Gorillas in our midst.
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Power point presentation introducing the taxonomy, natural history, and social organization and conservation status of gorillas.
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Gorillas in our midst.
- 1. Gorillas In Our Midst. • The Gorilla: The Largest Living Species of Primate.
- 2. Geographical Range of Gorillas.
- 4. Gorilla Taxonomy. • Up to four subspecies of Gorilla gorilla are currently recognized. • I: Western Group: • A) Gorilla gorilla gorilla, The Western Lowland Gorilla. • B) G. g. diehli, The Cross River Gorilla. • II. Eastern Group. • C) G. g. graueri, The Eastern Lowland Gorilla. • D) G. g. beringei, The Mountain Gorilla.
- 5. Western Lowland Gorilla, G. g. gorilla.
- 6. The Cross River Gorilla, G. g. diehli.
- 7. Eastern Lowland Gorilla, G. g. graueri.
- 8. The Mountain Gorilla, G. g. beringei.
- 10. Gorilla Morphology. • Large Size. • Arms longer than legs. • Sexual dimorphism in size, males up to 200kg, females 70-100 kg. • Knuckle walkers/quadrupedal. • Sagittal Crest, especially in males. • Subpecies differentiated by shape of nostrils, relative size and robusticity, and body hair.
- 11. Skull with Sagittal Crest.
- 13. Gorilla Polygynous Social Groups. • Groups composed of one adult “Silverback” Male and several females, plus offspring. • Group numbers range from 7-11 individuals in mountain gorillas. • Immature “Blackback” males may remain with group until maturity. • Mountain gorillas are the most studied subspecies.
- 14. Gorilla Home and Day Range. • Gorilla home ranges vary depending on the habitat and subspecies in question. • Home ranges can be as large as 100 ha. • Day ranges average about 500 meters.
- 15. Gorilla Diet. • Gorillas are the most folivorous of the Great Apes. • Some fruit is eaten.
- 16. Gorilla Reproduction. • Extreme K selection. • Gorillas give birth to one offspring at a time. • Gestation is about 256 days. • Birth intervals between 36 and 59 months, depending on the subspecies.
- 17. Mother and baby.
- 18. Conservation Status of Gorillas. • All Gorilla subspecies are protected by CITES • Habitat loss is a major threat. • Poaching and the bushmeat trade are major threats too. • Diseases, such as Ebola, have devastated both gorilla and chimpanzee populations in the Odzala National Park in Zaire.
- 19. Population estimates. • Between 10,000 and 20,000 Western Lowland Gorillas. • Up to 10,000 Eastern Lowland Gorillas. • Between 350 and 650 Mountain Gorillas. • Between 100-200 Cross River Gorillas.
- 20. Gorilla survival in the future. • Depends on Ecosystem and Habitat protection. • Protection from poaching and bushmeat trade. • Reproduction in captivity. • New discoveries?
Notas del editor
- The most abundant of the gorilla subspecies, and is also the typical gorilla seen in captivity.
- The most recently discovered subspecies of gorilla, and fewest in number. Morphologically the Cross River gorilla is more gracile than the western lowland gorilla. Originally described as a distinct subspecies in 1904.
- The Eastern Lowland Gorilla is the largest subspecies of gorilla.
- Between 300-600 Mountain Gorillas are left. Diane Fossey is the Primatologist most associated with these.
- Note arms are longer than the legs, and the knuckle walking posture.
- Maternal care is a learned behavior in gorillas. Photos from Brookfield Zoo.
- Bwindi Impenetrable Forest Gorillas may be intergrades between graueri and beringei.
- There is the possibility of a new gorilla subspecies from northern Zaire being investigated.