1. Introduction:
In recent years, one of the topics which absorbed great volume of
psychological researches welfare. In the last two decades, research on
happiness have risen dramatically. ARGYLE (1995) believes, if
happiness is just the opposite of depression, there is no need to
measure and evaluate it. Because the depression is well known. He
believes that, three main components of happiness are: positive
emotion, satisfaction from life and lack of negative excitements
including depression and anxiety. He and his colleagues found that
positive relations with others, purpose in life, personal growth, loving
others and nature are also part of happiness.
Myers & DIENER (1995), say: when people were asked, who is happy
person? In response, they point to a supportive network of
interpersonal relationship in a culture, who have positive and
optimistic interpretation from everyday events. Components of
happiness are: first, affective and emotional component, which makes
happy people to be in happy mood always. Second, is social
component, social relationship with others, follows increase in social
support. Third component is cognitive, which causes the happy fellow
to have his own thinking and information processing and interprets
the current events in a way that brings his optimism. There is so much
interest among researchers to determine what makes people happy.
Although researches have been concentrated on demographic factors
and other economical social variables, but today it is thought that
some people are happier than others, because of their personality
traits.

2. Most of the researches in connection with happiness following this
study just like BREBNER & MARTIN (1995), CHAN (2004), FURNHAM &
CHAN (1997),HILL & ARGYLE (2001) and LEVY& LEVY (2005) have
confirmed these associations. However, other personal dimensions
were not considered as extraversion and extreme mental depression
in researches. ASGARI (2014), investigated about theoretical social
acceptance with the help of theories of behavioral analysis.
EBRAHIMPOUR, ZAHED and ELYASI (2014), considered the role of
managers social utility in organizational performance as significant.
SHABANI, DELAVAR, BELOUKI and MAMSHARIFI (2013), reported
about the relationship of self-efficacy, social support and optimistic in
mental well-being forecast in order to develop a structural model of
students. In 1960 decade, American poll organizations began asking
questions about happiness and satisfaction. In 1984, DIENER, did the
same work and it was updated in 1999. GALLUP, MORT and other poll
organizations were conducting other surveys, not only in America but
also in Europe and common market countries.
In the theories called as final goal, there is a belief as happiness is
necessary and welfare will be achieved when, individuals cover their
goals based upon values and needs. Those fellows who are assuming
their goals as more important and consider more success possibility to
reach them, will feel more happiness and welfare. But those who
have less happiness, will feel more prejudice. It seems that individuals
efficient move toward their goals, is the reason for positive changes in
their happiness. (DIENER 2005).

3. Self-efficacy is one of the important structures in social cognitive
theory of BANDURA. And it means the person has confidence and
belief toward his own abilities in thoughts control, feelings, activities
and also his effective operation in stressed activities. Therefore, on
individual real operation, emotions, selections, effective events
inhabitation, organize and run the needful operations in a direction of
achieving and scoring performance level and finally the rate of effort
which person spends on activity is effective (STEPHENS, 2002).
Self-efficacy as personality variable, has important role in individual
encounter with life issues. And as property of predictor personality
can be effective factor in in train and education opportunities.
Durability in assignment performance, high operation level and
proportional with abilities, active search in new successes, challenge
assume of problems, effective collision with the events and
conditions, issue decoding ability and appropriate use from analytical
thought, failure courage, selecting more challengeable tasks, selecting
higher goals, commitment and stability to reach them and self-
mastery when withdrawal is necessary are the characteristics of self-
efficacy individuals (BANDURA, 2006).
One more variable for individual recognize dimension is social utility.
Tendency to be eligible is a common need among all humans. All
people, naturally like to be accepted by others and try to gain it
(SEDGH POUR, MAHMOUDIAN & SOLEIMANIAN, 2010). Social utility is
just like continuum, in one of its end, there are some people with high
level of social utility who will change their own ideas and experiences
in interviews and in replying to the questions. And in the other end,
there are some people with less level of social utility who will never
change their own ideas and experiences. Considering the above

4. statement, the main objective of the present study is to investigate
the role of social desirability predictor and self-efficacy in happiness
of girl students in high school section in BANDAR ABAS city. In other
words, this research seeks to ensure that social desirability and self –
efficacy predicts how much of happiness variances in female students
in BANDAR ABAS city?
Method:
The recent study is a description of solidarity kind which has been
implemented as square form has been paid to study the role of social
desirability and self-efficacy in happiness of female students in high
school section in BANDAR ABAS city. And also self-efficacy and utility
are considered as independent variable, and happiness is considered
as depended variable. According to the purpose of the study the
statistical society including all female students who are studying in
section one of education ministry of BANDAR ABAS city in the year
2015-2016 and, and they are 1790 people and final sample was on the
basis of the MORGAN table. So they were selected 316 people with
simple random selection system. But at the end, 300 questionnaire
were returned and was used statistically.
Research tools:
Oxford happiness questionnaire: a list of 29 items of oxford happiness
was made for the first time by ARGYL and LU. After some years,
ARGYL has revised the scale and now it is widely used in the UK. This
with 29 words was set in LIKERT four degrees scale. And was
numbered as (3, always, 2, sometimes, 1, rarely, 0, never).

5. Scores below 22 (less happiness), scores 22 to 44 (medium), grades 44
to 68 (above joy), and grades 68 to 87 (very happy). FARANSIS in a
cross-cultural study in Britain, USA, Australia and Canada reported the
alpha 0/89, 0/90, 0/89 and 0/0 respectively (ALIPOUR and AGHAH
HARRIS, 2008).
Self- efficacy questionnaire of SHERER and staff:
This questionnaire has 17 questions. For every self-efficacy scale
question, 5 answers were suggested. For this reason, each question
gets 5 points. Question numbers 1, 3, 8, 9, 13 and 15 from right to left,
points will be raised. And other questions in reverse order, from left
to right, points will be increased. The total score will be achieved
through sum of the question scores. Those who get one standard
deviation up or down the average gain, will be defined as up and
down self-efficacy people (SEIF and MARZOGHI, 2009).
Social desirability questionnaire:
This questionnaire with the goal to measure the rate of social
desirability of individuals with 9 questions were used. It was built by
KAR and was translated by REZVANI (1997). Scoring system and result
interpretation to select each correct answer for numbers 1, 3, 4, 6, 9,
give one point to yourself. To select each wrong answer for numbers
2, 5, 7, 8, give one point to yourself. How much your total score is up,
shows your tendency toward answer style which is called as social
acceptability. The reliability of this study, by internal consistency
system of CRONBACH`s alpha was calculated to 0/66 percent. And this
is acceptable finishing for this questionnaire (EBRAHIMPOUR, ZAHED
and ELYASI, 2014).

6. Method of data analysis:
To analyze the statistical data of the KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV tests to
check the normality of the data distribution and PEARSON correlation
and multiple regression was used step by step.
Findings:
Some of the necessary assumptions for doing the PEARSON
correlation analysis and multiple regression:
Normality of the data distribution which was confirmed by
KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV. Because the significant levels of both
variables are smaller than (p<0/05). These variables will not follow
normal distribution but due to the high volume of samples (more than
150 people), even though, data distribution related to studied
variables is not normal, we can use PERASON correlation coefficient
for relation research. (table1)
Statistics of normality test of KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV:
__________________________________________________________
Residuals KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV
Statistics value - liberty degree - significant level
__________________________________________________________
Social desirability 2/030 300 0/01
__________________________________________________________
Self-efficacy 3/240 300 0/01
__________________________________________________________
Happiness 0/976 300 0/29

7. Based on the data analysis, it has been indicated that PEARSON
correlation coefficient between two social desirability variables and
happiness is equal to r=0/348, p<0/001, with attention to a significant
level, theory of 0H
will be rejected, because of no relation. And
therefore, there is significant relationship between social desirability
and happiness. But according to PEARSON correlation coefficient,
between two self- efficacy variables and happiness is (r = 0/348, p
<0/001), and with attention to significant a significant level, theory
of 0H
will be accepted, because of no relation. And therefore, there is
no significant relationship between self-efficacy and happiness.
Table 2) correlation coefficients between variables
Independent
variable
Dependent
variable
correlation
coefficient
Significant
level.
Social
desirability
happiness 0/348 0/01
Self-efficacy happiness 0/079 0/17

8. According to table 3, and based on the results of the stepwise
regression, social desirability is the first priority in happiness predict.
And will predict the happiness positively. And will have increase effect
in happiness variance (Beta=0/348, p<0/005). But self-efficacy will not
predict any change in happiness. And will not have increase effect in
its variance (Beta=0/393, p>0/005). Finally, based on 𝑅2
value, adjusted
11/8 percent from variance change in happiness variation will be
explained by social desirability.
Table 3- multiple regression table
Variable Criterion:
Happiness
Not Standard
coefficients
Standardize
coefficients
t P
Factor
B
Mistake
value
Beta
Fixed 71/058 2/044 34/772 * 0/001
Predictor
variables
Social
desirability
2/187 0/341 0/348 6/416 *
0/0001
Self-
Efficacy
0/950 0/089 0/393 1/648 0/10
Discussion and conclusion:
This study aimed to investigate the role of social desirability predictor
and self-efficacy in happiness of female students in high school
section of BANDAR ABAS city. The results also showed that there is
direct relationship between social desirability and happiness. This
means that with increase in social desirability rate of students, their
happiness will increase also. This finding is consistent with similar
studies including AGHABABAEE, MOHAMMADTABAR and SAFARI
NIYA (2014),the social behavior of the higher piety and honesty-

9. humility and levels of narcissism, psychopathy were related, and
reported a significant relationship between them.
SARMADI SOLTAN, ZAREEE MIANKELLI and SALIMI BAJESTANI (2014),
also reported a relation between ecological and social desirability.
SHABANI, DELAVAR, BULOUKI and MAM SHARIFI (2013) also reported
a relation between social support and happiness. Social support and
understanding this issue by students is an effective factor in
prevention from people`s involvement in psychological trauma such
as depression, anxiety and stress. And we can say, those who have
support and social desirability will have more health and happiness.
Will form stronger and better social networks around themselves.
And have healthier life style. On account of this hypothesis, we can
say, when people see themselves with high popularity in society and
are accepted by social groups, are more satisfied in life, will have
more pleasure from being with others, and isolate the effect of
anxiety and depression. As a result, happiness rate in these people
will increase.
The results also show that, between self-efficacy and happiness of
female students in high school section in BANDAR ABAS, there is no
significant relationship. That is, no relationship between students `s
self-efficacy and their happiness. This finding with researches like:
ABASI and HOJATI (2010) reported that happiness will have effect in
increasing the self-efficacy of the students. ESMAILI FAR, SHAFI ABADI
and AHGHAR (2012),reported a significant relationship between self-
efficacy and happiness, and announced that self-efficacy will have
significant role in happiness predict. SHABANI, DELAVAR, BULOUKI
and MAMSHARIFI (2013), reported that when self-efficacy and

10. optimism have shown significant and direct effect on happiness, is
inconsistent.
But to explain the result of this theory, we can say that the lack of
association between self-efficacy and happiness in this study is may
be due to the lack of suitable fill out of questionnaire by students and
enough description were not given to the responders to prevent their
biases or there was not required accuracy in selecting suitable model.
It means that the suitable sample was not selected.