periodic table, elements, Mendeleev

1. The Periodic Table

2. • Dmitri Mendeleev:
Russian, who
discovered a pattern to
the elements by using
a variety of properties
of the elements.
Predicted elements
that had not been
discovered yet.

3. • Periodic: describes something that occurs
or repeats at regular intervals (Days of a
week)
• Periodic Law: the law that states that the
repeating chemical and physical
properties of elements change periodically
with the atomic numbers of the elements
(Henry Moseley)

4. Categories of Elements:
1. Metals: are shiny and they conduct heat
energy and electric current. (Ductile,
Malleable, Solid at Room Temp.)
• Example: Copper, Lead, Tin

5. Categories of Elements:
2. Nonmetals: do not conduct heat or
electric current, and are dull in
appearance. (Gases at Room Temp.,
Opposite Metal)
• Example: Neon, Iodine, Sulfur

6. Categories of Elements:
3. Metalloids: have properties of both
metals and nonmetals (Zig zag Line)
• Example: Boron, Silicon, Antimony

7. Parts of the Periodic Table:
• Period: each
horizontal row of
elements on the
periodic table
(Reactivity and
Conductivity)
• Group: each vertical
column of elements
on the periodic table
(Similar Physical and
Chemical Properties)

8. Each element has its own:
1. Element Symbol 2. Element Name
3. Atomic Number 4.Atomic Mass

9. Isotopes: atoms with same
number of protons but not neutrons
• How do Atoms of Different Elements
Differ? Neutrons
• Radioactive atoms spontaneously fall
apart after a certain amount of time.
• How do you tell isotopes apart? Mass
Number
• Naming an Isotope: Name of element with
hyphened mass number (Carbon-12)

10. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
• Group 1: Alkali Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 1
Reactivity: Very Reactive
Shared properties: Softness, Color of
silver, shiny, low density

11. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 2
Reactivity: Very but less than group 1
Shared properties: Color of silver, higher
density than group 1

12. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 3-12: Transition Metals
Group contains: Metals
Electrons in outer level: 1 or 2
Reactivity: Less reactive than group 2
Shared properties: shiny, good
conductors, higher melting point and
density over group 1 & 2

13. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 13: Boron Group
Group contains: 1 metalloid and 4
metals
Electrons in outer level: 3
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.

15. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 14: Carbon Group
Group contains: 1 nonmetal, 2
metalloids, and 2 metals
Electrons in outer level: 4
Reactivity: Varies
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.

17. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 15: Nitrogen Group
Group contains: 2 nonmetals, 2
metalloids, and 1 metal
Electrons in outer level: 5
Reactivity: Varies
Shared properties: Solid at room temp.
except Nitrogen

18. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 16: Oxygen Group
Group contains: 3 nonmetals, 1
metalloid, and 1 metal
Electrons in outer level: 6
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: all
except Oxygen
solid at room temp.

20. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 17: Halogens
Group contains: Nonmetals
Electrons in outer level: 7
Reactivity: Reactive
Shared properties: Poor Conductors,
Violent reactions with alkali metals,
never uncombined in nature

21. Groups of Elements on the Periodic
Table
Group 18: Noble Gases
Group contains: Nonmetals
Electrons in outer level: 8
Reactivity: Unreactive
Shared properties: Colorless,
Odorless, Gases

22. Hydrogen
Electrons in outer level: 1
Reactivity: reactive
Shared properties: Colorless,
Odorless, Gases, low density,
explosive with oxygen