Pit emptying devices for emergency situations

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Jan Heeger from Red Cross Netherlands gave a presentation on pit emptying devices in emergency situations during the Faecal Sludge Management Lunch Meeting in The Hague, The Netherlands, on 17 April 2014. This meeting was organised by IRC with support from DGIS.

Tecnología

latrine emptying in emergency situations

Background
Gap Analysis in Emergency Water, Sanitation
and Hygiene Promotion (HIF 2013)
1. Latrines in locations where no pits are
possible (urban, high watertable/flooding)
2. Latrine emptying and desludging
3. Final sewage disposal options after
desludging and treatment
4. Urban alternatives for excreta disposal

The development of latrine emptying kit
(equipment) to be used by humanitarian
organisations in emergency settings or how to
empty latrines if desludge trucks are not
available
Objective of the project:

MALAWI TRIALS FOR PIT
EMPTYING/DISLUDGING
•800 liter
sludge tank
•200 liter
clean water
tank
•Gasoline
engine 6,6
kW / 9hp
Honda
•Vacuum
pump
2.500l/min
High
pressure
Installation,
set on 60
bar
•30 meter
3”hose for
increased
access
ROM2
•500 liter
sludge tank
•No clean
water tank
•6 kW diesel
engine, 3-6
km/hr
•Vacuum
pump
2.200l/min.
•30 meter
3”hose for
increased
access
Vacutug
•Atalanta
Pelican 351
Diaphragm
sludge pump
with
•Lombardini
15LD225
diesel engine
•Solids
handling up
to 40 mm
•Dry run
without
damage
•Self priming
to 7.5m
•Mounted on
two-wheel
trolley
Diaphragm
•13 m3 volume
•PVC from
SIOEN
•2 entries
DN80
•2 outlets
DN80
•Air valve type
Schnorkel
•Active carbon
filter
Bladder
•Flow rate
(l/h)
200/850
•Operating
pressure
(bar ) 10-
210
•Weight (kg)
60
•Mounted on
troley
•Several
special
nozzels
Fluidiser

Findings
• Rubbish blocks the suction and also discharge
of the Pumps.
• Every single pit latrine required fishing out
rubbish
• On average pits have between 50 – 150 lts
rubbish
• Septic tanks rarely require fishing
• All machines can be operated without
significant spillage

Findings
• Emptying thick sludge without fluidising is not
possible.
• Traditional fluidising is pouring a lot of water
in the pit and manual stirring
• With high pressure fluidiser less water
needed (add 15% of sludge)
• Unlined pits can be emptied.

Findings
• ROM works well with difficult sludge.
(fluidiser included!)
 Small modification will be needed eg opening
to clean sludge reservoir
• Diaphragm sludge pump works well for septic
tanks without rubbish. Is able to pump large
volumes in short time frame.
 Less able to pump thick sludge or sludge that
contains rubbish
• Vacutug similar to the ROM but no fluidiser
included, might be able to operate well in
high density areas
 We experienced many several small
breakdowns

Way forward
• Recommendations to suppliers; ROM,
Vacutug, Sioen
• Build up experience and standardise fluidiser
with recomendations on nozzles
• More field tests in different settings (different
sludge)
• Share experiences with the sector

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Pit emptying devices for emergency situations

1. latrine emptying in emergency situations

2. Background Gap Analysis in Emergency Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion (HIF 2013) 1. Latrines in locations where no pits are possible (urban, high watertable/flooding) 2. Latrine emptying and desludging 3. Final sewage disposal options after desludging and treatment 4. Urban alternatives for excreta disposal

3. The development of latrine emptying kit (equipment) to be used by humanitarian organisations in emergency settings or how to empty latrines if desludge trucks are not available Objective of the project:

4. MALAWI TRIALS FOR PIT EMPTYING/DISLUDGING •800 liter sludge tank •200 liter clean water tank •Gasoline engine 6,6 kW / 9hp Honda •Vacuum pump 2.500l/min High pressure Installation, set on 60 bar •30 meter 3”hose for increased access ROM2 •500 liter sludge tank •No clean water tank •6 kW diesel engine, 3-6 km/hr •Vacuum pump 2.200l/min. •30 meter 3”hose for increased access Vacutug •Atalanta Pelican 351 Diaphragm sludge pump with •Lombardini 15LD225 diesel engine •Solids handling up to 40 mm •Dry run without damage •Self priming to 7.5m •Mounted on two-wheel trolley Diaphragm •13 m3 volume •PVC from SIOEN •2 entries DN80 •2 outlets DN80 •Air valve type Schnorkel •Active carbon filter Bladder •Flow rate (l/h) 200/850 •Operating pressure (bar ) 10- 210 •Weight (kg) 60 •Mounted on troley •Several special nozzels Fluidiser

5. Findings • Rubbish blocks the suction and also discharge of the Pumps. • Every single pit latrine required fishing out rubbish • On average pits have between 50 – 150 lts rubbish • Septic tanks rarely require fishing • All machines can be operated without significant spillage

7. Findings • Emptying thick sludge without fluidising is not possible. • Traditional fluidising is pouring a lot of water in the pit and manual stirring • With high pressure fluidiser less water needed (add 15% of sludge) • Unlined pits can be emptied.

8. Fluidising

9. Findings • ROM works well with difficult sludge. (fluidiser included!)  Small modification will be needed eg opening to clean sludge reservoir • Diaphragm sludge pump works well for septic tanks without rubbish. Is able to pump large volumes in short time frame.  Less able to pump thick sludge or sludge that contains rubbish • Vacutug similar to the ROM but no fluidiser included, might be able to operate well in high density areas  We experienced many several small breakdowns

10. Way forward • Recommendations to suppliers; ROM, Vacutug, Sioen • Build up experience and standardise fluidiser with recomendations on nozzles • More field tests in different settings (different sludge) • Share experiences with the sector

Pit emptying devices for emergency situations

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