1. Peptide Pharmaceuticals: Development in Russia and Worldwide Vladislav Deigin “ Peptos Pharma” Moscow, Russia Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia JV “Pharma Bio”

2. Genomic Proteomic Peptidomic Planet Galaxy Universe Peptides – universal bioregulators

5. Total amount of registered API in USA and Europe Non-peptide/protein drugs (over 5000) Peptide/protein drugs (~60 synthetic peptides and ~15 proteins)

7. Peptide pharmaceuticals – one of the fastest growing segments of the world market Clinical indication for the peptide drugs . Publications related to synthetic peptide preparations Sales volume for 10 the best selling peptide pharmaceuticals Number of peptide products in the development pipeline in 2008

10. There are 13 original branded peptide drugs developed and marketed in Russia Peptide pharmaceuticals: Route of administration 1 Dalargin (anti –ulcer) - IM 2 Thymogen (immunomodulator) - IM, Intranasal 3 Semax (neuroprotector, after stroke ) – Intranasal 4 Likopid (immunomodulator) - sublingual tablets 5 Immunofan (immunomodulator) - - Sq. injections 6 Thymodepressin (immunosupressor) – IM, Intranasal 7 Deltaran ( adaptation, neuroprotector) – IM 8 Gepon – (antiviral, immunomodulator) - Sq. injections 9 Sedatin (vet. market) - (stress – and anxiety protector) - IM, Intranasal 10 Bestim – (immunomodulator) – IM 11 Allokin-alfa - Subq. injections 12 Noopept (nootropic) – oral tablets 13 Stemokine (Neogen) – (hemopoietic booster) – IM, Intranasal

11. Latest survey of research areas in modern drug discovery field Over 53% of most active researchers are dealing with immune-related drug - candidates Research related to immune system Published by Bioinformatics LLC

12. Peptides affecting the immune system – the most advanced area of peptide pharmaceuticals approved in Russia Immunoactive Peptide Pharmaceuticals: Indications 1 Thymogen Immunomodulator, antiviral 2 Likopid Immunomodulator, antiviral 3 Immunofan Immunomodulator, antiviral 4 Thymodepressin Immunosupressor 5 Gepon Immunomodulator, antiviral 6 Bestim Immunomodulator 7 Allokin -alpha Immunomodulator, antiviral 8 Stemokine (Neogen) Hemopoietic booster, Immunomodulator

13. Лекарственные препараты разработанные «Пептос Фарма» Immunomodulators Immunosupressor Hemostimulant Approved peptide pharmaceuticals developed by IBCH RAS and “Peptos Pharma Ltd” Thymogen for injections Nasal Spray Thymogen for injections Nasal Spray Stemokine for injections Likopid tablets Neurotropic pharmaceutical for treatment of neurotic and stress related disorders

14. D -GLU – D -TRP Thymogen L - TRP D - D -TRP L -GLU D - G LU Thymodepressin IMMUNOSTIMULATION IMMUNOSUPPRESSION L -GLU – L -TRP CHEMICAL AND OPTICAL STRUCTURES OF GLU –TRP ISOMERS

15. T- cell B-cell L-L ( natural ) D-D ( synthetic antagonist )

16.    1. CONTROL 2. CYCLOSPORIN A ( 50 mg/kg) 3. THYMODEPRESSIN ( 1 0 µg / kg) SUPRESSIION INDEX COMPARISON OF CYCLOSPORIN A AND THYMODEPRESSIN ON GVHD SUPRESSION (MICE SPLENOMEGALY MODEL )

17. * * * Ctrl titers COMPARISON OF CYCLOSPORIN A AND THYMODEPRESSIN ON AUTOANTIBODY SUPRESSION (Mercury inducing antibodies to fibrillarin, prophylactic mode)

18. PASI 68 PASI 6 Patient B. before treatment Patient B. after one month

19. Patient C. before treatment by Thymodepressin Patient C. after 4 month (one cycle of treatment)

23. secretion GMDP – NOD2 : molecular mechanism of action and signal pathways NUCLEUS NOD2 GMDP peptidoglycan RIP2/RISC 1kB NF-kB IL-1  proIL-1  GMDP key: CARD NOD LRR Kinase

24. INFLUENCE OF PEPTIDES ON HEMOPOIESIS Suppression by Thymodepressin Stimulation by Neogen Stimulation by Likopid Stimulation by Thymogen

26. В- cells FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS EPITOPES FOR: Т- helpers SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE VACCINE Site responsible for virus reception PATENTED SYNTHETIC FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VACCINE APPROVED FOR VETERINARIAN USE IN RUSSIA Active principle - synthetic fragment of the VP1 viral protein acylated by palmitinic acid; Adjuvant – synthetic polymethylsiloxane oil; Duration of the protective immunity – 1 year after single immunization; The vaccine is effective against the А 22 viral strain in sheep.

28. The model of the extracellular N-terminal domain of α 7 -subunit of the AChR Peptide I (1-23) 1 GEFQRKLYKEL VKNYNPLER PVA 23 Peptide II (159-16 8 )-(179-188) 159 QMQEADISG Y 168 - 179 IPGKRSER FY 188 Peptide III (173-188) 173 E WDLVGIPGK RSERFY 188 Peptide IV (173-193) 173 EWDLVGIPGKRSERFYECCKE 193 Synthetic fragments of extracellular N-terminal domain of α 7 -subunit of the AChR EWDLVG IPGKRSERFY ECCKE Peptide IV (173-193) with “built-in” adjuvant

29. The level of β -amyloid in brain tissues of experimental AD – mice and control (Ct) mice

31. WHAT IS THE NEXT STEP IN PEPTIDE DEVELOPMENT? Development of a new generation of small peptide-based pharmaceuticals with increased stability to digestive enzymes resulting in oral availability

33. R R carrier N H C O N H C O Linker 1 Linker 2 C H 2 N H Active molecule 1 o NH C o CH 3 o CH 3 C o H Active molecule 2 Cyclo Technology Platform: Multifunctional biologically active composition Variable building blocks Individual molecules chemically linked to a biocarrier

36. “ Pharma Bio LLC” Development Plan for 2011-2013 Set up of pilot GMP facility for peptide synthesis of API and nasal spray Thymodepressin – clinical trials for new indications: RA, MS, Asthma Stemokine – clinical trials for new indications : oncology, oncohematology, tuberculosis Sedatin –Phase I –II clinical trials for the treatment of anxiety and stress Opilong –Phase I –II clinical trials for the treatment of alcohol dependence C12-OB – Preclinical development of new synthetic vaccine for the AD immunotherapy

37. Layout of GMP pilot facility for peptide API and Nasal sprays View of future GMP unit of “Pharma Bio”

38. Peptide Pharmaceuticals: Development in Russia and Worldwide JV “Pharma Bio” Thank you!