This document provides an overview of solid waste management. It defines different types of solid waste such as biodegradable waste, non-biodegradable recyclable waste, residual waste, toxic hazardous waste, bulky waste, electronic waste, and medical waste. It also discusses sources of solid waste and issues with waste generation. The EPA estimates that most textile waste ends up in landfills. The document also summarizes the waste situation in the Philippines and the government's response through the Ecological Solid Waste Act of 2000 which emphasizes waste reduction, segregation, and proper management.

1. Solid Waste Management:
An Overview
Compiled by: Jaime Q. Guihawan
For Ensc254 lecture presentation

2. Waste
• also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk
• is any unwanted or useless materials
• Any materials unused and rejected as worthless

3. Solid Waste
• All solid and semi-solid wastes arising from human and animal
activities, except human-excreta and sullage (liquid wastes from
bathrooms, kitchens, etc.), are discarded as useless or unwanted are
included in the term ‘Solid-Wastes’ or ‘Refuse’.
• It includes garbage, rubbish, ashes and residues, demolition and
construction wastes, dead animals, radioactive wastes, etc. The
quantity of solid-wastes produced depends upon the living standards
of the population.

4. Sources of Solid Waste

5. Sources of Solid Waste

6. Biodegradable Waste
- wastes that can be decomposed
- yard wastes, fruit and vegetable peelings,
animal manure

7. Non-Biodegradable Waste
• Recyclable
- materials refer to any waste
material retrieved from the
waste stream and free from
contamination that can still be
converted into suitable beneficial
use.

8. Non-Biodegradable Waste
• Residual wastes
- are solid waste materials that
are non-compostable and non-
recyclable. They should be
disposed ecologically through a
long-term disposal facility or
sanitary landfill.

9. Non-Biodegradable Waste (Special Waste)
• Toxic/Hazardous wastes
- are infectious waste
materials that are toxic and
contain harmful chemicals
that can possibly
endangered the health of
the people.
They should be treated first
and disposed in a separate
disposal site.

10. Non-Biodegradable Waste (Special Waste)
• Bulky wastes
- refer to waste materials
which cannot be appropriately
placed in separate containers
because of either its bulky
size, shapes or other physical
attributes

11. Non-Biodegradable Waste (Special Waste)
• Electronic wastes
- refer to waste materials
operating through the use of
many electrical parts (such as
microchips or transistors

12. Non-Biodegradable Waste (Special Waste)
• Medical wastes
- Also known as infectious
wastes from hospitals such as
equipment, instrument,
utensil and disposable
formites that may harbor or
transmit pathogenic
organisms

18. EPA estimates that in 2017, of the 16.9 million tons of textile waste
generated in the United States, only 15.2% was recycled, which
resulted in 11.2 million tons of textile waste ending up in landfills.

19. Philippines’
Waste Situation
• With today’s industrialization
and lifestyle of Filipinos,
studies have shown that one
Filipino can generate as much
as half a kilo of waste a day.
• The continuous stream of new
products using new packaging
technology in the market
generates and increase not
only in the volume of waste
but also an increase in the
variety of waste.

20. Government’s Response to
the Waste Problem
• Republic Act 9003,
otherwise known as the
“Ecological Solid Waste
Act of 2000, which
assigns the primary task
of implementation and
enforcement to LGUs.
• The law emphasizes the
importance of
minimizing waste thru
recycling, resource
recovery, reuse, and
composting.

21. Systematic management of solid waste which provides for:
1. waste reduction at source
2. segregation at source for recovery of reusables, recyclables,
and biodegradables
3. Segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing,
treatment and disposal of solid waste management
4. all other waste management activities which do not harm the
environment
Principles of Solid Waste Management