Slides from our talk given at Agile Testing and BDD Exchange 2015

2. Analysis
Break down and
examine
Put conclusions
together and form a
coherent whole
Synthesis

4. Functional Decomposition Tree

5. Code
Requirements
Functional
Specification
High Level
Design
Detailed
Design
Unit
Tests
Component Integration
Tests
System Tests
Acceptance
Tests
The V Model

6. In order to know what the hell I’m
doing
As a disillusioned team member
I need a vast and sprawling backlog
of 50 million disembodied user
stories entered into Jira

7. Code
A conversation
Unit
Tests
Some Tests
Agile?
In order to know what the hell
I’m doing
As a disillusioned team
member
I need a vast and sprawling
backlog of 50 million user
stories entered into Jira
Better collaboration
Lots less
Documentation!

8. Code
A conversation
Unit
Tests
Some Tests
TDD?
In order to know what the hell
I’m doing
As a disillusioned team
member
I need a vast and sprawling
backlog of 50 million user
stories entered into Jira
Unit tests inform the
implementation and we can
make changes more
confidently
Better collaboration
Lots less
Documentation!

9. Code
A conversation
Unit
Tests
Examples
BDD?
In order to know what the hell
I’m doing
As a disillusioned team
member
I need a vast and sprawling
backlog of 50 million user
stories entered into Jira
The test is the
specification
Better collaboration
Lots less
Documentation!
Unit tests inform the
implementation and we can
make changes more
confidently
Less
ambiguity

10. Solution Focus

11. BA
Developer
Tester
User

13. Requirement
Specification

14. Code and well named tests
Examples that help project teams understand the
outputs and interactions that deliver those outcomes
Examples that help development teams agree on the
scenarios, behaviours and interfaces and how to verify them
Examples that help stakeholders agree
outcomes & explore options
Nirvana
Examples that help development teams clarify
implementation of rules, and guide development
Continuous
collaboration

16. Design Thinking
DIVERGE CONVERGE
Create
Choices
Make
Choices

19. In order to contribute to high value
business outcomes
As a motivated team member
I need purpose, direction, context
and shared understanding

21. Getting the Balance Right

22. Getting the Balance Right
is hard if our only tools are
As a… In order to… I want…
and
Given… When… Then…

23. BDD practitioners use conversations
about concrete examples
to build up a common understanding
of what features will deliver real value
to the organisation
@wakaleo

24. Activity 4
Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
2
Illustrate these using
examples
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
Outputs0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

25. Outcomes
Outputs
Process
Scenarios
Inputs

26. Activity 4
Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
2
Illustrate these using
examples
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
Outputs0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

28. Doing the right thing is more important
than doing the thing right
There is nothing quite so useless as
doing with great efficiency something
that should not be done at all
-Peter Drucker

29. Invest in Outcomes
vs
Estimate Cost of Features

30. Why?
Who?
Who?
How?
How?
What?
What?
What?
Impact Mapping

32. Investment Game – Round 1

33. Investment Game – Round 1

34. Investment Game – Round 1

35. Investment Game – Round 1

36. Investment Game – Round 1

37. Investment Game – Round 2

38. Investment Game – Round 2

39. Investment Game – Round 2

40. Investment Game – Round 2

41. Investment Game – Round 2

42. You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’

43. Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
Activity 4
2
Illustrate these using
examples
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

44. Activity 4
2
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes

45. Illustrate your outputs
using concrete examples
with real-world data

46. £10 off BigMart
Garden Centre
Coupon to be accepted only at BigMart stores.
Coupon cannot be exchanged for cash. This coupon
cannot be used in conjunction with any other
BigMart offer. Only one coupon used per
transaction. Coupon valid until 15/1/2015
When you Present your
BigMart Club Card
£1 off NEW Rustic
Wrap range
Coupon to be accepted only at BigMart stores.
Coupon cannot be exchanged for cash. This coupon
cannot be used in conjunction with any other
BigMart offer. Only one coupon used per
transaction. Coupon valid until 15/11/2015
Thanks Jenny!
Thanks for your loyalty to
BigMart this month, here’s
a coupon for some free
Cava to say thanks
See www.BigMar.com/Rewards for
terms and conditions

47. Can you give me an example?

48. Activity 4
2
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
Illustrate these
using examples

49. Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
Illustrate these using
examples
Activity 4
2
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

50. Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
The process or interactions required to
generate the outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Processes give our outputs context and relevance

51. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign

53. Visualise milestones
that deliver end-to-end value

54. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign

55. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Opening
Game
Mid Game
End Game

56. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign

57. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign

58. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit (without
saving)
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign

59. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit (without
saving)
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign
Opening
Game

60. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit (without
saving)
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign
Opening
Game
Mid Game

61. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
Setup creative
Setup
Issuance Rules
Setup
Distribution
Rules
Setup Priorities
View existing
Coupon
Edit (without
saving)
Edit & Save
Changes
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Publish without
images
Publish
multiple
coupons
Evaluate
personal offers
from emulator
Coupon
issuance report
updated
Publish with
images
Evaluate &
Prioritise
coupons
Edit & Publish
updates
Print Coupon
Issue offer to
mobile app
Sort reports by
Campaign
Opening
Game
Mid Game
End Game

62. Create
Coupon
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
Setup on
portal
View on
portal
Edit on
Portal
Publish to
till emulator
Publish to
live till
Evaluate
Rules
Issue
Coupon
View
Reports
backbone
View existing
Coupon
Edit (without
saving)
Evaluate
basket from
emulator
Render coupon
in emulator
Real time
issuance
update to
portal
Opening
Game
1
Login as
BigMart
2
View Meal
Deal Coupon
3a
Update title
3b
Show use of
placeholder
6
View Big Days
Out Mobile
coupon
4
Run lunchtime
basket
5
Get meal deal
coupon
8
Run Big Days
out basket
9
Get Big Days
out Coupon
7
Show Big Days
out is a higher
priority
10
Run Basket
that qualifies
for both
11
Get Big Days
out Coupon
12
Show 3 new
issuance
records
Dream Demo makes
it real

63. Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
Activity 4
2
Illustrate these using
examples
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

64. InputsInputs
0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5ScenariosScenarios 4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
Different paths through the
process to generate the outputs
Like Test Cases
Use Specification
by Example for this

66. Ubiquitous Examples
Use the same examples to guide
conversations with different
audiences

67. Keeping it real
The value in the example is in the
data used to drive the example

68. Inputs
Inputs
Outcomes
In order to xxx
As a xxx
I need xxx
1
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
3 Process
0.99 ✗
1 ✓
£$% ✗
5
Inputs and data attributes to
drive the scenarios.
Like Test Conditions or
detailed examples
The process or interactions required to generate the
outputs:
Like the backbone of a Story Map
Use Specification
by Example for this
Scenarios
Scenarios
4
Given xxx
When xxx
Then xxx
Different paths through the
process to generate the
outputs
Like Test Cases
Activity 4
2
Illustrate these using
examples
Outputs
These are the outputs that
deliver the required outcomes
You could get this starting point
from the ‘How’ level of an Impact
Map. The ‘Impacts’
Back of a fag packet
BDD Analysis

69. Thank you!