Final presentation for the Scaife Advanced Student Medical Seminar by

1. Charis Hill

2.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oG_OAPQTQO0
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeeC8lSfbxo

3.  Decreases risk factors, increases protective factors
 Address all forms of drug use
 Is tailored to the target population
 Establish norms and expectations
 Use cognitive-behavioral methods
 Emphasize development of social, communication and
problem-solving skills
 Increase self-efficacy and drug resistance skills
 Take place at level of school, family or community

4.  Family
◦ History of drug abuse and conflict
◦ Favorable attitudes towards problem behavior
 School
◦ Academic failure
◦ Lack of commitment
 Individual
◦ Antisocial behavior
◦ rebelliousness
 Community
◦ Availability of drugs
http://drug-abuse-rehab.net

5.  Individual
◦ Positive attitude
◦ Self-esteem
◦ autonomy
 Family
◦ Secure attachments
◦ Lack of conflict
 External
◦ support systems

6.  Originally designed as a selective
prevention intervention
 14 week program
 Three parts
◦ Parent Training
◦ Child Training
◦ Family Training
 Family communication/conflict
 Build self-esteem and family
cohesion

7.  11 lessons in 7th
grade
 3 lessons in 8th grade
 Increase motivation
for healthy behaviors
 Change social norms
surrounding use

8.  Goal is community-wide change
 Implemented over several years
 5 phase program
◦ Needs assessment
◦ Risk factor inventory
◦ Multi-facet action plan
◦ Recruitment of community participation
◦ Continuous evaluation

10.  Successful programs use some element of
cognitive behavioral therapy
 Interventions should be tailored to a community
 Interventions should involve as many aspects of
the community as possible
 There is insufficient data to draw conclusions
about prevention effects on adult health
 Short term effects are promising

11. 1. Beets, M.W., Flay, B.R., Vuchinich, S., Snyder, F.J., Acock, A., Li, K., Burns, K., Washburn, I.J., &
Duriak, J., (2009).Use of a social and character development program to prevent
substance use, violent behaviors and sexual activity among elementary-school students
in Hawaii. American Journal of Public Health, 99(8), 1438-1445.
2. Communities That Care. (2008). CTC Fact Sheet. Retrieved from
http://www.sdrg.org/ctcresource/About_CTC_NEW.htm
3. Eaton, D. K., Kann, L., Kinchen, S., Flint, K.H., Hawkins, J., Harris, W., Lowry, R., McManus, T.,
Chyen, D., Whittle, L., Lim, C., & Wechsler, H. (2011). Youth Risk Behavior
Surveillance—United States, 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 61 (4), 1
-160.
4. Ellickson, P.L., McCafferey, D.F., Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Longshor, D.L. (2003). New inroads in
preventing adolescent drug use: Results from a large-scale trial of project ALERT in
middle schools. American Journal of Public Health, 93(11), 1830-1836.
5. Ennett, S.T., Tobler, N.S., Ringwalt, C.L., Flewelling, R.L. (1994). How effective is drug abuse
resistance education? A meta-analysis of project DARE outcome evaluations. American Journal of Public
Health, 84(9) , 1394-1401.
6. Grant, J.D. , Scherrer, J.F., Lynskey M.T., Lyons, M.J., Eiesen, S.A., Tsuang, M.T., True, W.R., &
Bucholz, K.K. (2006). Adolescent alcohol use is a risk factor for adult alcohol and drug
dependence: evidence from a twin design. Psychological Medicine, 36 , 109-118.
7. Hawkins, J.D., & Catalano, R.F.(2003) Investing in Your Community’s Youth: An Introduction to
the Communities that Care System. Channing Bete Company Inc.

12. 8. Hawkins, J.D., Oesterele, S.O., Brown, E.C., Monahan, K.C., Abbott, R.D., Arthur, M.W.,
A&Catalano, R.F. (2012). Sustained decrease in risk exposure and youth problem
behaviors after installation of the Communities That Care prevention system in a
randomized trial. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine , 166(2), 141-148.
9. Kumpher, K.L. (1998). Selective prevention interventions: the Strengthening Families
program. In R. Ashery, E.B. Robertson & K.L. Kumpher (Eds.), Drug Abuse Prevention
Through Family Interventions (160-207). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
10. Mihalic, S., Fagan, A., Irwin, K., Ballard, D., & Elliott, D. (2004). Blueprints for Violence
Prevention. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and
Delinquency Prevention.
11. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2012). Prevention Benefits Exceed Its Cost and has
Sustained Effects. Retrieved from http://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/nida-
notes/2012/07/prevention-system%E2%80%99s-benefits-exceed-cost-has-sustained-
effects.