Emerged computer interaction with humanity social computing

International Journal on Computational Sciences & Applications (IJCSA) Vol.4, No.1, February 2014
DOI:10.5121/ijcsa.2014.4116 161
EMERGED COMPUTER INTERACTION WITH
HUMANITY: SOCIAL COMPUTING
Anil K Dubey1#
, Dilip Sisodia2#
, Dinesh Khunteta3#
Amara Ram Saini4#
, Vikas Chaturvedi5
1, 4
Faculty - Department of Computer Science Engineering
2,3
Assistant Professor – CSE Department
5
Asst. Prof. – CSE Dept, LIT Sarigam, Gujrat, INDIA
#
Govt. Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, INDIA
ABSTRACT
In the 21st
century, everywhere people analyze & measure societal. The new trend to compute the societal is
known as social computing. The emerging trend of research focuses interaction of technologies with
humanity. This interaction can be either man machine interaction or human computer interaction. This
article conveys the brief description of social computing and social impact of computing into variant
environment. It optimises the interaction technology, ubiquitous computing and pervasive computing.
Subsequently affective computing is discussed with artificial intelligence to motivate the automation of
technology in social computing.
KEYWORDS
CIH(Computer Interaction With Humanity), Social Computing, HCI, Behaviour, Artificial Intelligence.
1. INTRODUCTION
Genuine term related to computer science subject, focussing on intersection b/w social behaviour
& computational systems is known as social computing.
Fig. 1: Social Computing Coverage

162
1.1 Definition
"Social Computing" refers to systems that support the gathering, representation, processing, use,
and dissemination of information that is distributed across social collectivises such as teams,
communities, organizations, and markets. [1]
Fig. 2: Social Computing
1.2 HCI
Human–computer interaction controls the study, planning & design of interaction b/w users
(people) and systems (computers).
Fig. 3: Graphical linking of subjects to HCI
1.3 SOCIAL IMPACT OF COMPUTING
It is not difficult to measure the significant impact of computing into society. Few of impact of
computing on society are as follows:
Computer Science
Behavioural Science Design
Technological field
Engineering
Others...
Social Computational
Behaviour Systems

163
Fig. 4: Social impact of computing
1.4 COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION
Computer-Mediated Communication has become a part of everyday life.
Fig. 5: Computer-Mediated Communication
Social processes can be accepted through language analysis: body expression, behavioural
expression, facial expression etc. Social visualization and social sense-making effects social
computing that are deployed in blue print form through social design.

164
Fig. 6: Past, present and future of Social Computing
2. ROLE OF HUMANITY IN COMPUTER INTERACTION
The society is encroaching towards improving the quality of life in order to evolve a more
promising and fruitful orientation towards our natural environment. The systems and technologies
needed to accomplish this include: [2]
Fig. 7: Systems and technologies needed to accomplish role of HCI in Society
2.1 Human error
The distractions of expected results in terms of quality, quantity beyond acceptable limits
which can or cannot be corrected or accepted are known as Human errors.[3]
2.2 Social Networks
To enable people in maintaining the relationships among their relatives & environment, the social
networks provide more effective tool for connecting people.
164
2.1 Human error
2.2 Social Networks
164
2.1 Human error
2.2 Social Networks

165
2.3 Semantic Web
W3C says that, "To sharing and reuse the property of data across their application and community
boundaries within project is facilitated by a common framework that is provided by Semantic
Web”.
2.4 Mobile Social
Mobile social network is a type of social network where people with similar interests
communicate and connect with various folks through their mobile phone or tablet. Current trend
of social network websites show that they create mobile apps to provide their users instantaneous
and real-time access through their device. i.e. facebook.
3. SOCIAL COMPUTING
Social computing is concerned with the study of social behaviour and social context based on
computational systems.
Fig. 8: Behaviour Modelling
Social computing provides four main facilities to the behavioural modelling:
Table 1: Behavioural modelling facility provided by social computing
S. No Facility Description
1. Model building To create & build up models for behaviour
2. Analysis
Review the creation & already created models with
their design work
3. Pattern mining Minimize the patterns through mining
4. Prediction
Follow the rules & regulations to control the error in
the designing
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2.3 Semantic Web
Web”.
2.4 Mobile Social
3. SOCIAL COMPUTING
2. Analysis
their design work
4. Prediction
the designing
165
2.3 Semantic Web
Web”.
2.4 Mobile Social
3. SOCIAL COMPUTING
2. Analysis
their design work
4. Prediction
the designing

166
3.1 Social Intelligence and Social Cognition
Fig. 9: Defining term of Social Intelligence
Social intelligence is the capacity to effectively negotiate complex social relationships and
environments.
Table 2: Types of Intelligence
S. No Types of Intelligence Description
1. Abstract Intelligence Pertaining to the ability to understand &
manage ideas
2. Mechanical Intelligence Concrete Objects
3. Social Intelligence People
3.2 Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence is the one of the most known intelligence from social intelligence.
“Emotional intelligence is the innate potential to feel, use, communicate, recognize, remember,
describe, identify, learn from, manage, understand and explain emotions.” Five major categories
of emotional intelligence skills are recognized by researchers in this area.
166
environments.
manage ideas
166
environments.
manage ideas

167
Table 3: Categorization of Emotional Intelligence
3.3 Social Behaviour Modelling
The moulding and measurement of the hypothesis about human goals and objectives through
pragmatic and conditional groups and individual behaviours aid social behavioural modelling. [4]
3.4 Affective, Pervasive & Ubiquitous Computing
Affective computing gets its name from the field of Psychology, in which "affect" is, basically, a
synonym for "emotion”. Affective computing is field of HCI where devices have the ability
towards detection and produce appropriately respond to its user's emotions and other stimuli. The
advancement at exponential speeds of computer technology pronounce new concept as Pervasive
computing. Pervasive computing is targeted to combine current network technologies with
wireless computing. The computing that relates to, arises from, or deliberately influences emotion
or other affective phenomena. Emotion is fundamental to human experience, influencing
cognition, perception, and everyday tasks such as learning, communication, and even rational
decision-making. UC is an advanced computing concept where computing is made to appear
everywhere and anywhere. A user interacts with the computer, which can exist in many different
forms, including laptop computers, tablets, terminals and phones.
S. No. Category of EI Details
1. Self-awareness ♣ Emotional awareness
♣ Self-confidence
2. Self-regulation ♣ Self-control
♣ Trustworthiness
♣ Conscientiousness
♣ Adaptability
♣ Innovation
3. Motivation ♣ Achievement drive
♣ Commitment
♣ Initiative
♣ Optimism
4. Empathy ♣ Service orientation
♣ Developing others
♣ Leveraging diversity
♣ Political awareness
♣ Understanding others
5. Social skills ♣ Influence
♣ Communication
♣ Leadership
♣ Change catalyst
♣ Conflict management
♣ Building bonds
♣ Collaboration and cooperation
♣ Team capabilities

168
4. EXAMPLES
Socially intelligent computing is a new term that refers to the recent efforts of individuals to
understand the ways in which systems of people and computers will prove useful as
intermediaries between people and tools used by people. These systems result in new behaviours
that occur as a result of the complex interaction between humans and computers. [5]
Few of real times examples as:
a) Social media: Social media refers to interaction among people in which they create,
share, and/or exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks.
b) Living labs: A living lab is a user-centred, open-innovation ecosystem, often operating in
a territorial context integrating concurrent research and innovation processes within a
public-private-people partnership. The living lab Support multidisciplinary team in Co-
creation, Exploration, Experimentation and Evaluation activities.
c) Interactive systems in healthcare: Four interactive systems: e-health, m-health,
telemedicine and medical informatics are more effective in healthcare department.
5. IMPACT OF CIH IN SOCIAL COMPUTING
Social Computing is more impressed with term of CIH.
a) Market motivation: CIH motivates the market of social computing by improving the
interaction of social behaviour & acquires design of entities as per humanity.
b) Adaptability: CIH maintains the adaptability of social computing.
c) Trust in things, entities: Computer interaction with humanity manages the reliability of
social computing. Therefore, the level of trust into social things & entities is high and it
becomes more trustworthy to the people’s opinion.
d) Socio-technical systems: Social computing begins with the observation that human and
human behaviour are profoundly social.
e) Socially-adapt interfaces: Society adopts most of the interfaces designed for automation
of their work.
f) Implicit (human-behaviour-based) tagging: The tagging concept is implicated to
indicate the minimum level of human based modelling for social computing.
g) Reality mining systems: The real time system of social computing is mining through the
innovation of CIH.
CONCLUSION
Social Computing is more emerging field in computer science research. It is the intersection of
two: one of them is social behaviour which comes from emotions & intelligence and the other one
being computational systems used to measure the accuracy of results. In this paper, we reviewed
the concept of social computing in brief and proposed its relationship to CIH. We represented the
social impacts of computing in graphical form. The concept of human error, social network,
semantic web, mobile social, social media analysis and social media intelligence declared the role
of humanity in computer interaction. Different definitions of social intelligence are marked and

169
the types of intelligence are categorized. Two factors of intelligence- emotional intelligence (EQ)
and one’s intelligence (IQ) affect people’s behaviour. Lastly a few real time applications of social
computing & CIH used in the environment are cited.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors are thankful to the audience.
REFERENCES
[1] Douglas Schuler, "Introduction to Social Computing” special edition of the Communications of the
ACM, volume 37, Issue 1 (January 1994), Pages: 28 – 108.
[2] http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/ciencia_emergingtechnologies.htm
[3] Senders, J.W. and Moray, N.P. “Human Error: Cause, Prediction, and Reduction”, Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates(1991), p.25, ISBN 0-89859-598-3.
[4] Hollnagel and E., “Human Reliability Analysis Context and Control”, Academic Press
Limited(1993), ISBN 0-12-352658-2.
[5] Reason and J., “Human Error”, Cambridge University Press(1990), ISBN 0-521-31419-4.
Author
Mr. Anil K. Dubey has received B.Tech, M.Tech degree and pursuing Ph.D. in Computer
Science Engineering. Currently, he is working as a Faculty member in CSE department at
Govt. Engineering College Ajmer. He has participated in various international & national
conferences. His presented paper is indexed in reputed journals (with 3.8 impact factor) and
several digital libraries like IEEE. He has also organized many national & international
conferences and workshops. His research interests include: Software Engineering, Software
Reliability, HCI, HPSC and Ubiquitous Computing. He serves as Reviewer Committee Member of many
international journals (like Springer, Elsevier, AIRCC, TJPRC etc) and international Conferences (like
IEEE, ACM etc) and have reviewed more than 38 research papers. He is also the editor board member of
four international reputed journals and program committee member of IEEE conferences. He is also a
member of various technical research societies such as IEEE, ACM, Computer Society of India & ISTE,
CSTA, etc.
Mr. Dilip Sisodia has received B.E. in Computer Engineering from Engineering College
Ajmer. He is working as an Assistant Professor in CSE department at Govt. Engineering
College Ajmer. His areas of interest include Programming in C, C++ & Software Engineering.
Mr. Dinesh Khunteta has received B.E. in Computer Engineering from University College
of Engineering, RTU Kota. He is working as an Assistant Professor in CSE department at
Govt. Engineering College Ajmer. His areas of interest include DAA, Compiler.
Mr. Amara Ram Saini has received B.E. in Computer Engineering from University College
of Engineering, RTU Kota. He is working as a Faculty member in CSE department at Govt.
Engineering College Ajmer. His areas of interest include C, C++, Java, Data structure,Theory
of Automata and Social Computing.
Mr. Vikas Chaturvedi has received B.E. and M.Tech in Computer Engineering from
Engineering College Ajmer. He is working as a Assistant Professor in CSE department at LIT
Sarigam, Gujrat, INDIA . His areas of interest include DBMS, Cryptography.

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