1. Accounting for Tourism:
alignment across scales and
boundaries
Wednesday 6th February, 11am – 1pm
Chaired by:
Dr Rachel Dunk, Crichton Carbon Centre

2. Workshop Programme
11.00-11.10 Welcome and Introductions
11.10-11.25 Feedback from last year’s activities, todays key questions and
survey responses
11:25-11:45 Janie Neumann (Visit Scotland) - Quality and Sustainability
11:45-11:50 Q&A
11.50-12:10 Stuart Park (GTBS) - Carbon Monitoring for GTBS Members
12.10-12.15 Q&A
12:15-12:45 Break Out Group Discussions – Addressing the Key Questions
12.45-13:00 Feedback to the Group and Close

3. ICARB: The Initiative for Carbon Accounting
We are a group of academics, policy makers and
professionals working to create a set of
transparent, consistent and accurate rules for
carbon accounting.
We exist to advance the field of carbon accounting
to facilitate the reductions in carbon emissions
necessary for a sustainable society.
Supported by

4. ICARB: Approach and Stakeholders
Our approach is inclusive and collaborative –
consensus building.
Our (Tourism) stakeholders include:
• Tourism agencies (national and regional)
• Industry groups & bodies
• Tourism businesses
• Policy makers
• Academics
• Carbon / Env. / Sust. managers & consultants
• Other 3rd sector / support organisations

5. ICARB: What resources are available?
• Presentations from workshops and conferences
• Experts’ Directory
• News, blog and discussion
• Resources
• Tools
see http://icarb.org
Join the ICARB Mailing List to keep up to date
with latest news and events.

6. 5th International Conference on Carbon Accounting:
Towards Rules and Tools for
Carbon Accounting in Scotland
Wed 13th March, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh
Speakers include: Garvin Heath, NREL, Denver
Angela Druckman, RESOLVE, Surrey University
Daniel Hinze, Scottish Government
Adam Hawkes, Imperial College London
Gary Davis, Ecometrica
Frazer Wilson, Pricewaterhouse Coopers
Sarah Boyack MSP
Register at:
http://icarbconference.org/

7. Review of Last Years Activities
1st Stakeholder Workshop
• Made first steps towards forming a stakeholder group
• Considered which tourism actors
– are core tourism businesses (in the rule book)
– are supporting businesses (data needed from them for
determining footprint of the ‘core’ tourism business)
– should facilitate / support carbon measurement and
reduction in the tourism sector
• Proposed sub-categorisation of core tourism businesses
• Identified potentially significant Scope 3 (supply chain)
emission sources that should be included in carbon
accounting

8. Revised Industry Engagement Model
Technical Method
Development
Workshops / Activities Refined
Methods
Pilot Dissemination & CPD / Skills
Training Workshops / Development
Activities
Best Practice
Case Studies
Industry Pilots / Road
Testing

9. Tourism – key outstanding issue
• Transport and moving toward regional /
destination level carbon accounting model for
sustainable tourism
Operational Context
Departing Tourists
Tourist Tourist
Generating Transition Route Region Destination
Region Returning Tourists Region
Source: Leiper 1990

10. Objective for Today
Expand the Stakeholder Group
Answer the Key Questions...
1. What should a carbon accounting tool look like
(be able to do) to meet the needs of all
stakeholders from small businesses to support
agencies and policy makers
2. Tourism and Transport
– Whose responsibility do you think it is to measure
and reduce emissions from tourism related transport?
– How would you evaluate visitor travel?
– What data is needed? Who should collect it?

11. Tourism Sector Survey – Initial Results
• ~10 questions addressing standards, guidance,
the desired characteristics and role of carbon
accounting in the tourism sector
• 35 registered workshop attendees, of which 19
completed the survey
ASK: we would like to increase the response rate
in advance of the conference – we would be
grateful for your assistance in circulating the link to
colleagues and clients with an interest in carbon
accounting / sustainability management (and
encouraging them to complete the survey)

12. Involvement with C Accounting - Frequency
Never – Very Often
Activity % Ave Max
Developing Carbon Accounting
74% Sometimes Very Often
Standards, Methodologies or Guidance
Internal User 68% Sometimes Very Often
Provide Sustainability Support Services 67% Sometimes Very Often
Regularly/Ofte
CM Trainer 53% Very Often
n
Provide CM Support Services 33% Sometimes Very Often
Registered Verifier of Sustainability Regularly/Ofte
24% Very Often
Scheme n
Regularly/Ofte
Registered Verifier of a QA Scheme 11% Sometimes
n
Registered Verifier of a CM Scheme 0% Never Never
We have a lot of expertise in the room

13. Reasons for Carbon Accounting - Rank
Forced Ranking
Reason Overall Range Mode
Rank
Reducing Carbon Emissions 1 (2.5) 1-4 2 (7)
Sustainability - People, Planet, Profit =2 (2.7) 1-6 1 (7)
Protecting the Environment =2 (2.7) 1-5 1&2 (5)
Reducing Costs 4 (3.1) 1-6 2&3 (5)
Corporate Social Responsibility 5 (4.9) 2-6 5 (8)
New Markets / Customer Demand 6 (5.1) 1-6 6 (11)
Different to business views?

14. Business Drivers
Not a Strong
Business Drivers Motivator
Motivator Motivator
Reducing operating costs 2% 44% 54%
Meeting customer demands and
4% 44% 52%
expectations
Personal Interest 9% 43% 47%
Avoiding negative public relations and
12% 61% 28%
being good neighbours
Achieving a competitive advantage 18% 50% 33%
Meeting association membership criteria 27% 55% 18%
Complying with internal company policies 22% 42% 37%
Complying with UK and Scottish
31% 54% 14%
Regulations
Pryor et al., in prep

15. Carbon Accounting Criteria - Importance
Not at all – Very Important
Criteria Ran Range Mode Ave
k
Moderate-
Robustness 1 Very (9) Very
Very
Moderate-
Accuracy 2 Very (8) Important
Very
Moderate-
Justifiability 3 Very (7) Important
Very
Stakeholder/Funder Moderate-
4 Important (7) Important
Reporting Very
Internal Decision-Making 5 Slightly-Very Important (6) Important
Public Reporting 6 Slightly-Very Important (9) Important
Mandatory Reporting Important =
7 Slightly-Very Important
Standards Very (6)
Voluntary Reporting
Everything is Important –
Moderate-
8 methods must be Robust
but Moderate (8) Important
above all
Standards Very

16. Carbon Accounting Aspects - Importance
Not at all – Very Important
Aspect Ave Rk Aspect Ave R
k
Comparison within Importan
Easy to Apply Very 1 8
Sector t
Comparison to Comparison between Importan
Very 2 9
Benchmark Organisations t
Importan
Direction of Change Important 3 External Verification 10
t
Comparison between Importan
Change over Time Important 4 11
Projects t
Effectiveness of
Comparison between Importan
Emission Reducing Important 5 12
Products t
Actions
Effectiveness of
Comparison between Moderat
Behaviour Change Important 6 13
Sectors e
Actions
Magnitude of Change Important 7

17. Comparing Carbon Inventories - Difficulty
Easy – Very Difficult
Comparison Average Range Mode
Within Organisation –
Neither Easy – Very Easy = Difficult (4)
Over Time
Within Sector –
Between Difficult Neither – Very Difficult (4)
Organisations
Between Sectors Difficult Neither – Very Very (5)
Around half of respondents
answered don’t know / never

18. Discussion Groups
Janie Stuart Steven
Louise Edwards Mehriban Nazarova Anar Gurbanzade
Aysel Mustafayeva Yizhu Bao Lala Imanova
Shabnam Farzaliyeva Alisah Shrestha Aynur Piriyeva
Gunay Huseynova Gunay Ismayilova Wai Him Chan
Amanda Krats Heather Campbell Lisa Mcdade
Areej Riaz Arzu Tairguliyeva Sui Lian Lim
Ewan Hyslop Warren McIntyre Ben Twist
Kenneth Wardrop Emma Sinclair Jane Ali-Knight
Corinne Doff Sue Roaf Ruth Monfries
Anna Scott Scott Brady Keith Baker

19. Key Questions
1. What should a carbon accounting tool look like
(be able to do) to meet the needs of all
stakeholders from small businesses to support
agencies and policy makers
2. Tourism and Transport
– Whose responsibility do you think it is to measure
and reduce emissions from tourism related transport?
– How would you evaluate visitor travel?
– What data is needed? Who should collect it?