This document discusses various usability methods that can be used at different stages of electronic medical record (EMR) development to improve usability. It describes contextual inquiry, personas, use case scenarios, requirements gathering, user stories, prototyping, card sorting, concept exploration, usability testing, incorporating user feedback, and maintaining design intent. Implementing usability methods early in the development process is most cost-effective, as it allows findings to be incorporated before significant code is written. While usability adds costs, it can provide measurable benefits like improved productivity, satisfaction, and safety.
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Usability methods to improve EMRs
1. June 9, 2010 Usability Methodsto Improve EMRs Janey Barnes, PhDUser-View, Inc. Raleigh, NC Jeff Belden, MD Family &Community MedicineUniversity of Missouri 1
2. Conflict of Interest Disclosure Janey Barnes, PhD Contracted Research: Allscripts Patagonia Health Duke Health Systems 2
3. Conflict of Interest Disclosure Jeff Belden, MD Dr. Belden is on faculty at University of Missouri - Columbia, and an EMR usability consultant with the Tiger Institute, a technology collaborative between the University of Missouri and Cerner Corporation. Dr. Belden has no financial interest. 3
4. Session Objectives Describe stages of software development in which usability methods can be most effective. List and describe usability methods applicable to each stage of EMR development. Analyze the cost/benefit of implementing usability methods within a user-centered design process. 4
96. “A surgeon needs latest evolving lab results while moving through the hospital, without stopping to log-in at a PC”.40
97. User Stories Planning Execution Arrange short meeting with customer Bring 3x5 cards for each story User writes user stories 3x5 note card Rewrite until clear Developer may use questions to get user going 41
126. Walk thru steps, explaining what happens, or get fancier with paper menus, dialog boxes, etc.49
127. Prototyping Timing Early Before code Impact Find usability problems early before code is written Communication between users & designers is promoted Paper is cheap & quick 50
140. Visual Design Good visual design communicates: Info organization Info priority and reduces cognitive load 59
141. Design & User Feedback Activities Visual Design Concept Exploration Planning: Iterative Process Execution: Research methods to quantify effectiveness of Visual Design Timing: In parallel with information & interaction design Impact: Critical! Visual Design is not just “make it pretty” 60
169. Development Activities User Acceptance Testing (Software) Incorporating user feedback Maintaining the intent of the design 71 Keep the door open between UX and Development!
219. 85 Costs Including Usability in Development Cycle Design Alternatives Cost of Changes Planning Design Development Release
220. CostsUsability in the Development Cycle 1 of 2 Discount Usability vs Premium Usability Time (labor) Employee vs Contractor (expendable) Design vs Evaluation Test system setup Participant recruitment and compensation 86
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222. Sometimes too busy to stop and determine how to integrate usability during development.87
228. Proprietary data used competitively and not available to the publicUsability community has made efforts to quantify benefit of Usability interventions 89
229. Tradeoffsbetween Usability Costs & Benefits Case scenarios presented as examples that hopefully demonstrate the cost-benefit tradeoffs across several types of HF activities. Data for case scenarios taken from: Good Ergonomics Is Good Economics (1996). Hal Hendrick. Proceedings of the HFES 40th. Usability Professionals’ Association (UPA) http://www.upassoc.org 90