Spanish Communities

2. Main Information
Flag Coat of arms
Catalonia is an autonomous comunity of Spain. Its provinces
are : Barcelona, Girona, Lleida and Tarragona. Its total
population is 7,565,603 inhabitants. Its patron (saint) is Saint
George (Sant Jordi)

3. History
In pre-Roman times, the area now called Catalonia, like the rest of the Mediterranean side of
the Iberian Peninsula, was populated by the Iberians. Coastal trading colonies were
established by the ancient Greeks, who settled around the Roses area. Both Greeks and
Carthaginians briefly ruled the territory in the course of the Second Punic War and
traded with the surrounding Iberian population.
After the Carthaginian defeat by the Roman Republic, Catalonia became the first area of
Iberia to come under Roman rule, and became part of Roman Hispania, the westernmost
part of the Roman Empire. Tarraco, now called Tarragona, was one of the most
important Roman cities in Hispania.
After Franco's death in 1975, Catalonia voted for the adoption of a democratic Spanish
Constitution in 1978, in which Catalonia recovered a small political and cultural
autonomy. Today, Catalonia is the most economically dynamic region of Spain. The
Catalan capital and largest city, Barcelona, is a major international cultural centre and a
major tourist destination.

4. CLIMATE
The populated areas lying by the coast in Tarragona, Barcelona and Girona provinces
feature a Mediterranean climate. The inland part (including the Lleida province and the
inner part of Barcelona province) show a mostly continental Mediterranean climate. The
Pyrenean peaks have a mountain or even Alpine climate at the highest summits, while
the valleys have a maritime or oceanic climate sub-type.
In the Mediterranean area, summers are dry and hot with sea breezes, and the
maximum temperature is around 26–31 °C (79–88 °F). Winter is cool or slightly cold
depending on the location. It snows frequently in the Pyrenees, and it occasionally
snows at lower altitudes, even by the coastline. Spring and autumn are typically the
rainiest seasons, except for the Pyrenean valleys, where summer is typically stormy.
The inland part of Catalonia is hotter and drier in summer. Temperature may reach 35
°C, some days even 40 °C. Nights are cooler there than at the coast, with the
temperature of around 14–17 °C. Fog is not uncommon in valleys and plains; it can be
especially persistent, with freezing drizzle episodes and subzero temperatures during
winter (record from −36 °C), along the Segre and in other river valleys.ecord from −36
°C), along the Segre and in other river valleys.

5. Municipalities
●Barcelona (1,621,537 inhabitants)
●L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (257,039)
●Badalona (219,547)
●Terrassa (210,941)
●Sabadell (206,493)
●Tarragona (140,323)
●Lleida (135,920)
●Mataró (121,722)
●Santa Coloma de Gramenet (119,717)
●Reus (107,118)

6. FESTIVITIES
Ball de diables Carnaval de Solsona Sant Jordi

7. National Day Luminaria

8. PHOTOS

9. MADRID

10. Here is Madrid
This is the location of Spain in Europe

11. Here is the capital:
Madrid

12. FLAG
SHIELD

13. DEMOGRAPHY
Madrid is the capital of Spain and the most populated city. The
capital of Madrid is called Madrid too, and is one of the most
important cities of Spain.
It has a surface of 8021.80 km2, a population of 6,414,709
inhabitants and a density of 809 inhabitants/km2.
This data were taken the 1st January, 2013.

14. HISTORY
In the Prehistory, this territory was poblated, since the Lower
Paleolithic.
In the year 711, Muslims entered in the Iberian Peninsula.
Muslims stood a defensive system of fortresses and watchtowers,
with which attempted to stop the advance of the Christian
Kingdoms, all over the present territory of the autonomous region
of Madrid.
In 1118, Madrid was re-conquered by the Christian Kingdoms.

15. FESTIVITIES
In Madrid the non-working days are:
-January 1st (Wednesday) New Year.
-January 6th (Monday), Epiphany.
-April 17 (Thursday), Holy Thursday.
-April 18 (Friday), Friday.
-May 1 (Thursday), Labour Day.
-May 2 (Friday), Festivity of the Autonomous Community of
Madrid.
-June 19 (Thursday), Feast of Corpus Christi.
-August 15 (Friday), Assumption of the Virgin. Virgen de la
Paloma
-November 1 (Saturday), All Saints.
-December 6 (Saturday), Day of the Spanish Constitution.

16. RELIEF
The relief of the Community of Madrid is defined by two major
units: the mountain range and the plain of the River Tagus,
separated by the foothills.
Higher mountains:
-Peñalara, 2.428 m
-Cabezas de Hierro, 2.383 m
-Cerro de Valdemartín, 2.280 m
-Bola del Mundo, 2.265 m
-Asómate de Hoyos, 2.242 m
-La Maliciosa, 2.227 m
-El Nevero, 2.209 m

17. HYDROGRAPHY
The Community of Madrid is part of the Tagus watershed.
The most important watersheds of Madrid are:
-Comarca de Las Vegas
-Belmonte de Tajo
-Brea de Tajo
-Fuentidueña de Tajo
-Aranjuez
-Jarama
-Guadarrama
-Alberche
-Tiétar

18. IMPORTANT BUILDINGS
Puerta del Sol Main Square
Gran Via Parque del Retiro
Retiro Park

19. Door of Alcalá Cibeles Square
Royal Palace Cathedral of Almudena

20. Temple of Debod
Four Towers
Palace of El Pardo

21. SPORTS
Apart from being the most important cities of Spain; Madrid and
Barcelona are home of the better teams of all sport in Spain.
Their teams stand out in football, handball, basketball and waterpolo.
The three better teams of the Spanish League of Football are:
-Real Madrid
-FCBarcelona
-Athlético de Madrid