Vaccines and immunity

1. Vaccines & Human Health

2. Vaccines
● A vaccine is a weakened (attenuated) or killed
form of a pathogen
● Most vaccines are injected to avoid destruction
by digestive enzymes

3. Vaccines
● Stimulate the body's immune response to
create antibodies and memory cells specific to
the disease.
● Immune system is prepared for immediate and
specific attack if faced with the pathogen again.

4. Immunity
● Immunity: Possessing the antibody response to a
particular pathogen to prevent the development of
illness.
● Passive Immunity: Antibodies are passed from one
individual to another. Ex. Mother to child
● Acquired Immunity: Immune system form
antibodies as result of exposure to pathogen
– Natural Immunity – Result of infection
– Artificial Immunity – Result of vaccination

5. ● Herd Immunity: Occurs when the vaccination
of a significant portion of a population (or herd)
provides a measure of protection for individuals
who have not developed immunity.
● Why is this important?

6. The First Vaccine
Edward Jenner: The Biography of a Great Thinker
– https://youtu.be/i_ghK1FXkOw
–

7. The First Vaccine
● Edward Jenner
– Observed:
– Hypothesized:
– Tested:
– Concluded: