The document summarizes key findings from the OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013. It discusses trends such as uneven economic recovery across OECD countries after the crisis, with unemployment remaining a major challenge. Young, dynamic firms have created more jobs than older firms even during crisis periods. International mobility of researchers has resulted in higher scientific impact. While business R&D remains important for innovation, policies also need to support entrepreneurship and investments beyond R&D. The Scoreboard aims to inform policymaking with indicators on these and other topics.

1. Science, Technology, Industry Scoreboard 2013
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH
Istanbul at the Global Forum
on the Knowledge Economy
(GFKE)
Paris at the Committee for Industry,
Innovation & Entrepreneurship
Simultaneous Release date
23 October 2013
www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard

2. Cc
The value of the STI Scoreboard
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Wide-ranging resource book of indicator
To inform policy making
Broad scope – includes BRIICS
New, experimental indicators
Web book: StatLinks and additional data
Visualisation online

3. StatLinks and More data

4. StatLinks and More data

5. STI Scoreboard 2013
Knowledge economies – trends and features
Building knowledge
Connecting to knowledge
Targeting new growth areas
Unleashing innovation in firms
Competing in the knowledge economy
Participating in the global economy

6. The pace of recovery after
the crisis is rather uneven
across the OECD

7. Decomposition of growth in GDP per capita,
2007-09 and 2009-12
Total economy, annual percentage change
%
%
6.0
6.0
2007-09
2007-09
4.0
4.0
2.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
-2.0
-2.0
-4.0
-4.0
-6.0
-6.0
-8.0
-8.0
-10.0
-10.0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
2009-12

8. … and unemployment
remains the most pressing
challenge today

9. Where people lost their jobs, 2008-11
Relative contribution to change in total employment by major sectors of economic activity
%
100
75
50
25
0
-25
-50
-75
-100
Manufacturing
Construction
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

10. Job losses in Europe 2011-12
Relative contribution to change in total employment by major sectors of economic activity
%
100
75
50
25
0
-25
-50
-75
-100
Construction
Manufacturing
Public services
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

11. …the challenge affects all

12. Demand in one country sustains jobs
in another
Jobs in the business sector sustained by foreign final demand, 1995 and 2008
As a percentage of total business sector employment
%
2008
1995
40
30
20
10
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

13. and European demand is critical to
European jobs
Jobs sustained by foreign final demand, by region of demand, 2008
As a percentage of total jobs embodied in foreign final demand
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

14. Young, dynamic firms
create more jobs than
destroy, even during crisis
periods …

15. Net job growth,
younger versus older firms, 2001-11
Average over 15 countries
Young firms (5 years or or less)
Old firms (6 years oldold more)
Youngfirms (6 years old or more)
Old firms (5 years old or less)
Total
%
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11

16. Young firms, 5 years
old or
younger, generated on
average nearly half of
all new jobs over the
past decade, despite
accounting for only
about 20% of total
business sector
jobs, excluding finance.

17. Net job growth,
younger versus older firms, 2001-11
Average over 15 countries
%
Employment
Job destruction
Job creation
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Small young
Small old
Medium young
Medium old
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
Large young
Large old

18. Patenting activity of young firms by
sector, 2009-11
Share of young patenting firms and share of patents filed by young patenting firms
%
50
High and medium-high-technology manufactures
Low and medium-low-technology manufactures
Share of patents filed by young firms
1
2
2
1
1
2
7
Business-sector services, excluding real estate
Other sectors
5
3
3
2
2
5
2
3
18
40
30
Average number of patents filed by
firms under 5 years old, 2009-11
20
10
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

19. Researchers on the move:
Brain circulation results in
higher scientific impact.

20. The 9 largest bilateral flows involve the US
International flows of scientific authors, 1996-2011
Selected bilateral flows, by first and last affiliation
Total bilateral flows
(x + y)
Pairs, ordered by net flow direction
%
Bilateral flows
25000
20000
For DEU↔CHE, the
lozenge shows that
CHE gains 31% of
total bilateral flows.
15000
10000
5000
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
50
70
45
60
40
50
35
30
40
25
30
20
15
20
10
10
5
0

21. Mobility patterns vary across economies
International mobility of scientific authors, 1996-2011
As a percentage of authors with two or more publications, by last reported affiliation
%
Stayers
Returnees
100
90
80
70
60
50
0
40
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
New inflows

22. What is the impact of mobility?
Impact of scientific authors, by category of mobility, 1996-2011
Based on the median source-normalized impact per paper (SNIP)
Stayers
Returnees
New inflows
Impact factor
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
Outflows

23. The impact of scientific production and the
extent of international scientific collaboration
Whole counts of
internationally
co-authored
documents,
2003-2011
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

24. Business R&D remains
an important driver of
innovation and
economic growth.

25. Direct funding of business R&D and
R&D tax incentives, 2010
As a percentage of GDP, 2011
%
0.45
Direct government funding of BERD
Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
Data on tax incentive support not available

26. Tax incentive share of government
funds for R&D, 2006 and 2011
As a percentage of total support
%
2011
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
2006
R&D tax
incentives
abolished

27. Business R&D intensity and
government support to business R&D
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

28. Dedicated Web Page
www.oecd.org/sti/rd-tax-stats.htm .

29. But innovation today is
more than R&D …

30. Product innovation, 2008-10
By R&D status
%
Non R&D-active product innovators
100
75
50
25
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
R&D-active product innovators

31. … involves investments and
policies beyond R&D …

32. Barriers to entrepreneurship, 2008
Scale from 0 to 6 from least to most restrictive
Index
Administrative burdens on start-ups
Barriers to competition
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
Regulatory and administrative opacity
Barriers to entrepreneurship in 1998

33. Investment in physical and knowledgebased capital, 2010
As a percentage of value added of the business sector
Non-residential physical assets
%
Software and databases
R&D and other intellectual property products
Brand equity, firm-specific human capital, organisational capital
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.

34. … better policies for better lives.

35. Public perception of the impact of science and
technology on personal well-being, 2010
"Science and technology are making our lives healthier, easier and more comfortable"
Strongly agree
Agree
Neither agree nor disagree
Disagree
As a percentage of respondents
100
80
60
40
20
0
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013.
Strongly disagree
Don’t know

36. Science, Technology, Industry Scoreboard 2013
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH
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