I have developed a module named MARC21 standard bibliography (fixed and customized) for LibMS(An online library management system developing by Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh and owned by MHRD, Govt. of INDIA). The slide contains the description about MARC21 standard cataloging and the module which I have developed.

1. MARC21 Standard Bibliographic
Cataloguing for LibMS
Prepared By
Muhammad Jishan
Under Supervision
Dr Aasim Zafar
Department of Computer Science
Aligarh Muslim University
(2011)

2. Contents
1. A Library’s Main Functions
2. Need of MARC21 Based Cataloguing in LibMS
3. Introduction to MARC21 Standard
4. MARC Record Structure & Terms
5. Developed System
6. Manage MARC21 Based Cataloguing
7. Customized MARC21 based cataloguing
8. Advantages
9. Limitation and Future Enhancements

3. A Library’s Main Functions
Acquisition
• It deals with Generate title ordering and approval of Library Materials
• Invoice processing and monitoring receipt
• Accessioning of documents
Cataloguing
• Cataloguing of various documents types for Example:-Books, CDs, Thesis
etc.
• MARC-21 standard bibliographic cataloguing management
• Development of catalogue cards
Circulation
• Member Registration and Member Account creation activity
• Circulation transactions viz. issue, return, renewal, reserve, queue etc
• Fine management and Member Card Management related activities.
OPAC
• Search for an item like book, cds, journal, new arrivals etc available in the
library by author, title, publication and keywords.

4. Need of MARC21 Based Cataloguing in
LibMS
LibMS is a single installation multi-institutional, multilayer and multi-lingual
library management system. This software is installed on clusters of server and runs as a
service.
LibMS was providing non-MARC cataloguing only, which was unable to provide
the facility to exchange bibliographic data in machine readable form between systems and
now LibMS uses MARC21 standard bibliographic cataloguing and thus it is able to exchange
catalogue data with other systems.

5. Introduction to MARC21 Standard
MARC = MAchine Readable Cataloguing
• MARC is the acronym for Machine Readable Cataloguing and 21 refers to the
latest version and refers to the twenty-first century.
• "Machine-readable" means that one particular type of machine, a
computer, can read and interpret the data in the cataloguing record.
• "Cataloguing record" means a bibliographic record, or the information
traditionally shown on a catalogue card. It includes:
1) A description of the item 2) Main entry and added entries
3) Subject headings 4) The classification or call number
Continued…

6. Continued…
• Developed in the 1960s by the Library of Congress
• Coding of information for processing by computer
• Flexible tool to describe books, serials, maps, non-book
materials, computer files, etc.
• Standardized format permits sharing of records

7. MARC Record Structure & Terms
• All MARC records share the same structure
• Each record has a
 Leader
 Directory
 Fields

8. MARC Structure with Real Data
$ = delimiter % = end of field ^ = end of record = blank
00654nam22002055a4500001001600000003000800016005001700024008004
100041020001500082040002600097050002400123100002900147245008400176
250001100260260003600271300002100307440003100328650005100359650003
800410%gc960399130037%AgBaFGC%19990129173102.5%990129s1998ag
|||||spad%$
a9508020865%$aAgBaFGC$bspa$cAgBaFGC%4$aRA971.38$b.M51
1998%2$aM’endez Diz, Ana Mar’ia.%10$aSalud y poblaci’on :$bcuestiones
sociales pendientes /$cAna Mar’ia M’endez Diz.%$a1a ed.%$aBuenos Aires
:$bEspacio,$c
1998.%$a343 p. ;$c21 cm.%0$aCiencias Sociales ;$vno. 4%7$aSalud$xMan
ejo de riesgos$zArgentina.$2lcsh/spa%7$aPopulaci’on$zArgentina.$2lcsh/s
pa%^

9. Leader
• The first section in a MARC record (fist 24 characters)
• Contains coded information about the record (not the
resource)
• Many elements are not displayed
00654nam22002055a4500001001600000003000800016005001700024008
004100041020001500082040002600097050002400123100002900147245008
400176250001100260260003600271300002100307440003100328650005100
359650003800410%gc960399130037%AgBaFGC%19990129173102.5%99012
9s1998ag|||||spad%$
a9508020865%$aAgBaFGC$bspa$cAgBaFGC%4$aRA971.38$b.M51
1998%2$aM’endez Diz, Ana Mar’ia.%10$aSalud y poblaci’on :$bcuestiones
sociales pendientes /$cAna Mar’ia M’endez Diz.%$a1a ed.%$aBuenos Aires
:$bEspacio,$c
1998.%$a343 p. ;$c21 cm.%0$aCiencias Sociales ;$vno. 4%7$aSalud$xMan
ejo de riesgos$zArgentina.$2lcsh/spa%7$aPopulaci’on$zArgentina.$2lcsh/s
pa%^

10. Directory
• The second section in a MARC record
• Lists the tag, length, and starting character position of each
field in the MARC record
• Is machine-generated and is not displayed, nor can it be
altered manually
00654nam22002055a4500001001600000003000800016005001700024008
004100041020001500082040002600097050002400123100002900147245008
400176250001100260260003600271300002100307440003100328650005100
359650003800410%gc960399130037%AgBaFGC%19990129173102.5%99012
9s1998ag|||||spad%$
a9508020865%$aAgBaFGC$bspa$cAgBaFGC%4$aRA971.38$b.M51
1998%2$aM’endez Diz, Ana Mar’ia.%10$aSalud y poblaci’on :$bcuestiones
sociales pendientes /$cAna Mar’ia M’endez Diz.%$a1a ed.%$aBuenos Aires
:$bEspacio,$c
1998.%$a343 p. ;$c21 cm.%0$aCiencias Sociales ;$vno. 4%7$aSalud$xMan
ejo de riesgos$zArgentina.$2lcsh/spa%7$aPopulaci’on$zArgentina.$2lcsh/s
pa%^

11. Fields
• A bibliographic record is logically divided into fields. there is a field for
author, title, publication and so on.
• Fields are defined by the MARC21 Standard
• MARC21 records have
Variable control fields (including fixed fields)
Variable data fields
MARC Tags
• Each field is associated with a 3-digit number called a "tag.“
• A tag is stored in the directory entry not in the field itself.
100 1_ $a Grahame, Kenneth, $d 1859-1932.
245 14 $a The wind in the willows / $c by Kenneth Grahame.

12. Variable Control Fields
• 001 Control Field (NR)
• 003 Control Number Identifier (NR)
• 005 Date and Time of Last Transaction (NR)
• 006 Fixed-Length Data Elements-Additional Material Characteristics (R)
• 007 Physical Description Fixed Field (R)
• 008 Fixed-Length Data Elements (NR)

13. Variable Data Fields
• 01X-09X • 5XX Notes
Numbers, Codes, and • 6XX Subject Fields
Classifications • 7XX Added and Linking
• 1XX Main Entries Entries
• 2XX • 8XX Series Added
Title, Edition, Imprint Entries, Holdings, Alternat
e Graphics
• 3XX Physical • 9XX Locally Defined
Description
• 4XX Series

14. Frequently seen MARC Tags
010 tag = Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN)
020 tag = International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
100 tag = personal name main entry (author)
245 tag = title information (which includes the title, other title information, and the
statement of responsibility)
250 tag = edition
260 tag = publication information
300 tag = physical description (often referred to as the "collation" when describing
books)
490 tag = series statement
520 tag = annotation or summary note
650 tag = topical subject heading
700 tag = personal name added entry (joint author, editor, or illustrator)

15. Indicators
Indicators
• 2 character positions immediately follows tag
• Useful for computer manipulation
• Not defined for all fields
• Primarily numeric (and blank = undefined)
• Must be read/assigned as individual values
100 1_ $a Grahame, Kenneth, $d 1859-1932.
245 14 $a The wind in the willows / $c by Kenneth Grahame.

16. Subfields
Subfields
•Further divides the MARC field
•Marked by delimiters combined with a subfield code
•Fields 001 through 009 have no subfields.
100 1_ $a Grahame, Kenneth, $d 1859-1932.
245 14 $a The wind in the willows / $c by Kenneth Grahame.

17. Sample Local Marc Record Explained

18. Developed System
• LibMS was lacking MARC21 Standard Bibliographic Cataloguing Facility, I have
developed and integrated this facility in LibMS
• The module is developed under Cataloguing Module
Cataloguing >>Initiate Cataloguing >> MARC21 Based Bibliography Management

19. Continued…
There are two functions in the MARC21 based bibliography Management:
1. Manage MARC21 Bibliography
This module provides the facility to create, update, view and
delete bibliographic records using frequently used MARC tags.
2. Manage Customized MARC21 bibliography
This module enables a user to create his/her own MARC tags
collection and catalogue using his/her customized marc tags. But user
should follow the standard MARC tags specifications while adding a
custom marc tag.

20. Manage MARC21 Based Cataloguing
Interface of this sub-module

21. Create New MARC21 Record
Control Fields Entry

22. Continued…
01X-09X variable fields entry

23. Continued…
1XX – Main Entry

24. Continued…
21X-28X Title, Edition, Imprint etc fields entry

25. Continued…
Catalogue Database table After Creation of new MARC Record

26. Update A MARC21 Record
Enter the title and press Update, MARC record will be visible in editable form.

27. View A MARC21 Record
Enter the title and press View, MARC record will be visible in read-only form.

28. Delete A MARC21 Record
Enter the title and press Delete, MARC record will be visible in read-only form.

29. Manage Customized MARC21 bibliography
This module offers following functions:
1. Edit MARC Tags
Add a MARC Tag
Modify a MARC Tag
Delete a MARC Tag
2. Customized MARC21 bibliography
New
Update
Delete

30. Edit MARC Tags
Interface for maintaining custom MARC tags database

31. Edit MARC Tags
Adding a new MARC Tag

32. Customized MARC Bibliography
Interface for this module

33. New MARC Record using Customized Tags
Enter title & ISBN, press New, following Interface appears with customized tags

34. Advantages
• Improves ease and efficiency, cooperation
• Can be formatted for any type of library
• User Friendly
• In future, any modification can be done smoothly
• MARC21 based cataloguing is most commonly used
system in library catalogs

35. Limitations and Future Enhancements
• In case of retrospective documents ISBN is not available, in
such case duplicity of MARC record can not be checked.
• Customization of MARC tags would be made carefully
without defying MARC standard. The system can not check
this issue.
• The system will support multilingual entries for
bibliographic records in future.