3. How to Read the Periodic
Table
Atomic Number: the number of PROTONS
and ELECTRONS in an element
Atomic Weight: the weight of 1 mole of
that element
Symbol: abbreviation that represents the
element
Element name
5. Introduction to the
Periodic Table
• Each square represents one element
• All information stand for 1 MOLE of
that element
– All elements are different
6. Periodic Table
• Divided into two main sections: Metals and
Nonmetals
• Vertical columns = GROUPS
– There are 18 groups in the periodic table.
– Elements have similar properties
• Rows = PERIODS
– Chemical and physical properties change A LOT
across periods
7. Types of Elements
• Metals
– An element that is a good conductor of
heat and electricity
– Room temperature most are solid
– Malleability: the ability to be hammered
into thin sheets
– Ductile: ability to be made into wire
8. Alkali Metals
Group I of periodic table
Very reactive
Usually silver in appearance
React violently with water
Ex: Na (sodium) with water…you don’t
want to be in the room
9. Alkali Earth Metals
More dense, strong and hard
High melting points
Too reactive, are not found in nature
Group II elements
Ex: Magnesium (Mg)
10. Transition Metals
These are the “typical” metals
Middle “chunk” of periodic table
Groups III – XII
Ex: Iron (Fe)
11. Non-Metals
A poor conductor of heat and
electricity
Gases at room temperature
Remember: there are always
exceptions
14. Metalloids
An element that has characteristics
of metals and nonmetals
Solid at room temperature
Less malleable, but not as brittle
Semi-conductive for electricity
