1. The document discusses various types of planning used by companies from strategic planning at the top levels to operational planning at lower levels. 2. It also covers special purpose plans such as planning for change, contingencies, and new product development. Effective planning involves setting specific and measurable goals, developing action plans, tracking progress, and maintaining flexibility. 3. By early 2001, Air Canada's domestic market share had dropped to 73% as WestJet grew its share to 14% due to having lower costs. Air Canada attempted to cut costs and launch new fare options but eventually had to file for bankruptcy protection.

1. Chapter 4 Planning

7. How to Make a Plan That Works Exhibit 4.1

14. Planning From Top to Bottom Exhibit 4.3

15. Planning From Top to Bottom Exhibit 4.3

17. Planning Timeframes Exhibit 4.4