swing
absorption/Vacuum
Swing absorption
Air Liquide,
Air Products,
UOP
Port Arthur SMR CCS
Membrane Gas Separation
membranes for natural
gas processing
UOP, Air
Liquide
Petrobras Santos basin

15. Tomorrow’s TRL 6-8 technologies in Carbon Capture
Carbon Value Chain
Technology Key Vendors Projects
Liquid Solvent Chilled ammonia Baker Hughes Demonstration plants
Water-lean
Solvent
Ion clean Energy,
CHN Energy, RTI
FEED for commercial plants,
Gerald Gentleman station,
Jinjle pilot plant
Enzyme catalyzed
absorption
CO2 solutions Commercial plant in
Quebec
Solid
Adsorbent
Temperature
swing adsorption
Svante FEED for commercial plants
Membrane Polymeric
membranes/cryo
genic separation
MTR FEED studies for large
pilots/pilot studies
Solid looping Calcium looping Carbon
Engineering
Feasibility studies for
commercial scale
Inherent CO2
capture
Allam-Fetveldt
Cycle
8 Rivers Capital 50 MW demo plant in La
Porte

16. Today’s mature TRL 9 technologies in Carbon purification & Liquefaction
Carbon Value Chain
Technology Key Vendors Projects
Water removal Refrigeration and
condensation
multiple Gas processing
Adsorption with
silica gel/glycol
multiple Gas processing
Compression Multistage
centrifugal
MAN, Siemens, EOR
Screw compression MAN, Mycom Waste-to-
Energy, Food
Liquefaction External
refrigeration
Linde, Air Liquide,
Union
Waste-to-
Energy, Food
Internal
refrigeration
? Specific Food
projects

17. 200 KTPA Standard
Liquefaction & Storage
Carbon Value Chain
Mid-scale Carbon Capture plant
200 kton CO2/a Carbon Capture plant.
• Liquid Storage for 4-5 days operations
• Loading station for 3 trucks
• 3 trucks per hour // daytime
ca. 25 m x 35 m
Footprint

18. Today’s TRL levels in CO2 transport technologies
Carbon Value Chain
Technology TRL Projects/
Vendors
Pipeline 8000 km in USA
Transporting 70 mtpa
Dense Phase CO2 transport
9 Multiple
Truck Mature 9 Multiple
Rail Mature but not massive 7-9 -
Ship Mature but not massive
Low (6/8) Medium (15) or
High Pressure (50)
3-9 “K” Line, KNCC,
Carbon Collectors
Ship
Infrastructure
Highly comparable with LNG
and LPG
2-9 Northern Lights
None operational

19. Mid-scale Carbon Capture plant
• Post combustion Carbon Capture
• Generic/Branded amine technology
• Modularized
• Low COST
• Optimized footprint (Tailor-made solution
results in optimized usage of space)
Bilfinger special CCUS solutions
CO2 transport Grids
• Extensive Pipeline expertise
• Liquid and dense Phase CO2 transport
expertise
• State of the Art 3D design tools
• Valve and compression stations
• HDD expertise
Carbon Value Chain
CO2 conditioning and liquefaction
• CO2 polishing technologies
• PSA technology
• TSA technology
• OEM Partners for compression
• OEM Partners for liquefaction
CO2 transport by Ships
• Logistic concepts for different transport
modes: Truck, train and ship
• Partners for in-land and near-shore
shipping solutions
• Including in delivery: Intermediate
storage and Liquefaction capacity

20. Today’s TRL levels in CO2 storage – Focus on Offshore
Carbon Value Chain
Technology TRL Projects
Enhanced Oil
Recovery
9
Nearly 50 years oper.
> 40 EOR operations
worldwide
Storage in saline
formations
9
In operation since 1996
Sleipner
Storage in
depleted oil and
gas fields
5-8
Demonstration projects
8 demo projects
running
Unconventional
Storage
Basalt 2-6
mineralization of CO2
Wallula Project (USA)
Carbfix Project
(Iceland)
ECBM 2-3
Storing CO2 and
production of CH4
4 pilots (3 in USA, 1 in
China)

21. It is not only about TECHNOLOGIES – Let’s look to the full PICTURE
Carbon Value Chain

22. CCUS in Europe  North Sea
Current activities in Projects
In 2020, there are 51 large-scaleCCS facilities/ projects:
 19 operating
 4 under construction,
 10 FEED stage
 18 early development
From the 19 operating:
 17 in industrial sector
 2 in power
United Kingdom
5 Industrial Regions
▪ Aberdeen
▪ Teesside
▪ Humberside
▪ South Wales
▪ Liverpool Bay
▪ Hynet
North Sea
▪ Taqa
▪ Total
▪ Neptune
▪ Shell
▪ Equinor
▪ Wintershall
Netherlands & Belgium
• Porthos – PoRotterdam/Gasunie
• Aramis – PoRotterdam/Total,
Shell,Gasunie
• Carbon Connect Delta -
NorthSea Ports
• Antwerp@C - Port of
Antwerp/Fluxys
Norway
• Northern Lights
• Norcem – Aker Solutions
• Fortum - TechnipFMC
Target Region >>>> North Sea

23. Industrial HUBS are first movers in CCUS
Carbon Value Chain
Industrial HUBS as entities to lead in CO2 reduction in CCUS!
The HUBS directly linked to the North Sea have an advantage
1. Rotterdam  Porthos project
 Aramis Project
2. Humberside  NetZero Humber
3. Antwerp/Gent : 2 main Ports
possibilities for GRIDS
4. North Rhine Westphalia/ Ruhr : connection via River Rhine
GRID connection > 300 km

24. Conclusions
1. The TECHNOLOGIES are at a commercial level to jointly design and build the
largest DEDICATED CCUS value chain in North-West Europe
2. The NORTH SEA will be the CENTRE for storing CO2 in depleted gas
reservoirs and saline aquifers
3. The Industrial HUBS around the North-Sea, such as Rotterdam,
Humberside/Teeside, Antwerp/Gent etc will be the FIRST parts of the value
chain
4. Large Liquid CO2 terminals will be part of these HUBS
5. FIT for 55 is a major driver and ETS taxation schemes will determine the
speed of transition towards this new value chain
6. Further Legislation and funding schemes need to remove borders
7. BILFINGER is ready to SUPPORT
Carbon Value Chain

25. Rene de Schutter
Business Development Manager
Accelerating the Industrial Energy Transition
Engineering & Maintenance
Bilfinger Tebodin NWE
Laan v nieuw Oost-indie 25
2593 BJ The Hague, Netherlands
Mobile +31650266634
rene.de.schutter@bilfinger.com
www.bilfinger.com
Your BILFINGER contact:
Carbon Value Chain
Thank you