Presentation for the 2nd GEF IW Regional Workshop for Asia & the Pacific

1. M. Nasimul Islam, ADB
]IW: LEARN Regional Workshop
Manila, The Philippines
11 March 2014
Scaling Up Coral Reef Protection and MPA Schemes
2nd Targeted Workshop for
Asia and the Pacific
Transforming Good Practices
from Demonstration
Projects into Scaled-Up
Investments and Financing

2. INDOENSIA COREMAP Project

3. INDICATORS
1. ZONATION OF
MINAPOLITAN AREA,
MITIGATION AND
CLIMATE
ADAPTATION
2. EFFECTIVELY
MANAGE OF MPA:
CORAL REEFS,
SEAGRASS,
MANGROVE &
PROTECTED
ENDANGERED
SPECIES
3. INVESTMENT FOR
SMALL ISLANDS
MANAGEMENT
2 TO MANAGE
MARINE AND
FISHERIES
RESOURCES IN A
SUSTAINABLE
FASHION
1. MARINE AND
FISHERIES
RESOURCES ARE
UTILIZED
OPTIMALLY AND
SUSTAINABLY
2. SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT OF
CONSERVATION
AREA S AND
PROTECTED
SPECIES
3. HIGH ECONOMIC
VALUE OF SMALL
ISLANDS
OUTPUTS

4. INDONESIA MARINE PROTECTED AREAS
2010
10 Mio Ha
2014
15.5 Mio Ha
2020
20 Mio Ha
To date:
13.9 Mio Ha
No Category Numbers Luas (Ha)
A Initiated by MOF 32 4,694,947.6
1 Marine National Parks 7 4,043,541.3
2 Marine Tourism Parks 14 491,248.0
3 Marine Wildlife Reserves 5 5,678.3
4 Marine Nature Reserves 6 154,480.0
B Initiated by MMAF 53 9,256,413.1
1 Marine National Parks 1 3,521,130.0
2 Marine Nature Reserves 3 445,630.0
3 Marine Tourism Parks 5 278,354.0
4 District-based MPAs 44 5,011,299.1
TOTAL 85 13,951,360.7
MPA
TARGET

5. Source: Kemhut dan KKP (2010). Gap Analysis...
Coral reef area 3,293,543 Ha
Coral reef conserved 747,190 Ha
% coral reef conserved 22.7 %
Mangrove area 3,452,688 Ha
Mangrove conserved 758,472 Ha
% mangrove conserved 22.0 %
Seagrass area 1,758,708 Ha
Seagrass conserved 304,866 Ha
% seagrass conserved 17.3 %
Target: 30% (988,063 Ha)
Need 240,873 Ha more to be
conserved
Target: 30% (1,035,806 Ha)
Need 277,334 Ha more to be
conserved
Target: 30% (527,612 Ha)
Need 222,746 Ha more to be
conserved

6. MPA: 13.951.361 Ha
Equal to 4.5 % of territory area
MPA: 15.5 Mio Ha
Equal to 5.0 % of territory area
MPA: 20 Mio Ha
Equal to 6.5 % of territory area
Equal to 31 Mio Ha of MPA

7. Conceptual COREMAP MODEL
Vision

8.  Phase 1: Initiation (1998-2003)
• Viable framework for a national coral reef system in
Indonesia established
• Assistance from: GOI, ADB, WB/GEF, AusAID
 Phase 2: Acceleration (2004 - 2011)
• Replication in 15 districts, moving towards
establishment of MPA establishment
• Assistance from: GOI, ADB, WB/GEF
 Phase 3: Institutionalization (2014–2018)
• Viable reef management systems established in priority
districts operational, fully decentralized to regional
governments and institutionalized through effective MPA
management and financial mechanisms for sustainability
and eco-system protection
• Assistance from: GOI, ADB/GEF, WB/GEF
Actual COREMAP PHASES

9.  Initiation
 Identification of Potential and Threats Proposed
MPA
 Designation  Designated (legal status)
 Management Plan and zoning
 Determination  enacted by Minister
 Boundary Marking
Managed MPAs

10. Institutional
Strengthening
Community
Based Co-
management
Public Awareness,
Education
COREMAP Basic
Components

11. CORE Focus: Awareness Raising

12. TAMBATAN PERAHU
PUBLIC SANITATION
Small Jetty
Village Information Center

13. Unique Design Features and Past
Challenges
 Decentralized Management (political
commitment, capacity, paradigm shift on
community-based co-management,
 Multi Stakeholder Inclusion (including
NGO’s academe research institutions)
 Holistic multi sector approach
 Monitoring ecosystem health/Fisheries
Benefits by Scientific Body (LIPI)

14. Typical COREMAP Meeting

15. Remote Areas: Wide Geographic
Coverage

16. Unique Design Features and Past
Challenges
 Wide geographic coverage
 Awareness raising and capacity building for behavior
change
 Enforcement
 Multi dimensional issues: poverty, environment,
education, infrastructure
 Linking environment and poverty
 Environment and Development Dichotomy

17. Current Challenges :COREMAP-CTI
Phase III
 Complete MPA process and making it effective and
sustainable operationally and financially
 Ecotourism through partnerships
 Making livelihoods sustainable
 Maintain community empowerment
 Biodiversity protection linking ecosystems and
regional processes (e.g., CTI, WB COREMAP )
 Law Enforcement and Institutionalization

18. Project Specific Factors in Ownership,
Replication and Integration
 Community as CORE focus: capacity building,
information centers, community coral reef institutions
(LPSTK)
 District Government as implementers, coral reef
monitoring and evaluation system (CRITC) created
within District Government’s
 Village head integrated within LPSTK structure
 Community-based strategy, plans integrated into
district strategy and plan (helped to mainstream into
development)

19. Project Specific Factors in Ownership,
Replication and Integration
 Best practice sustainable models for public awareness (
coral reef books produced and integrated with
national curriculum, radio stations, coral ambassador
competitions)
 Surveillance boats, infrastructure, livelihood inputs
 Broader social service: solid waste management
systems, electricity supply by LPSTK, LPSTK providing
leadership in aquaculture product replication and
marketing ( e.g., tapteng catfish culture);
 All of the above built political commitment and
replicability bottom up.

20. How Challenges are Addressed
 Clarity in strategy and targets
 Executing Agency technical capacity and strategic
leadership capability
 Commitment towards goals and targets and
understanding of complexity
 Inclusiveness including NGO participation
 Fairness in training and learning opportunities

21. How Challenges are Addressed
 Inclusion of top management experts in project
implementation
 Inclusion of Indonesia Institute of Sciences in
monitoring evaluation and research publication
 Focus on awareness through high quality knowledge
materials information and integration of coral reef
curriculum in national education system
 Continuous facilitation and communication
 Bottom up planning and regulation development
 Strong partnership with ADB

22. Questions to Ponder
 Time frame for phases too long?
Geographic focus too broad for a
replication model?
Is there a more practical design
approach?
Can community empowerment be
sustainable?
Decentralization of MPA ‘s can be
effectively achieved ?

23. Questions to Ponder
 Can MPA effectiveness possible in a widespread
fashion?
 Effective maritime law enforcement achievable?
 Accurate data generation and uniform platforms
feasible?
 Current biodiversity and ecosystem knowhow
sufficient?
 Can Climate change issues be controlled?