This document discusses diesel power generation plants with multiple engines running in parallel and connected to the electrical grid. It covers the key components and subsystems of these plants, including fuel storage, air intake, exhaust, auxiliary power requirements, and typical layouts. The objectives are to provide emergency or supplemental power for industrial facilities and small communities that lack reliable main power sources. Larger plants require additional infrastructure like heat recovery boilers, fuel treatment systems, and switchgear to control and distribute the generated electricity.

1. Diesel Power Generation Plants with
Multiple Machines in Parallel and on
the Electrical Power Grid
Technology Training that works

2. Learning objectives
• Industrial applications
• Power generation plant applications
• Essential subsystems in a Engine based power plant
• Single and multiple sets
• Fuel storage requirements
• Air Intake system
• Exhaust system
• Auxiliary power requirements
• Typical power schemes
• Typical power plant layout
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

3. Application of Diesel Generators in Industry
• Mainly used for emergency power assistance
• Loads will typically consist of:
– Critical drives
– Battery charges/UPS equipment
– Emergency lighting
– Safety related equipment (fire fighting, cooling water)
• Any other facility requiring power without long interruption if
mains power fails
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

4. Application of Diesel Generators in Industry
• Supplementing regular power source
• Areas with weak grids of inadequate capacity
• Unreliable power supply
• Aim is to continue with production to full capacity
• Shortfall from external power source is made up
• Base load operation (in parallel with grid) is NOT the objective in
such a case
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

5. Power generation applications
• Non-industrial power generation application for small
towns and communities
• Lack of other resources
– Hydro-electric power or other means is not possible
• Long distance from existing grid resources
– Uneconomical to establish T&D infrastructure
• Small capacity requirements
– Thermal /nuclear generation unviable for such capacity
• Multiple generators for reliability
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

6. Power plants using Diesel Generation
• A power plant contains all essential facilities for operation and
supply of power
• Main component is naturally the engine-generator
• Will also include other facilities such as:
– Fuel storage, cooling equipment, lubrication systems, auxiliary ac and
dc power, switchgear for generator and auxiliaries, minor repair and
maintenance facilities
– Control and instrumentation of the engine
– Synchronising facility where needed
– Associated power off take/distribution switchgear
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

7. Engine generator
• Usually supplied as a complete unit
• A common base-frame/skid with engine generator
and mounted auxiliaries
• Sometimes portable units for small capacities
• Can be complete with generator control,
switchgear
• Requires hook up to external facilities located
outside the base-frame
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

8. Typical Portable Generator Set
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

9. Layout of a small DG installation
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

10. Layout of a large DG installation
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

11. Salient aspects of large DG plants
• Heat recovery boiler located on roof as a part of the stack
system
• Feed water tank for boiler
• Overhead crane in DG hall (Electrically operated where
required)
• Heat exchangers/cooling towers outside the building (one
for each unit) for radiator water cooling
• Air filter at intake point with silencer
• Fuel treatment plant and fuel circulation system
• Lube oil tank below grade level
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

12. Fuel storage system-Typical
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

13. Fuel storage-salient features
• Storage capacity of 15 days to 30 days of consumption
• Metal storage tanks (separate for each fuel) for fuel and lube
oil
• Tank farm with dyke for containment
• Local codes for flammable/explosive substances to be adhered
to
• Truck unloading and receiving arrangement with measuring
facility
• Fire hydrants and foam type extinguishers
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

14. Air intake
• For combustion air to the engine
• Intake filter facing outside
• Oil wetted filters for large ratings
– Viscous oil used captures fine dust
• Silencers required to limit noise to 40 dB (A) as air velocity can
be high
• Compressor unit of Turbocharger at intake point with an after
cooler
• Isolation using bellows between intake system and turbocharger
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

15. Exhaust system components
• Turbo-charger (recovers exhaust gas energy)
• Ducting from engine exhaust with expansion bellows
• Silencer
• Waste heat recovery boiler
• Chimney
• Exhaust gas quality measurement devices
• Lightning protection/aviation obstruction lights for
chimney
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

16. Typical exhaust system
Plan view
Section
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

17. Auxiliary power system
• Auxiliary power is about 3 to 4% of DG output
• Main auxiliaries
– Lube oil pump
– Engine cooling water pumps
– Fuel injection pumps
• Auxiliary source: DG Plant power
• Auxiliary transformer for HV alternators
• Redundancy for aux. power to meet failures
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

18. Auxiliary loads (Fuel system)
• Fuel oil unloading pumps
• Fuel oil separators or purifiers
• Fuel oil transfer pumps
• Fuel oil Booster pumps
• Return oil pumps
• Lube oil unloading pumps
• Lube oil separator units
• Pre lube oil pumps
• Sludge transfer pumps
• Oily water transfer pumps
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

19. Other auxiliary loads
• Starting air compressor
• Instrument air compressor
• DG hall ventilation system consisting supply and exhaust fans
• Plant water system motors
• Plant lighting loads
• Workshop Equipment Loads
• Air conditioning loads for control room
• Switchyard equipment and Plant HT and LT switchgear power requirement
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

20. Important aspects in planning
• What is the objective of the generation?
• What will be the voltage of the generators?
• Generator location and hook up with the system
• What is the capacity requirement?
• Multiple generators to be provided? (Synchronising and load
sharing)
• Sizing of generator units
• Special conditions to be looked at (de-rating may be necessary)
– Large drives to be started on the generator
– High non-linear load component
– Unbalanced loads to supplied
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works

21. DO YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE?
If you are interested in further training or information, please
visit:
http://idc-online.com/slideshare
www.idc-online.com/slideshare Technology Training that Works