'Cavaliers' and 'Roundheads'

2. On the King’s side!

3. NICKNAME:
.‘Cavaliers’ – Cavalier originally meant horseman. It was a nickname
for fashionable gentlemen.
. Also was a word used to describe cruel Spanish troops, so it was an
insult.
WHO WAS ON THEIR SIDE?
Conservative (less strict) Protestants who were loyal to the King.
The richer people in society, especially ‘courtiers’ (Charles’ close
friends.)
Men from the House of Lords because they did not want to lose any
power to Parliament.
‘Celtic’ Cornwall and the Welsh – they did not like the ‘Englishness’
of Parliament
CATHOLICS supported Charles because they were frightened of
puritans (SRICT PROTESTANTS) in Parliament.

4. WHERE DID MEN COME FROM?
Northern and western areas of
England.
Lots of poorer people avoided
enlisting.
ARMY
Lots of horseman
Long hair with extravagant hats!
Basic armour of a leather coat and
breast plate (metal).
THE MAN YOU NEED TO KNOW
ABOUT (the leader):
The King of course, it was his army!

5. Fought for Parliament.

6. NICKNAME:
‘Roundheads’ – This was seen as an insult. This term was
used by Royalists to make fun of the short hair which
people on Parliaments side had. Many Puritan (Strict
Protestants) MP’s had short hair.
WHO WAS ON THEIR SIDE?:
Merchants and traders of the South East of England and
in London. They hated fines such as ‘ship money’ and
relied on money which Parliament would provide.
This meant that the Parliamentary side had access to
more money and the Navy.
Many of the supporters were puritans (strict
protestants).

7. ARMY:
They wore helmets rather than extravagant hats!
In the beginning they were similar in strength to the King’s army –
most wore the basic leather coat and breast plate (metal).
In 1644 however, Parliament’s army was strengthened and given a
new name – THE NEW MODEL ARMY.
This army was well trained, well paid and well equipped with
armour.
Nicknamed ‘Ironsides’ because of the strong iron chest armour they
had and because they stood firm in battle.
THE MAN YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT (important leader):
OLIVER CROMWELL – was a very effective commander at the start of
the war.
He set up the New Model Army, a very strong force indeed!