1. Use of e- Resources by the teachers and student of IPS
(Institute of Professional Studies) and other faculties of
University of Allahabad
Presentation by
Shikha Jaiswal
M.Phil. In Library and Information Science
Under the supervision of
Dr. T.N. Dubey

2. INTRODUCTION
 E-resources are resources in which information is stored
electronically and which are accessible through electronic systems
and networks.
 E-resources is a broad term that includes a variety of
different publishing models, including OPACs, CD-ROMs, online
database, e-journals, e-books, internet resource, print-on-demand
(POD), e-mail publishing, wireless publishing, electronic link and
web publishing etc.
 Thus The term can be defined as “any electronic product that
delivers collection of data be it in text, numerical, graphical, or
time based, as a commercially available resource.”
(IFLA ISBD (ER)1)

3. Need AND IMPORTANCE
Electronic Resources are becoming very important
these days as they are more up-to-date, and can be accessed
anywhere, crossing all geographical boundaries. Such
resources add value while conducting R&D activities. Thus
the topic “Use of e- Resources by the teachers and student of
IPS (Institute of Professional Studies) and other faculties of
University of Allahabad” was selected to study the various e-
Allahabad
resources and analyze the availability in the Library.

4. OBJECTIVES
 To know the availability of different types of
electronic resources and services in the libraries of IPS and
other faculties.
 To compare the frequency of use of electronic
resources by the teachers and students of IPS and other
faculties.
 To ascertain the advantages and the problems
experienced by the teachers and students while accessing and
using the electronic resources in the library.

5. HYPOTHESES
•HoIa: There is no significant relationship between the
availability of electronic resources (For students) and the
category of the faculties [IPS and other faculties of A.U.].
•HoIb: There is no significant relationship between the
availability of electronic resources (For Teachers) and the
category of the faculties [IPS and other faculties of A.U.].

6. • HoIIa: There is no significant relationship between the
use of collection type (By The Students) [Print Media and
e-resources] and the category of the faculties [IPS and
other faculties of A.U.].
• HoIIb: There is no significant relationship between the
use of collection type (By the Teachers) [Print Media and
e-resources] and the category of the faculties [IPS and
other faculties of A.U.].

7. MATERIAL AND METHODS
Study design : Cross sectional, descriptive study.
Population: Two different populations i.e. the teachers and the
students belonging to the IPS and the selective science
faculties were chosen for the study.
Sampling Technique: Purposive random sampling was applied
for selecting two different homogenous samples from the
two different populations i.e. teachers and the students
Sample A : comprises two comparative groups of teachers (i)
IPS(N=50 ) and (ii) other faculties (N = 50 ).
Size of Sample A =100

8. Sample B: Comprises two comparative groups of students
of (i) IPS ( N = 50 ) and (ii) other faculties ( N = 50 )
Size of Sample B =100
Data collection: Survey method through questionnaire along
with observation and interview techniques was employed for
data collection.
Statistical techniques: Chi-square-test was used to test null
Hypotheses at .05 level of significance[ p≤5%]
Software: SPSS version 12.0 was used for data analysis.

9. DATA ANALYSIS
FREQUENCY OF THE TEACHERS AND STUDENTS
TEACHERS OF IPS
STUDENTS OF IPS
TEACHERS STUDENTS
TEACHERS OF
OTHER FACULTY
STUDENTS OF
OTHER FACULTY
IPS 50 50
STUDENTS 50 50
Total 100 100

10. STUDENTS CONSULT THE PROBLEM WITH
YOU ENCOUNTER PROBLEMS,
WHOM DO YOU CONSULT
FACULT OTHER
LIBRARIAN Y USERS Total
Students IPS 50.0%
32.0% 17.0% 1.0%
OTHER 50.0%
14.0% 33.0% 3.0%
FACULTY
Total 46.0% 50.0% 4.0% 100.0%
YOU ENCOUNTER
40 PROBLEMS,
WHOM DO YOU
CONSULT
LIBRARIAN
FACULTY
30
OTHER USERS
Result: 32% students of IPS
and 14% of other faculties
20
consult with the librarian,
C
n
u
o
t
while17% students of IPS and
33% of other faculties consult
with the teachers. 1% students of
10
IPS 3% of other faculties
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
consults with the other users.
STUDENTS

11. TEACHERS CONSULT THE PROBLEM WITH
YOU ENCOUNTER PROBLEMS,WHOM DO
YOU CONSULT
LIBRARI FACULT OTHER OTHERS Total
AN Y USERS
Teachers IPS 50.0%
32.0% 10.0% 4.0% 4.0%
OTHER 50.0%
FACULTIE 8.0% 31.0% 9.0% 2.0%
S
Total 40.0% 41.0% 13.0% 6.0% 100.0%
YOU ENCOUNTER
40
Result: 32% teachers of IPS and
PROBLEMS,
WHOM DO YOU
CONSULT
LIBRARIAN
FACULTY
OTHER USERS
OTHERS
8% of other faculties consult with
30
the librarian, while10% teachers of
IPS and 31% of other faculties
consult with the teachers. 4%
C
20
n
u
o
t
teachers of IPS and 9% of other
10
faculties consult with the other
users
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

12. STUDENTS SATISFIED WITH EXISTING IT INFRASTRUCTURE
SATISFIED WITH
EXISTING IT
INFRASTRUCTURE
Total
YES NO
STUDENTS IPS 50.0%
35.0% 15.0%
OTHER 50.0%
26.0% 24.0%
FACULTY
Total 61.0% 39.0% 100.0%
SATISFIED WITH
40
EXISTING IT
INFRASTRUCTURE
YES
NO
Result: 35% students of IPS
30
and 26% of other faculties
were satisfied with existing
C
20
n
u
o
infrastructure.
t
10
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
STUDENTS

13. TEACHERS SATISFIED WITH EXISTING IT INFRASTRUCTURE
TEACHERS
OTHER
IPS FACULTY Total
SATISFIED WITH YES 37.0% 21.0% 58.0%
EXISTING IT
INFRASTRUCTU
RE NO 13.0% 29.0% 42.0%
Total 50.0% 50.0% 100.0%
SATISFIED WITH
40
EXISTING IT
INFRASTRUCTURE
YES
NO
30
Result: 37% students of
IPS and 13% of other
20
faculties were satisfied
C
n
u
o
t
with existing
10
infrastructure.
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

14. CONVENIENCE IN ACCESSING THE E-RESOURCES BY STUDENTS
CONVENIENCE IN
ACCESSING THE E-
RESOURCES
NO Total
YES
STUDENTS IPS 50.0%
40.0% 10.0%
50.0%
OTHER FACULTY 23.0% 27.0%
Total 63.0% 37.0% 100.0%
CONVENIENCE IN
40
ACCESSING THE
E-RESOURCES
YES
NO
30 Result: 40% student of
IPS and 23 % of other
20
faculty were convenient
C
n
u
o
t
in accessing the e-
10
resources.
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
STUDENTS

15. CONVENIENCE IN ACCESSING THE E-RESOURCES BY THE TEACHERS
TEACHERS Total
OTHER
IPS FACULTY
CONVENIENCE IN YES
ACCESSING THE 43.0% 33.0% 76.0%
E-RESOURCES
NO 7.0% 17.0% 24.0%
Total 50.0% 50.0% 100.0%
CONVENIENCE IN
50 ACCESSING THE
E-RESOURCES
YES
NO
40
30
Result: 43% teachers of IPS
and 33 % of other faculty
C
n
u
o
t
20
were convenient in accessing
10
the e-resources.
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

16. STUDENT’S VIEW OF IMPORTANCE OF E-RESOURCES VERSES TRADITIONAL
RESOURCES
E-RESOURCES DIMINISH THE
IMPORTANCE OF TRADITIONAL
RESOURCES
Total
YES NO
STUDENTS IPS 50.0%
9.0% 41.0%
OTHER 50.0%
14.0% 36.0%
FACULTY
Total 23.0% 77.0% 100.0%
50
E-RESOURCES
DIMINISH THE
IMPORTANCE OF
Result: According to the view of
large % of students of IPS i.e. 41%
TRADITIONAL
RESOURCES
YES
40 NO
and students of other faculty i.e.
30
36%, e-resources never diminish the
light of traditional resources.
C
n
u
o
t
20
Whereas 9% IPS students and 14%
10
other faculty students feel that e-
0
resources may replace traditional
IPS
STUDENTS
OTHER FACULTY
sources of information.

17. TEACHER’S VIEW OF IMPORTANCE OF E-RESOURCES
VERSES TRADITIONAL RESOURCES
TEACHERS Total
OTHER
IPS FACULTY
E-RESOURCES DIMINISH YES
THE IMPORTANCE OF 17.0% 19.0% 36.0%
TRADITIONAL RESOURCES
NO 33.0% 31.0% 64.0%
Total 50.0% 50.0% 100.0%
E-RESOURCES
Result: According to the view of large
no of teachers of IPS i.e. 33% , and
40 DIMINISH THE
IMPORTANCE OF
TRADITIONAL
RESOURCES
30
YES
NO
teachers of other faculty i.e. 31 %, e-
resources never diminish the light of
traditional resources. Whereas 17% IPS
C
n
u
o
20
t
teachers and 19% other faculty teachers
10
feel that e-resources may replace
traditional sources of information.
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

18. Ho1a : There is no significant relationship between the availability of
electronic resources (For students) and the category of the faculties.
E-RESOURCES df χ2 χ2 Result at .05
AVAILABLE IN tab cal
level of
LIBRARY significance
UNSATI CAN' 2 5.991 17.11 significant
SATISFA SFACTO T 3 relation ship
STUDENTS CTORY RY SAY Total
IPS 29 20 1 50
OTHER 9 38 3 50
FACULTY
Total 38 58 4 100
Result: χ2 cal (17.113) >
E-RESOURCES
40
AVAILABLE IN
LIBRARY
SATISFACTORY
UNSATISFACTOR
χ2 tab (5.991)
Y
CAN'T SAY
30
Ho1a is rejected. There is
significant relationship between
C
n
u
o
20
t
10 the availability of electronic
resources (For students) and the
category of the faculties
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
STUDENTS

19. •HoIb: There is no significant relationship between the availability of
electronic resources (For Teachers) and the category of the faculties.
E-RESOURCES AVAILABLE df χ2 χ2 Result at .05 level of
IN LIBRARY tab cal
significance
SATISFA UNSATISF CAN'T 2 5.99 9.78 significant relation
TEACHE CTO ACTO SA 1 3 ship
RS RY RY Y Total
IPS 33 10 7 50
OTHER
FACU 18 23 9 50
LTY
Total 51 33 16 100
E-RESOURCES
25 AVAILABLE IN
LIBRARY
SATISFACTORY
Result: χ2 cal (9.783) >
UNSATISFACTOR
Y
20 CAN'T SAY
15
χ2tab (5.991) HoIIb
is rejected. Significant relationship
C
n
u
o
t
10
between the availability of electronic
5 resources (For Teachers) and the
category of the faculties.
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

20. HoIIa: There is no significant relationship between the use of
collection type (By The Students) and the category of the faculties
df χ2 χ2 Result at .05 level of
USE OF COLLECTIONS tab cal
significance
1 3.84 4.058 significant relation
PRINT NON PRINT 1 ship
STUDENT COLLECTI COLLE Total
S ON CTION
IPS 33 17 50
OTHER
FACUL 23 27 50
TY
Total 56 44 100
USE OF
40 COLLECTIONS
PRINT
COLLECTION
NON PRINT
COLLECTION
30 Result : χ2 cal (4.058) > χ2tab
(3.841) , Ho IIa is rejected. There is
significant relationship between the
C
20
n
u
o
t
use of collection type (By The
10
Students) and the category of the
faculties
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
STUDENTS

21. HoIIb: There is no significant relationship between the use of collection
type (By the Teachers) and the category of the faculties
df χ2 χ2 Result at .05 level
tab cal
of
USE OF COLLECTIONS significance
PRINT NON PRINT 1 3.841 6.250
COLLECTI COLLECT
TEACHERS ON ION Total
IPS 38 12 50
OTHER 26
FACUL 24 50
TY
Total 64 36 100
USE OF
40
COLLECTIONS
PRINT
Result :
COLLECTION
NON PRINT
COLLECTION
Since χ2 cal
(6.250) > χ2tab (3.841) , Ho IIb is
30
rejected. There is significant
C
20
n
u
o
t
relationship between the use of
10 collection type (By the Teachers) and
the category of the faculties
0
IPS OTHER FACULTY
TEACHERS

22. CONCLUSION
 Results show the availability of e-resources is more incase of
IPS(Institute of Professional Studies) library as compared to the
library of other faculties.
 Teachers and students of IPS (Institute of Professional Studies)
are using e-resources most frequently as compared to the teachers
and students of other faculties of University of Allahabad.
 Majority of the teachers and students of IPS are getting the
relevant information through e-resources relevant information as
compared to the teachers and students of other faculties of
University of Allahabad.

23.  Though the teachers and the students of IPS use the e-
resources more than the teachers and the students of other
faculty but they prefer print media as it is readily available in
their library .
The teachers and students of IPS reported more advantages
and less problems regarding the use of e-resources as
compared to the teachers and students of other faculties of
University of Allahabad.

24.  Among the advantages the teachers and students reported the
following points:-----
o E-resources are more informative as various sites are available
at a time for any kind of subject matter.
o E- resources are reported as less time consuming, less
expensive and easy to get information by most of the teachers
and students of IPS.

25.  Among the problems the teachers and students reported the
following points:-----
o E- resources are reported as more time consuming, more expensive
and difficult to get information by most of the teachers and students
of other faculties.
 As regarding the impact of e-resources most of the teachers and
students reported that they reduce the work time, improve the
quality of work, facilitates the updating and saving the matter.

26. SUGESSIONS
 Awareness for e-resources should be propagated and
enhanced among the students and teachers.
 Libraries should be more equipped with computers and
relevant facilities.
 Qualified Library professionals should be appointed in the all
the departments of different faculties.
 Library orientation programs should be conducted to get
aware of the library resources among users.

27.  Librarian must motivate users for better use of resources
available in the library as well as on the internet.
 Library literacy programs for ICT concept must be started for
better use of available resources.
 More and more studies should be done for increasing the use
of e-resources.

28. Thank-You