A presentation for field surface facilities

1. OVERVIEW: UPSTREAM PRODUCTION
FACILITIES
(FSF/FPF/CPF)
DATE: /2012
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ENGINEER
OIL AND GAS (INTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL)

2. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Field Surface Facilities
•Wellhead
•Pumps
•Oil Gathering Manifold (OGM)
Field Production Facilities (FPF)
•Desanders
•Separators
•Compressors
• Heat Exchangers
•Booster Pumps
•Water Treatment
Central Processing Facilities (CPF)
•Compressors
• Separators
•Heat Exchangers
•Dehydrators/Desalters
Control System (Instrumentation)
Power Generation and Distribution

3. PRODUCTION FACILITY

4. INTRODUCTION
 Separate the well stream into three components, called
“phases” (oil, gas, and water)
 Process these phases into some marketable products
 Dispose of them in an environmentally acceptable
 Accommodation of accurate measuring and sampling of
the crude oil.

5. PIPELINE CONNECTING PRODUCTION AND
PROCESS FACILITIES
CPF
FPF Field 2
FPF
Field 1
FPF
Field 3
FPF
FSF
FSF
FSF
FSF
Marine
Terminal
= OGM
Wellhead

6. WELLHEAD
 Maintains surface control using choke
 Prevent well fluids from leaking or blowing at the surface
 Design to withstand pressures of up to 140 MPa(1400
 Consist of three components;
I.Casing head
II.Tubing head
III.Christmas Tree
 Consist of two types of Pumps
1.Electric Submersible Pumps (ESP)
2.Progressive Cavity Pumps (PCP)

7. WELLHEAD

8. ELECTRIC SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS
 Electrically driven and submersible
 Consist of three units
I. Electric Motor
II. Protector
III.Multistage Centrifugal Pump
 Operation is controlled by a control box

9. PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS
PPCCPP PPuummppss

10. OIL GATHERING MANIFOLD (OGM)
 It serves two purposes:
I. To collect production from several individual wells and direct it
via a production manifold to a gathering line, a gathering station,
or a field pump station
II. To direct production via a test header from a selected well to a
well test skid located at each manifold
 Located adjacent to a producing well

11. SEPERATORS
Mechanical devices where gas is flashed from the liquids and
“free water” is separated from the oil
Can be either horizontal, vertical and spherical in configuration
Two types Production separator and Test separator
Production separator can be either two phase and three phase
Most oil contracts specify a maximum percent of basic
sediment and water (BS&W) that can be in the crude
Typically vary from 0.5% to 3% depending on location
Water from the separators must be treated to remove small
quantities of produced oil

12. SEPERATORS

13. STAGING OF SEPARATORS

14. TWO PHASE SEPERATORS

15. THREE PHASE SEPERATORS

16. COMPRESSOR
 Consist of
I. Scrubbers- remove liquid droplets
II. Heat Exchangers

17. HEAT EXCHANGERS
 Use to cool the gas

18. HEAT EXCHANGERS

19. DEHYDRATOR/DESALTER
 Dehydration
 Desalting
 Consists of three primary steps
I. Injection of wash water
II. Contact between the wash water and the
soluble salts, and
III. Separation of the aqueous phase – most of the
installed hardware is involved in the phase
separation step

20. DEHYDRATOR

21. DESALITNG
Oil
Mixing Valve Mixing Valve
Recycle Pump
Dilution
Water
Feed
Oil Outlet
Water
to
Disposal
Recycle Water
Second Stage
Desalter
First Stage
Desalter

22. DEHYDRATOR

23. FLARE SUBSYSTEM
 Include Flare, atmospheric ventilation and blow down
 Provide safe discharge and disposal of gases and liquids
resulting from:
I. Spill-off flaring from the product stabilization system
(Oil, Condensate etc.)
I. Production testing
II. Relief of excess pressure caused by process upset
conditions and thermal expansion
I. Depressurization either in response to an emergency
situation or as part of a normal procedure
I. Planned depressurization of subsea production
flowlines and export pipelines.

24. FLARE SUBSYSTEM

25. METERING SKID

26. BOOSTER PUMPS

27. DESANDERS

28. SKIM TANKS

29. WATER INJECTION UNITS

30. GAS KNOCKOUT DRUM

31. INDUCED GAS FLOTATION UNITS

32. CONTROL SYSTEM
Programmable Logic Design (PLCs) and Distributed
Control System (DCS)
Provide automatic day-to –day control of oil field
production system

33. CONTROL SYSTEM

34. POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION
Provided from main power or from local diesel
generator sets
Large facilities have great power demands, from 30
MW and upwards to several hundred MW.
Voltage levels for High, Medium and Low
voltage distribution boards are 13- 130kV, 2-8 kV
and 300-600 V respectively
Power is generated and exchanged with mains or
other facilities on the HV distribution board
Relays for protection functions

35. PPOOWWEERR GGEENNEERRAATTIIOONN AANNDD
DDIISSTTRRIIBBUUTTIIOONN

36. POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION
 Power management system is used for control of electrical
switchgear and equipment
 Includes HV, MV and LV low voltage switchgear
 Motor Control Centers (MCC) and emergency generator sets
Thank you
Jacob Kuorwel N.