Project report on Implementation of intelligent wide area network(wan)

1. Synopsis on
Implementation of Intelligent WAN (Wide Area Network)
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Degree
of Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science
Submitted by:
Jatin Singh Kushwaha
Univ. Roll no.-1250411

2. IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK)
(Using EIGRP AND MPLS ROTUING TECHNOLOGY)

3. Introduction:
A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network or computer
network that extends over a large geographical distance. Wide area networks are often
established with leased telecommunication circuits.
Business, education and government entities use wide area networks to relay data
among staff, students, clients, buyers, and suppliers from various geographical
locations. In essence, this mode of telecommunication allows a business to effectively
carry out its daily function regardless of location. The Internet may be considered a
WAN.
Objective:
Today most of the network is highly influenced by network traffic. This makes the
network very slow and sometimes result in bottleneck situations. A common source of
infections is when users or customers unknowingly click links to malicious websites
which result in unexpected network traffic.
So this project illustrates the new technology (MPLS and EIGRP) in the field of routing
which result in faster convergence and reduce the overhead traffic by speeding the
overall routing.
Scope:
As the world is becoming more globally a village. Every single individual needs internet.
By using the routing technology in this project, the overall traffic will be would be
distributed to different routers. Hence, increasing overall the speed of the network.

4. PROJECT CATEGORY
NETWORKING
What is network?
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together. There are many types
of computer networks, including the following:
1. local-area networks (LANs): The computers are geographically close together (that is, in the
same building).
2. wide-area networks (WANs): The computers are farther apart and are connected by
telephone lines or radio waves.
3. campus-area networks (CANs): The computers are within a limited geographic area, such as
a campus or military base.
4. metropolitan-area networks MANs): A data network designed for a town or city.
5. home-area networks (HANs): A network contained within a user's home that connects a
person's digital devices.

5. Hardware and software used:
Hardware:
1.Cisco 2900 series router
The Cisco 2911 Integrated Services Router (ISR) delivers highly secure data, voice, video,
and application service. Key features include:
 3 integrated 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports (RJ-45 only)
 4 enhanced high-speed WAN interface card slots
 2 onboard digital signal processor (DSP) slots
 Fully integrated power distribution to modules supporting 802.3af Power over Ethernet
(PoE) and Cisco Enhanced PoE
 Security
 Embedded hardware-accelerated VPN encryption for secure connectivity and
collaborative communications Integrated threat control using Cisco IOS Firewall, Cisco
IOS Zone-Based Firewall, Cisco IOS IPS, and Cisco IOS Content Filtering
 Identity management using authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) and
public key infrastructure

6. 2.Cisco 3650 series Switch
 24 and 48 10/100/1000 data and PoE+ ports to power your access points and other
devices, with energy-efficient Ethernet (EEE)
 3 fixed-uplink models with 4 x 1 Gigabit Ethernet, 2 x 10 Gigabit Ethernet, or 4 x 10 Gigabit
Ethernet ports
 11.62 in.-deep switches (select SKUs) with reduced noise for deployment in tight wiring
closets
 Optional Cisco StackWise-160 technology to provide scalability and resiliency with 160
Gbps of stack throughput
 Enhanced security with support for Flexible Net Flow, Cisco TrustSec, and MACsec
encryption
 Enterprise-class Layer 2 and 3 switching with QoS
 Cisco Application Visibility and Control for better network capacity management and
planning
 Dual redundant, modular power supplies and three modular fans

7. Software used:
Graphical Network Simulator (GNS3)
GNS3 works by using real Cisco IOS images which are emulated using a programcalled Dynamips.
GNS3 is really like the GUI part of the overall product. With this GUI, users get an easy to use
interface that allows themto build complex labs consisting of a variety of supported Cisco routers.
The programthat does the real job of emulating the routers using realIOS images is Dynamips.
Most people refer to this as the back-end to the whole operation where as Dynagen is referred to
as the front-end. This is mainly because Dynagen communicates with Dynamips using a Hypervisor -
- all this put together helps to make the configuration process simpler.
Now, take this added usability and throw in the GUI provided by GNS3, and you've gotten yourself a
really powerful, easy to use simulator.
This how GNS3 lookslike…

8. Routing Technologies Used:
1. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
Cisco IOS Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) enables Enterprises and Service
Providers to build next-generation intelligent networks that deliver a wide variety of advanced,
value-added services over a single infrastructure. This economical solution can be integrated
seamlessly over any existing infrastructure, such as IP, Frame Relay, ATM, or Ethernet.
Subscribers with differing access links can be aggregated on an MPLS edge without changing
their current environments, as MPLS is independent of access technologies.
Integration of MPLS application components, including Layer 3 VPNs, Layer 2 VPNs, Traffic
Engineering, QoS, GMPLS, and IPV6 enable the development of highly efficient, scalable, and
secure networks that guarantee Service Level Agreements.
Cisco IOS MPLS delivers highly scalable, differentiated, end-to-end IP services with simple
configuration, management, and provisioning for providers and subscribers. A wide range of
platforms support this solution, which is essential for both Service Provider and Enterprise
networks.
In MPLS, the IP packets are encapsulated with these labels by the first MPLS device they
encounter as they enter the network. The MPLS edge router analyses the contents of the IP
header and selects an appropriate label with which to encapsulate the packet. Part of the great
power of MPLS comes from the fact that, in contrast to conventional IP routing, this analysis
can be based on more than just the destination address carried in the IP header. At all the
subsequent nodes within the network the MPLS label, and not the IP header, is used to make
the forwarding decision for the packet. Finally, as MPLS labeled packets leave the network,
another edge router removes the labels.
In MPLS terminology, the packet handling nodes or routers are called Label Switched Routers
(LSRs). The derivation of the term should be obvious; MPLS routers forward packets by making
switching decisions based on the MPLS label. This illustrates another of the key concepts in
MPLS. Conventional IP routers contain routing tables which are looked up using the IP header
from a packet to decide how to forward that packet. These tables are built by IP routing
protocols (e.g., RIP or OSPF) which carry around IP reachability information in the form of IP
addresses. In practice, we find that forwarding (IP header lookup) and control planes
(generation of the routing tables) are tightly coupled. Since MPLS forwarding is based on labels
it is possible to cleanly separate the (label-based) forwarding plane from the routing protocol
control plane. By separating the two, each can be modified independently. With such a

9. separation, we don't need to change the forwarding machinery, for example, to migrate a new
routing strategy into the network.
There are two broad categories of LSR. At the edge of the network, we require high
performance packet classifiers that can apply (and remove) the requisite labels: we call these
MPLS edge routers. Core LSRs need to be capable of processing the labeled packets at
extremely high bandwidths.
This is an abstract of the MPLS article contained in techguide.com. The complete article
examines MPLS and the opportunities it offers to users and also to the service providers who
are designing and engineering the next generation of IP networks. It also describes why new
carrier-class edge devices will become a key component in the provisioning of future network
services.
2.ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL (EIGRP)
Enhanced Interior Gateway Protocol (EIGRP) is a proprietary hybrid routing protocol developed
by Cisco Systems. EIGRP uses the same distance vector algorithm and distance information as
IGRP. However, as its name implies, EIGRP has been enhanced in convergence properties and
operating efficiency over IGRP. Principally, EIGRP has been enhanced to use more advanced
features to avoid routing loops and to speed convergence time. In addition, EIGRP transmits the
subnet mask for each routing entry, enabling EIGRP to support features such as VLSM and route
summarization.
EIGRP Features
EIGRP provides advanced features over its predecessors IGRP and RIP:
 Increased network width— With IP RIP, the largest possible width of your network is 15
hops. When IP EIGRP is enabled, the largest possible width is 224 hops.
 Fast convergence— EIGRP uses an algorithm called the Diffusing Update Algorithm
(DUAL). This algorithm guarantees loop-free operation at every instant throughout a
route computation and allows all routers involved in a topology change to synchronize
at the same time. Routers that are not affected by topology changes are not involved in
recomputations. DUAL provides a systemfor routers to not only calculate the best
current route to each subnet, but also to calculate alternative routes that could be used
if the current route fails. The alternate route, called the feasible successor route, is
guaranteed to be loop-free, so convergence can happen quickly. Because of DUAL, the
convergence time of EIGRP rivals that of other existing routing protocols.

10.  Partial updates— EIGRP sends incremental updates when the state of a destination
changes, instead of sending the entire contents of the routing table. This feature
reduces the bandwidth required for EIGRP packets and also reduces CPU processing.
 Neighbor-discovery mechanism— This is a simple hello mechanism used to learn about
neighboring routers. It is protocol-independent.
 VLSM and route summarization— EIGRP supports variable-length subnet masks and
route summarization.
 Automatic redistribution— Because IGRP and EIGRP share the same metrics, IP IGRP
routes can be automatically redistributed into EIGRP, and IP EIGRP routes can be
automatically redistributed into IGRP. If desired, you can turn off redistribution.
BAISC CONFIGURATION on ROUTERS:
1. MPLS
On router1
router>enable
router #configure terminal
router(configure)#ip cef
router (configure) #ip vrf vpn1
router (configure)#rd 100:1
router (configure)# route-target export 100:1
router (configure)#route-target import 100:1
On router 2
Router > enable
Router # configure terminal
Router(configure)#ip cef
Router(configure)#ip vrf vpn1
Router(configure)#rd 100:1
Router(configure)#route-target export 100:1
Router(configure)#route-target import 100:1

11. Basic MPLS Configurations on the 2 routers
2.EIGRP
On router 1
router>enable
router #configure terminal
router(configure)# router eigrp 10
router(config-router) #network 10.0.0.0
router(config-router) #network 1.0.0.0
On router 2
router>enable
router #configure terminal
router(configure)# router eigrp 100
router(config-router) #network 1.0.0.0
router(config-router) #network 10.0.0.0
Basic EIGRP configurations on the 2 routers

12. MAIN PROJECT SCREENSHOT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT WIDE AREA
NETWORK(WAN)

13. RESOURCES
The following are the actually list of some high end routers and switches which are capable of
implementing the new protocols like MPLS and EIGRP.
Switching and Routing
Cisco Catalyst 4503-E and 3650 Switch at head office
Cisco 4451-X Integrated Services Router at head office
Cisco 2911 Integrated Services Router at sites.
LIMITATIONS:
Basically the project is only a demonstration of implementing and managing the WAN. Most
companies cannot implement the above required resources because of the cost that these
devices demand.
The above mentioned devices are the best industry solutions for the data traffic problems but
the company must financially strong to meet these needs. However, small companies do no
purchase these systems as they only borrow services from bigger companies.so the overall
limitation is financial support to buy these products.
Caution:
While handling these devices, the network engineer must have experience on enterprise level of
handling the network, so while configuring these devices does not create a mess.

14. FUTURE SCOPE:
The routing technology that are mention in this project are the newly solutions to the data
traffic problems. The enterprise companies which implements these technologies does not
need to switch to any other technology for the next 15 years. The network will be
 Scalable
 Less traffic prone
 Resilient
 Cost saving