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THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A FARMLAND
MONITORING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a resolution of using wireless sensor networks to improve the
productivity of agriculture. The application of the sensor networks is introduced briefly at
first, then the design and implementation of the hardware and software of the sensor nodes
and sink node is discussed in detail. The experimental results show that the system can work
effectively in monitoring the ecology environment of the farmland and its application will
prominently improve the productivity of agriculture.
The task of the system is to monitor the temperature and moisture of the soil and air.
The sensor nodes deployed in the monitored region are responsible for the acquisition of
ecology parameters of the farmland. The data sampled then were sent to the sink node via
wireless communication in there the data were classified and stored for each user. The user
can query these data by using their user terminal or the data can be sent automatically to the
user at specified time. So in order to perform the tasks described above, the system should
consist of three main components: the sensor nodes used for data acquisition, the sink node
responsible for data processing and communication, the user terminal that sends command to
the sensor network and receives data from the sensor network for the user to read.

2. The users send commands to the sink node via GSM by using the user terminal. The
sink node that receives the commands then identify the ID of the user, send data pooling
command to the corresponding sensor node. The sensor node then is waked up and gets into
the working state. The active sensor node start up the data acquisition process then send the
parameters of the farmland to the sink node directly or transfer through other nodes. The data
from the targeting site such as the temperature and moisture of the soil and air, will be
classified by the sink node, and then is sent to the end user by GSM or other wireless
communication.
This project uses regulated 5v, 750ma power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage
regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the
ac output of secondary of 230/18v step down transformer.

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
POWER SUPPLY

4. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
 CONTROLLER
 POWER SUPPLY
 LCD DISPLAY
 GSM
 MAX 232
 TEMPERATURE SENSOR
 HUMIDITY SENSOR
 Soil moisture sensor
 ADC
ADVANTAGES
 It gives immediate information to the control unit
 Simple and reliable
 Low cost
 Easily applicable
APPLICATIONS
 It used at coal mines
 It is used at public places
 It is used at industries.
 Military applications