Arc 211 american diversity and design jiacheng liu
1. University at Buffalo State University of New York
ARC 211American Diversity and Design Spring 2017
Jiacheng Liu 50153032
University at Buffalo. South campus. Jiacheng Liu. May 17, 2017
Online discussion questions
2. Week 1 Thread 2 On “What is design?” from Hello World: Where Design Meets Life by Alice
Rawsthron The author opened her chapter with the example of Ying Zheng, the ruler of the Qin empire,
one of the most powerful and enduring empires I the history of China. She explained how design
innovation contributed to Ying Zheng’s success. For example, in the development of weaponry, he
resolved many problems by standardizing parts, and this single innovation gave his armies great
advantage over other armies. For this discussion, let’s move away from 246 B.C. China, and into the U.S.
Describe an innovation or invention (can be current or historical) that gave advantage to a group of
people in the U.S. or to the population as a whole. What were the social impacts of this innovation?
Were any groups negatively impacted by this innovation? For example, the telegraph, developed and
patented in the United States in 1837 by Samuel Morse, permitted people and commerce to transmit
messages across both continents and oceans almost instantly, with widespread social and economic
impacts. This heightened communication speed allowed business persons to make decisions with up-to-
date information, often resulting in big profits. Those without access had to rely on outdated
information, which put them at a disadvantage.
Week 1 Thread 3 On “Introduction” from Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden
Consequences The editors state that “diverse participation in the design process, from both
professionals and public citizens alike, yields more equitable results.” This makes sense, but typically has
not been the case. Nonetheless, many marginalized groups have impacted design in ways that have
changed our visual and physical worlds as well as our systems, policies, and institutions. For example, in
the 1960s, disability rights advocates designed media events to raise awareness about barriers in the
physical environment. They persisted with their efforts for decades, and, finally, in 1990, the Americans
with Disabilities Act became law. It mandated accessibility in public accommodations such as restaurants
and stores, public transportation, communication, and other areas of public life. This dramatically
changed our physical environment (from curb cuts to ramps to automatic doors) and the results made
3. public life more equitable. Now it’s your turn. Describe a design that was impacted by a diversity group.
How and why did it change form and/or circumstances? (Note that a design can be anything requiring
planning and development prior to the production of an action, system, visual, material object, or
environment. Also, keep in mind that, for our purposes, a diversity group is a group of individuals who
are underrepresented in society in some way—children, older adults, the economically disadvantaged,
those with cognitive disabilities, etc.)
Week 2 Thread 1 Where would you place the images shown in Photos That Changed the World
into Croteau and Hoynes' diagram entitled “Model of Media and the Social World”? Identify a mass
media photograph taken in your own lifetime that has served as an icon of an event. (Feel free to add an
attachment.) What roles does this photo play in the communication of the event?
Week 2 Thread 2 Thread 2: FROM: “Fashioning Protest for the Women’s March on Washington”
and “The Worst Design of 2016 Was Also the Most Effective” NOTE: Use the first three part of the SEE-IT
method of critical thinking (State, Elaborate, Exemplify) to address the following questions: Typically, we
do not think of hats as elements of mass media or social media. However, the two hats (red and pink)
discussed in the articles certainly have taken on that role. Why the two hats (red and pink) are
mentioned in the articles vehicles of communication design? What meanings do each of the two hats
carry? In terms of communication design, how are they similar? And how are they different from one
another?
Week 3 Thread 1 Thread 1: Response to “Industrial Design” by John Heskett and "The Incredible
Inventions of Intuitive AI" by Maurice Conti In his chapter on industrial design (written in 1987),
historian John Heskett claims that the methods of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in the U.S.
involved new concepts of the standardization and integration of the production line that were adopted
across the world. With Ford’s method, work could be completed by relatively unskilled workers; it was
4. more efficient and with this method, products were made more quickly and cheaply than previously
possible. What were some of the social consequences of Ford’s production line? In other words, how did
this system change our U.S. society? Do any of those changes remain with us today? Now consider
Maurice Conti’s TED Talk, and the predictions he makes about production. How do you think
manufacturing processes will change in the next twenty years? How do you think these changes will
affect our U.S. society?
Week 3 Thread 2 :Response IDEA Awards and Cradle-to-Cradle Video Collapse NOTE: Use the
first three part of the SEE-IT method of critical thinking (State, Elaborate, Exemplify) to address the
following questions: Which of the 2016 IDEA Gold Award products seems to defy the Cradle-to-Cradle
concept developed by architect William McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael Braungart? How does this
product resist or disregard the concept? Do you know of any products that embrace Cradle-toCradle
design? If so, please describe.
Week 4 Thread 1: Response to All Module 4 Materials Your readings and viewings this week
present different ways of thinking about architecture. Mies Van der Rohe describes architecture as “The
will of the epoch translated into space.” Andrew Ballantyne describes architecture as the background for
life. Jeanne Gang describes it as the act of building relationships. All agree that architecture can change
based on context and culture. Choose two works of architecture from any of your materials this week—
one with sensibilities about the past and one with sensibilities about the present and/or future. How do
each of these buildings either reflect or challenge their cultural contexts? (Use the SEE-IT method to
respond to this question.)
Week 4 Thread 2: Response to Ballantyne and Zumthor Articles Andrew Ballantyne and Peter
Zumthor present ideas about architecture that seem to value the sensorial and material elements of life.
5. How are Ballantyne’s and Zumthor’s viewpoints on architecture alike? More importantly, how do they
differ? (Use the SEE-IT method to respond to this question.)
Week 5 Thread 1 Here is your discussion question on the Levy article. Please post your own
response, and respond to at least two other students' responses. John Levy’s article, “An Overview: The
Need for Planning,” discussed ways in which planning can determine the characteristics of a place. For
example, some smaller towns restrict the heights of buildings to maintain a certain scale. How did
planning define the character of the place in which you grew up?
Week 5 Thread 2 Here is your discussion question on the Pruitt Igoe project, the Talen article,
and the Larson lecture. Article. Please post your own response, and respond to at least two other
students' responses. Imagine that you are part of a urban planning and design firm working with Emily
Talen (author of “Design That Enables Diversity”) and Kent Larson (who gave the TED Talk "Brilliant
Designs to Fit More People In Every City" The thee of you have been tasked with developing a plan to
rebuild Pruitt Igoe in St. Louis. City officials told the three of you that that they want to do it right this
time. Identify three strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Igoe in ways that promise to be more successful.
What would Talen do? What would Larson do? What would you do? How would your strategies differ
from those of the original urban planners/designers of the project? Why would your strategies be more
effective?
Week 6 Thread 1 Displaying his plan at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, Frederick
Law Olmsted stated that "Buffalo is the best planned city, as to its streets, public places, and grounds, in
the United States, if not in the world." What was the basis for this claim? Would Olmsted still make that
claim today? Why or why not?
Week 6 Thread 2 Identify something that should be memorialized either on UB's campus or in
your hometown. Imagine that you are the person who will oversee this project, and that you are using
6. Walter Hood's 'triad of investigations' as your approach to the project. What would your landscape
intervention commemorate/memorialize? How will you use Hood's 'triad of investigations' to design a
new landscape intervention? What do you imagine that the design will be? (Either written or visual
descriptions are acceptable).
Week 7 Thread 1 The abolitionist poster, the Brookes, is an iconic image that often is included in
exhibits that explore issues of race and power. It was commissioned by Thomas Clarkson in 1788, and
the Committee of the Abolition of Slavery used it to inform and shock the public. While some consider
the poster as an important component of the abolitionist campaign, it recently “has been strongly
criticized by some individuals and groups of African heritage as providing a very limited view of the
history of the transatlantic slave trade, resistance and abolition (Hudson 2007).” The lesson here is that
how a viewer sees an image is dependent upon his/her social, economic, and cultural position. Keeping
this in mind, find another iconic graphic that addresses racial issues and post it for others in your group
to view. (Add it to your response by clicking on the picture in the tools section. Do not add it as an
attachment that needs to be opened.) How do you interpret the graphic? What is its meaning? Now
imagine that someone from a racial and cultural background different than your own is looking at the
same graphic. Briefly describe this person. How might s/he interpret its meaning? How might this differ
from your interpretation? What are the possible reasons for these differences? (Consider the three
assessment principles mentioned in the article to help you: a technology of vision, an instrument of
empathy, and a symbol of control.) (NOTE: Limit your response to less than 250 words.)
Week 7 Thread 2 Critique either the MLK Memorial or the National Museum of African American
History and Culture using equityXdesign’s core beliefs and/or design principles. (Use the beliefs or
principles that are most relevant to your critique rather than all of them.) (NOTE: Limit your response to
less than 250 words.)
7. Week 8 Thread 1 This is a two-part question. Please post your own response by Friday, March
31at 10:00 am, and respond to at least two other students’ responses by Sunday, April 2 at 10:00 pm.
First, let’s start with your own home. Describe a place in your home (indoors and/or outdoors) that you
think of as representative of your own ethnic background and discuss why you consider this place to be
‘ethnic’. –OR-- Describe an object in your home that you think of as representative of your ethnic
background and discuss why this object is considered to be ‘ethnic’. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is this
object or place something that you will keep or continue when you establish your own home? Why or
why not? Now let’s move into your community. In “Landscape Stories,” the authors show how
landscape architects develop a historical narrative that sifts through and interpets the culture and
material of underrepresented groups. Think about the community where you grew up. Describe and
discuss any evidence of cultural influences on the physical environment in your community. If possible,
describe evidence of the cultural influence of an underrepresented group. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is
this cultural influence being acknowledged or preserved from future generations? Why or why not?
(Limit your response to 250 words.)
Week 9 Thread 1 Please post your own response by Friday, April 7 at 10:00 am, and respond to
at least one other student’s response by Sunday, April 9 at 10:00 pm. In their chapter “Communicating
Gender,” Maya Ganesh and Gabi Sobliye discuss two primary visual advocacy approaches: 1) get the
idea, and 2) stories in data. Find a new example of either of the two visual advocacy approaches to
gender issues, and post it in this thread. Cite the source. First, identify the approach. Then explain how
the designer uses the approach to communicate a gender issue. Is the approach effective in this
example? Why or why not? How could this graphic be improved? (Limit your response to 200 words.)
Week 9 Thread 2 Last year, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law a bill that
repealed local LGBT anti-discrimination laws, and required people to use the bathroom that
corresponded with the biological gender written on their birth certificates. This prompted massive
8. backlash. McCrory stated, “You know, we all have to make adjustments in life. And we’ve had the proper
etiquette situation for decades in our country, and all of a sudden through political correctness we’re
throwing away basic etiquette.” Just this past Thursday, the North Carolina General Assembly passed a
bill to repeal the law while placing a moratorium on nondiscrimination measures. Should people be
required to use the bathroom that corresponds with the biological gender written on their birth
certificate? State why AND state why not. In other words, to receive full credit for this question, you
need to present an argument for both sides of the issue. As a designer, how would you solve this gender
dilemma? Use the SEE-IT method to respond to this question. (Limit your response to less than 250
words.) (Other students in your group can comment on which of your two arguments is the most
convincing and why.)
Week 10 Thread 1 Author Steven Flusty categorized five types of disciplinary architecture that
perpetuate what he calls urban spatial injustice: 1) stealthy, 2) slippery, 3) crusty, 4) prickly, and 5)
jittery. Go out into the city of Buffalo, and find/photograph two examples from the list of five. Identify
what type of space you’ve photographed and why it might discriminate against a specific population.
Identify the location where you took the photograph, and make certain that you are in at least one of
the two photographs.
Week 10 Thread 2 After almost two decades of public assistance, Tammy Crabtree took herself
and her family off the welfare rolls. But her job cleaning bathrooms at a local Burger King barely paid the
bills. Crabtree wanted to do better and hopes to go to college and become a teacher. Imagine this
scenario. You are a designer who works at the well-known firm, iPD (Integrated Planning and Design).
You work on a team with planners, urban designers, policy designers, architects, and social designers.
You have been tasked to develop/design a way for Tammy Crabtree and her family (and others with
situations similar to Tammy’s) to move themselves out of poverty. What will your team to do to help
9. Tammy and her family achieve their goals? What approach will your team take to address this difficult
problem?
Week 11 Thread 1 The development of Regent Park is phased, and there are several more
phases to the project. What actions could be taken to ensure more social integration for the older
people living in the ‘new and improved’ Regent Park?
Week 11 Thread 2 For this question, we will focus on Juan Enriquez’ Life Two civilization, which
alters fundamental aspects of the body. We are living longer than ever before in human history.
Enriquez argues that, because of advances in bio-medical technology, the possibility of living to 120
years of age and beyond is quite possible for many of us in this D+D class. Assuming that his assertion is
accurate, how do you think extended life spans will change our societies and built environments? What
new issues might designers face because of extended life spans?
Week 12 Thread 1 The two most frequently mentioned models of disability are the ‘social’ and
the ‘medical’ models. The medical model of disability views disability as a medical ‘problem’ that
belongs to the disabled individual. The social model of disability, in contrast, draws on the idea that it is
society that disables people, through designing everything to meet the needs of the majority of people
who are not disabled. There is a recognition within the social model that there is a great deal that
society can do to reduce, and ultimately remove, some of these disabling barriers, and that this task is
the responsibility of society, rather than the disabled person. In the Smithsonian online exhibition, the
story about the superhero hand, and Elise Roy’s TED Talk, you saw examples of ways to engage disability
that use the social model rather than the medical model. In the Disability and Design PowerPoint, you
were introduced to the concept of Universal Design (UD) (sometimes called inclusive design, design-for-
all, or human-centered design). Certainly, UD embraces the social model of disability. In this same
PowerPoint, you saw positive and negative examples of each of the seven principles of universal design.
10. For the Module 12 Thread 1, please select one of the seven universal design principles, and post
photographs that show both a positive and a negative example of the principle. Then address the
following question: How do your examples empower or disempower various people? Describe the
specific features of the positive example and the specific features of the negative example. Discuss ways
that the positive example could be even further improved.
Week 12 Thread 2 Our 2017 Design-A-Baby survey yielded the following characteristics as
indicated by a majority of you: Sex: Male (47%)Hair Color: Dark Brown (22%) Hair Texture: Wavy (33%)
Eye Color: Blue (26%) Race: Caucasian (36%) Height: 5’-10” to 6’-1” (45%) IQ: 131-140 (20%)Memory:
Excellent (43%) Athletic Ability: Excellent (43%) Weight: Average (79%) Disease Carrier: None (85%)
Beauty: Somewhat attractive (46%)Empathy: Very empathetic (38%) Creativity: Very creative (37%)
Sounds like an all-around lovely person! Currently, we have the technology for you to choose many of
the survey characteristics in your future child, and this ability to choose poses some ethical questions. Of
course, we all want the best for our own child. However, as we move into a more collective situation, we
need to consider how the consequences of majority choices for children might change who we are as a
species. In the film trailer FIXED, you were introduced to the dilemma of living in a culture in which the
“science-fiction of human enhancement” has become almost a way of life, from prenatal genetic
screening to bionic body parts. In the video, “A Man with Three Ears” you are introduced to an artist
who is using current technology to move humans beyond their current abilities. Last week, Juan
Enriquez asked us if it is ethical to evolve the human body. All of these videos suggest that the concept
of disability ‘as we know it’ could cease to exist in the future. This leads us to this week’s discussion
question: What lessons do you think we should learn from history when thinking about emerging
enhancement technologies and reproductive technologies? What are some of the possible
consequences (both positive and negative) of being able to design our bodies and the bodies of our
children? What ethical quandaries do these technologies pose?
11. Week 13 Thread 1 The state of Massachusetts tried to ban the 1967 documentary Titicut Follies,
arguing that director Frederick Wiseman had violated the patients’ rights by not getting written
permission to film them. The case went to court, and Wiseman argued that he had consent from their
legal guardian, the institution. After a judge ruled in favor of the state, the legal appeals carried on for
several years: in 1969, Massachusetts allowed the film to be shown to doctors, lawyers, and health care
professionals; in 1991, a superior court judge ruled it could be released for the “general public,” as
privacy concerns were no longer at issue, so many years later. Should Wiseman have been allowed to
film the residents of Bridgewater Massachusetts Correctional Facility? Why or why not? How might this
film be of value to designers (communication designers, product, designers, architects, interior
designers, planners, landscape designers, systems designers, and/or social designers)? In other words,
what might they gain from this film that they could use in their work?
Week 13 Thread 2 Prelude: Wolf Wolfensberger's seminal work "The Origin and Nature of Our
Institutional Models" posited that society characterizes people with intellectual disabilities as sub-
human and burdens of charity, He argued that this dehumanization, and the segregated institutions that
result from it, ignored the potential productive contributions that all people can make to society. He
pushed for a shift in policy and practice that recognized the human needs of those with intellectual
challenges and provided the same basic human rights as for the rest of the population. The Scenario:
Imagine that you and your four children live in Amherst, New York in a $650,000 home at the end of a
cul-de-sac on the edge of a ten acre woods. The town has purchased a one acre lot three houses away
from yours, and plans to build a group home for ten intellectually challenged adults. As a resident of the
neighborhood, would you support or oppose this proposal and why? You've learned additional
information about the residents of the proposed group home in your neighborhood. In 2013, three of
the ten intended residents exhibited challenging behaviors including screaming, public masturbation,
repetitive rocking, and echolalia (elective incontinence). However, these behaviors have not occurred
12. since then. How would this change your opinion about the construction of the group home in your
neighborhood? The residents in your neighborhood voted (14-3) to reject the town of Amherst’s
proposal to build a group home in the neighborhood. Town officials agreed that the home would not be
built in your neighborhood if you and your neighbors could develop a workable alternative. What are
some possible solutions that would allow the residents of the home to be provided with “the same basic
human rights as the rest of the population”?
Week 14 Thread 1 In his article, David Engwicht discusses the fact that religions (of all types)
have played major roles in the development of our cities. Today, places of worship are primary
components of almost all urban centers. Author Lorne Daniel writes “From their often active role in
supporting people who live in city centers to their iconic influence on design and use of space, religious
structures tell us a lot about our history, our current needs, and where we might be headed in the
future. This is an aspect of our urban future that planners and urbanists should attend to.” Identify a
place of worship with which you are somewhat familiar. (If you are not familiar with any places of
worship, do a bit of research on one in your own city or town.) Show a photograph of this religious
structure. (You may use photographs from the web.) What roles has this place served in the
development of your city/town? How has it influenced the design of the area around it? How has its role
changed over time? What roles could this place of worship play in the future development of your
city/town?
Week 14 Thread 2 Consider the quote in your syllabus from educator Michael J. Shannon:
“Design, as vision in action--the intersection of understanding and creation--is a universal human
capability that can play a fundamental role in social evolution, in the process that transforms resources,
energy, and information to make our world.” At the beginning of this course, we discussed the idea that
we are all designers regardless of our profession or field of study. We’ve asked some big questions along
the way, and the conclusion section of our textbook raises additional issues that require input from
13. people who might not consider themselves to be part of the formalized design professions. Think about
your own major and/or future profession. What is the biggest challenge, problem, or question that your
field needs to tackle right now? What do you plan to do to address this challenge, problem, or question
either as part of your studies or professional life?
This is me on the Arc class
University at Buffalo. South campus. Jiacheng Liu. May 17, 2017
14. My name is Jiacheng Liu and I am second year undergraduate student in University at Buffalo. I
came from New York City and my major is accounting in the University at Buffalo. I came to
UB because I love winter and UB has good program in accounting major. I have learn a lot of
design on the arc 211 class this year. D+D have influenced my writing skill and my thinking skill
because my first language is Chinese. Also, the D+D influenced me how to use the technologies
to design the new world. I have learn how to use the technologies to design something.
Technologies is very important to us in the future because it’s affect our dairy life. In the
beginning for taking this class I did not except this class or D+D can affect me because I do not
like design. But after I took this class, I have to learn how to use design to view the world. For
example, the D+D help me to understand how to use the design to solve the problem for the
transsexuals. And the class help me how to see the different of religion. However, the class help
me see the world for different side. The class has affect to become a romanticism because the
design can bring up your emotion. I enjoy to taking this class in this year.
The following pages document my responses to the online discussion questions in the spring
2017 version of ARC 211 American Diversity and Design at the University at Buffalo State
University of New York
Week 1 question: On “What is design?” from Hello World: Where Design Meets Life by Alice Rawsthron
The author opened her chapter with the example of Ying Zheng, the ruler of the Qin empire, one of the
most powerful and enduring empires I the history of China. She explained how design innovation
contributed to Ying Zheng’s success. For example, in the development of weaponry, he resolved many
problems by standardizing parts, and this single innovation gave his armies great advantage over other
armies.
For this discussion, let’s move away from 246 B.C. China, and into the U.S. Describe an innovation or
invention (can be current or historical) that gave advantage to a group of people in the U.S. or to the
population as a whole. What were the social impacts of this innovation? Were any groups negatively
impacted by this innovation? For example, the telegraph, developed and patented in the United States in
1837 by Samuel Morse, permitted people and commerce to transmit messages across both continents and
oceans almost instantly, with widespread social and economic impacts. This heightened communication
15. speed allowed business persons to make decisions with up-to-date information, often resulting in big
profits. Those without access had to rely on out-dated information, which put them at a disadvantage.
Response
The most important invention that influenced the U.S and to the world is cell phone. Cell phone make the
easily and quickly connection with people in different place. Without the cell phone, people cannot get
connection from different place and they cannot talk to each other. I think cell phone helps U.S to better
and make the world better.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahU
KEwihrLXHmtXTAhWL54MKHXKtAo8QjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.myrateplan.com%2Flongdist
ance%2Fcompare.php&psig=AFQjCNEsFiW2SOQX3g22wwneuhzmse-3gw&ust=1493951868920933
Week 1question 2: On “Introduction” from Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden
Consequences
The editors state that “diverse participation in the design process, from both professionals and
public citizens alike, yields more equitable results.” This makes sense, but typically has not been
the case. Nonetheless, many marginalized groups have impacted design in ways that have
changed our visual and physical worlds as well as our systems, policies, and institutions. For
example, in the 1960s, disability rights advocates designed media events to raise awareness
about barriers in the physical environment. They persisted with their efforts for decades, and,
finally, in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. It mandated accessibility in
public accommodations such as restaurants and stores, public transportation, communication,
and other areas of public life. This dramatically changed our physical environment (from curb
cuts to ramps to automatic doors) and the results made public life more equitable.
16. Now it’s your turn. Describe a design that was impacted by a diversity group. How and why did
it change form and/or circumstances? (Note that a design can be anything requiring planning and
development prior to the production of an action, system, visual, material object, or environment.
Also, keep in mind that, for our purposes, a diversity group is a group of individuals who are
underrepresented in society in some way—children, older adults, the economically
disadvantaged, those with cognitive disabilities, etc.)
Response
I think car washing machine is great machine in the world because it can easily wash your car in
10 minutes. The machines can save your time and do not need more worker. People can easily
drive your car in the machines without get out the car and get your car clean.
http://www.ecojetsystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Soap-Application.jpg
Week 2 question 1: Thread 1: Response to Media/Society Chapter and TED Talk on Photographs
Collapse
Thread 1: FROM: Chapter in Media/Society and TED Talk Photos that Changed the World
Where would you place the images shown in Photos That Changed the World into Croteau and
Hoynes' diagram entitled “Model of Media and the Social World”? Identify a mass media
photograph taken in your own lifetime that has served as an icon of an event. (Feel free to add an
attachment.) What roles does this photo play in the communication of the event.
Response
I will never forget the images of photos is from 9/11 events. The photos is taken when terrorist attack the
World Trade Center from New York City. This photos show the airplane hit the building and make the
17. building explosion. Many people die in this day because the terrorist attack. We can also see people jump
out the building because the building going explosion. This photograph taken from my lifetime that can
iconic is we will never forget that day people go to work and cannot never come back home again. This
photos also iconic all the Americans are stay up and against the terrorist.
https://i.ytimg.com/vi/BXFLBj5y2A0/maxresdefault.jpg
Week 2 question 2 Thread 2: Response to Articles on Hats as Communication Design
Collapse
Thread 2: FROM: “Fashioning Protest for the Women’s March on Washington” and “The
Worst Design of 2016 Was Also the Most Effective”
NOTE: Use the first three part of the SEE-IT method of critical thinking (State, Elaborate,
Exemplify) to address the following questions:
Typically, we do not think of hats as elements of mass media or social media. However, the two
hats (red and pink) discussed in the articles certainly have taken on that role. Why are the two
hats (red and pink) mentioned in the articles vehicles of communication design? What meanings
18. do each of the two hats carry? In terms of communication design, how are they similar? And
how are they different from one another?
Response
The red hat is representative NO, and the pink hat is representative"Make the Americans great
again." The red hat and pink hat are born in 1960s, its representative the women movement in the
U.S history. But in this case, the red is representative the people who against to president Trump.
In the other side, pink hat is representative the people who support to president Trump. The red
said Trump can not make the American to better and say NO to president Trump. But the pink
hat say president Trump can make the American great again. Although they have different
meaning, but red hat and pink have to relate to each other as the women movement from 1960s.
https://images-na.ssl-images-
amazon.com/images/I/91ZFElyNvWL._AC_UL320_SR286,320_.jpg
Week 3 question 1 Thread 1: Response to “Industrial Design” by John Heskett and "The
Incredible Inventions of Intuitive AI" by Maurice Conti
Collapse
In his chapter on industrial design (written in 1987), historian John Heskett claims that the
methods of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in the U.S. involved new concepts of the
standardization and integration of the production line that were adopted across the world. With
Ford’s method, work could be completed by relatively unskilled workers; it was more efficient
and with this method, products were made more quickly and cheaply than previously
possible. What were some of the social consequences of Ford’s production line? In other words,
how did this system change our U.S. society? Do any of those changes remain with us
19. today? Now consider Maurice Conti’s TED Talk, and the predictions he makes about
production. How do you think manufacturing processes will change in the next twenty years?
How do you think these changes will affect our U.S. society?
Response
The Ford's productions was invention in a century ago. The Ford's productions was great
invention in the world because it's bigger change of the production and worker in the future.
Ford's productions basically mean bring more people work in the factor and have the higher
quality of the production. The Ford's system has impact or change to U.S society because it led
to lower costs and higher quality. Ford's system led the U.S economy growing fast because the
factor hiring more worker. People who has lower skill can also do this job because they only
teach them simple step. Once more people have job, people can spent money on what they want
to buy. The U.S economy will go up. These changes still remain today because worker who have
less skill still can work on the factory. I think manufacturing processes will change in the next
twenty years in U.S society because when the technology is continuing advance, so the worker
who from factory has less skill will kick out the factory. Once technology become more
significant, so meaning the machine is no more easily to handle and control, less skill worker
will kick out from the factory. Also, I think in 20 years later, the machine can replace the human,
that mean factory only need people who has higher education to who can control the machine
will working in the factory, not the worker have the less skill. Therefore, U.S economy will go
down because the productivity will go down too.
https://www.business-improvement.eu/lean/Ford_assembly_1913.jpg
20. Week 3 question 2 Thread 2: Response IDEA Awards and Cradle-to-Cradle Video
Collapse
NOTE: Use the first three part of the SEE-IT method of critical thinking (State, Elaborate,
Exemplify) to address the following questions:
Which of the 2016 IDEA Gold Award products seems to defy the Cradle-to-Cradle concept
developed by architect William McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael Braungart? How does this
product resist or disregard the concept? Provide an example of any products that
embrace Cradle-to-Cradle design, please describe and cite.
Response
The "Zebra Technologies product" is the 2016 IDEA gold Award products seem to defy the
Cradle-to-Cradles concept developed by architect McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael
Braungart. The Zebra Technologies product is increasing worker quality. Many factory are using
Zebra Technologies products now because can productivity by an average and easily to print.
Zebra Technologies is disregard to Cradle-to-Cradles by use less labor and increase productivity.
One example of products that embrace Cradle-to-Cradle design is Sun power Solar Panels. The
Sun power Solar Panels can receive the energy from sun and turn into light. This product can
save electricity. Also, this product can use in the car and turn into gas. It's can save the many
21. materials and save the environment.
https://us.sunpower.com/sites/sunpower/files/styles/helix_carousel/public/sunpower-helix-carousel-
1v_0.jpg?itok=Li-2hoCB
22. Week 4 question 1 : Collapse
Your readings and viewings this week present different ways of thinking about architecture. Mies Van
der Rohe describes architecture as “The will of the epoch translated into space.” Andrew Ballantyne
describes architecture as the background for life. Jeanne Gang describes it as the act of building
relationships. All agree that architecture can change based on context and culture. Choose two works of
architecture from any of your materials this week—one with sensibilities about the past and one with
sensibilities about the present and/or future. How do each of these buildings either reflect or challenge
their cultural contexts? (Use the SEE-IT method to respond to this question.)
Response
One building that holds past sensibilities with its significance to its period of time is the Virginia
State Capital. The Virginia State Capital was the first building in colonial America to sway away
from the British architecture design and instead implemented a Greek/Roman design. Jefferson
implemented this design because he was inspired by the system of freedom and equality
presented from the ancient Greek and Romans. The building was designed with pillars and
shaped like a temple to represent its significances. A building that contains present sensibilities
would be the Vanna Venturi House. This house was designed and redesigned numerous times
each time changing or incorporating something new. Robert Venturi strayed away from the
common modernist’s approach of an abstract box and created a large unsymmetrical building.
This building was what led to the end of the modernism era and into the post modernism era.
http://cdn.phillymag.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/120013352875-021.jpg
23. Week 4 question 2: Andrew Ballantyne and Peter Zumthor present ideas about architecture that
seem to value the sensorial and material elements of life. How are Ballantyne’s and Zumthor’s
viewpoints on architecture alike? More importantly, how do they differ? (Use the SEE-IT
method to respond to this question.)
Response
Andrew Ballantyne claims that the design of a building must exert its functionality to its
audience so it become clear and vivid. On the other hand, Peter Zumthor claims that the design
of a building must connect with the viewers in a sensible way. The entirety of the building must
hold a sentimental value of some sort. Both of these architectures explains that there cannot be a
building with no purpose. A building's design must be meaningful whether it’s for mainly its
functionality which Andrew Ballantyne claims is most significant or for its aesthetic values as
Zumthor claimed. Both buildings must connect and build relationships with its inhabitants and
by implementing both aesthetics and functionality a great design is built.
http://images.adsttc.com/media/images/51af/776e/b3fc/4b22/5b00/0149/large_jpg/Screen_Shot_201
3-06-05_at_10.34.42_AM.jpg?1370453867
24. Week 5 question 1: John Levy’s article, “An Overview: The Need for Planning,” discussed ways
in which planning can determine the characteristics of a place. For example, some smaller towns
restrict the heights of buildings to maintain a certain scale. How did planning define the
character of the place in which you grew up?
Response
I come from a very rural area in Guangzhao, China in a very close and small community. The
farmland extends for miles and many of the members of this community have known each other
for generations. The vast amounts of land and open area allows the families to grow crows and
herd farm animals. Although we are a welcoming community, we are a closed off community
because no one ever moves into or settle in this land. Families have spent decades or even
centuries in this land through multiple generations. There were rarely any local markets and the
closest urban market was several of miles away. The roads had no mobile vehicles such as cars
but people traveled by bicycles or motorcycles. These properties define my hometown as a rural
community.
http://citiscope.org/sites/default/files/styles/story_large/public/shutterstock_205774303.jpg?itok=4933
0XQ0
25. Week 5 question 2 Imagine that you are part of a urban planning and design firm working with Emily
Talen (author of “Design That Enables Diversity”) and Kent Larson (who gave the TED Talk "Brilliant
Designs to Fit More People In Every City" The thee of you have been tasked with developing a plan to
rebuild Pruitt Igoe in St. Louis. City officials told the three of you that that they want to do it right this
time. Identify three strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Igoe in ways that promise to be more successful.
What would Talen do? What would Larson do? What would you do? How would your strategies differ
from those of the original urban planners/designers of the project? Why would your strategies be
more effective?
Response
Strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Ioge would include ending the segregation between the southern
and northern region, creating more available space for the public recreation areas, and open more
area to prevent large traffic from the population. Talen would try to bring diversity into the
community by looking for new residents from other communities. This can be problematic
because the Pruitt Ioge is already over crowd and it’s better to unite the racial population instead
of bring in new ones. Larson would try to create accessible markets that would allow the
community to develop through those interactions. However, recreational areas such as parks and
libraries can attract families of all income classes because they are public and open areas.
Creation of walkways and streets will allow the residents to interact and move around the
neighborhood https://nextstl.com/wp-
content/uploads/8338674018_da6b664a83_o.jp
26. Week 6 question 1: Displaying his plan at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in
Philadelphia, Frederick Law Olmsted stated that "Buffalo is the best planned city, as to its
streets, public places, and grounds, in the United States, if not in the world." What was the basis
for this claim? Would Olmsted still make that claim today? Why or why not?
Response
Frederick Law Olmsted once claimed that Buffalo is the best planned city in the United States.
Olmsted supported his claim by integrating the first multiple parks system into the city of
buffalo. Every park are different, but it can connected together through the parkways. Olmsted's
system help people who live in buffalo can very easily move to another park because they all
connected together even they had different park, Those connected park are look like filled with
natural life. Also, those park making it look like the entire city of buffalo is a large park. Today,
Olmsted will support his claim because many features he incorporated into this park system was
remain.
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/4a/a3/17/4aa317dcbb7d0bee1f7c13a82f0dc205.jpg
27. Week 6 question 2: Identify something that should be memorialized either on UB's campus or in your
hometown. Imagine that you are the person who will oversee this project, and that you are using Walter
Hood's 'triad of investigations' as your approach to the project. What would your landscape
intervention commemorate/memorialize? How will you use Hood's 'triad of investigations' to design a
new landscape intervention? What do you imagine that the design will be? (Either written or visual
descriptions are acceptable).
Response
I am grew up in Guangdong,China. The city is near to ocean, and my hometown is near to the
lake. The lake isn't used because it it often too cold to swim in my hometown. The winter is so
cold like buffalo weather. So we call this lake"Ice lake." because it's change to ice when winter
come. There should be walkways around the lake allowing the people to interact and use the
lake. Also, there are many shops near to the lake like playground, mall, and restaurant for people.
Many people will go to ice lake when summer is coming. The government can employ many
employee and Security to make sure people is safe when they have fun in ice lake, The lake can
be a main place for the Guangdong.
http://media.gettyimages.com/photos/ice-skating-show-on-frozen-sun-island-lake-international-sun-
island-picture-id141839075?s=612x612
28. Week 7 question 1: The abolitionist poster, the Brookes, is an iconic image that often is included in
exhibits that explore issues of race and power. It was commissioned by Thomas Clarkson in 1788, and
the Committee of the Abolition of Slavery used it to inform and shock the public. While some consider
the poster as an important component of the abolitionist campaign, it recently “has been strongly
criticized by some individuals and groups of African heritage as providing a very limited view of the
history of the transatlantic slave trade, resistance and abolition (Hudson 2007).” The lesson here is that
how a viewer sees an image is dependent upon his/her social, economic, and cultural position. Keeping
this in mind, find another iconic graphic that addresses racial issues and post it for others in your group
to view. (Add it to your response by clicking on the picture in the tools section. Do not add it as an
attachment that needs to be opened.) How do you interpret the graphic? What is its meaning? Now
imagine that someone from a racial and cultural background different than your own is looking at the
same graphic. Briefly describe this person. How might s/he interpret its meaning? How might this differ
from your interpretation? What are the possible reasons for these differences? (Consider the three
assessment principles mentioned in the article to help you: a technology of vision, an instrument of
empathy, and a symbol of control.) (NOTE: Limit your response to less than 250 words.)
Response
The graphic image above is a classic representation of racial profiling. The immediate judgement
of an individual or group of people solely based on their ethnicity or background. Racial
profiling can be based on many racial factors such as discrimination, sterotypes, or fear. The
graphic image shows the polices' or it represents most law enforcements' prejudice
discrimination against the African American male. A person from a society that fears different
races might oppose the idea that racial discrimination is a crime because the society around
him/her might enable or promote racism. Because this person have never had a positive
interaction with a different racial group, he/her might develop a negative perspective on them.
https://media4.s-
nbcnews.com/j/newscms/2016_39/1727381/160928-baltimore-police-freddie-gray-
927a_b37b5dcc410c2a1c6e9e97a2f7859719.nbcnews-fp-1200-800.jpg
29. Week 7 question 2 Critique either the MLK Memorial or the National Museum of African American
History and Culture using equityXdesign’s core beliefs and/or design principles. (Use the beliefs or
principles that are most relevant to your critique rather than all of them.) (NOTE: Limit your response to
less than 250 words.)
Response
The MLK Memorial applied equityXdesign's core beliefs of recognize and inclusion through its
historical contexts. The MLK Memorial celebrates one of the most revered and important figures
in the civil rights movements. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr recognized the social injustice that
racial segregation presented and took actions to protest against the dilemma. Unlike other
revolutions, this civil rights movement was based on the practice of Civil disobedience and non-
violence. This practice and the results of the civil rights movement greatly affect today's society.
Many protesters are non-violent in their campaigns and racial discrimination is not tolerant by
the public.
http://images.csmonitor.com/csmarchives/2011/10/1016-China-KING-
MEMORIAL.jpg?alias=standard_600x400
30. Week 9 question 1: In their chapter “Communicating Gender,” Maya Ganesh and Gabi Sobliye
discuss two primary visual advocacy approaches: 1) get the idea, and 2) stories in data. Find a
new example of either of the two visual advocacy approaches to gender issues, and post it in this
thread. Cite the source.
First, identify the approach. Then explain how the designer uses the approach to
communicate a gender issue. Is the approach effective in this example? Why or why not?
How could this graphic be improved? (Limit your response to 200 words.)
Response
This article provides information about the issue of gender inequality in India. The article
discusses the actions taken by a gender equality group in India to prevent the mistreatment of
women by men. The article uses the "get it" approach by showing vivid imagery of Indian
women pretesting and fighting for equal right. This gender equality group in India believe it is
vital for male children to learn to respect women in a young age to prevent them from
discriminating and inflicting violence on women in the future, Designs that can be implemented
to this protect can be explicit imagery of domestic violence in Indian households that can vividly
depict the severity of the issue to the public
http://borgenproject.org/wp-
content/uploads/india_gender_justice_equality_women_equal_asia_human_rights_international_aid_o
pt.jpg
31. Week 9 question 2: Last year, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law a bill that repealed
local LGBT anti-discrimination laws, and required people to use the bathroom that corresponded with
the biological gender written on their birth certificates. This prompted massive backlash. McCrory
stated, “You know, we all have to make adjustments in life. And we’ve had the proper etiquette
situation for decades in our country, and all of a sudden through political correctness we’re throwing
away basic etiquette.” Just this past Thursday, the North Carolina General Assembly passed a bill to
repeal the law while placing a moratorium on nondiscrimination measures.
Should people be required to use the bathroom that corresponds with the biological gender written
on their birth certificate? State why AND state why not. In other words, to receive full credit for this
question, you need to present an argument for both sides of the issue. As a designer, how would you
solve this gender dilemma? Use the SEE-IT method to respond to this question. (Limit your response to
less than 250 words.)
(Other students in your group can comment on which of your two arguments is the most convincing and
why.)
Response
A person should only be able to enter the bathroom that corresponds with his or her biological
gender because the bathroom serves as a symbol pf separation between the genders. The
bathroom is where men and women get their moments of solitude away from their positive
genders. A man or a women should not be able to intrude in their opposite bathrooms because it
will violate this solitude. One might argue that allowing people to enter the bathrooms that do
not correspond with their biological gender because it is harmless and it allow our society to
accept transgender individuals.
http://www.corpcounsel.com/image/EM/CC/all-gender-bathroom-Article-201605032011.jpg
32. Week 10 question 1: Author Steven Flusty categorized five types of disciplinary architecture that
perpetuate what he calls urban spatial injustice: 1) stealthy, 2) slippery, 3) crusty, 4) prickly, and
5) jittery. Go out into the city of Buffalo, and find/photograph two examples from the list of five.
Identify what type of space you’ve photographed and why it might discriminate against a
specific population. Identify the location where you took the photograph, and make certain that
you are in at least one of the two photographs.
Response
I went to the niggara falls many time with my friends. The niggara falls is the most famous falls
in the U.S. I always go there when I feel sad because the nature and niggara falls can bring me
up. I love to go there to see the sunrise because it beautiful and you will feel relax in the niggra
falls.
http://www.niagarafallslive.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/american-falls-1.jpg
33. Week 10 question 2: After almost two decades of public assistance, Tammy Crabtree took
herself and her family off the welfare rolls. But her job cleaning bathrooms at a local Burger
King barely paid the bills. Crabtree wanted to do better and hopes to go to college and become a
teacher.
Imagine this scenario. You are a designer who works at the well-known firm, iPD (Integrated
Planning and Design). You work on a team with planners, urban designers, policy designers,
architects, and social designers. You have been tasked to develop/design a way for Tammy
Crabtree and her family (and others with situations similar to Tammy’s) to move themselves out
of poverty. What will your team to do to help Tammy and her family achieve their goals? What
approach will your team take to address this difficult problem?
Response
My team would will help her to find the new job. The new job can help her family about live and
food. Also, I will find the home to her and help her get into the college. Once she get into the
college, she will get life because she can make money and get education.
http://p2cdn4static.sharpschool.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server_901573/Image/Our_Schools/The_
Vanguard_School/College%20Counseling/CollegeCounseling.jpg
34. Week 11 question 1: The development of Regent Park is phased, and there are several more
phases to the project. What actions could be taken to ensure more social integration for the older
people living in the ‘new and improved’ Regent Park?
Response
The segregation in the Regent Park community discriminates against the elderly residents. The
elderly residents are victims of poor living conditions and overcrowding. One action that be
taken to help improve the living conditions for these elderly residents is creating a new care
center with a large open area in which they can interact and be taken care of in case of
emergencies
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-
d9V_h2EEdXQ/UxbdPQTV47I/AAAAAAAAAJE/JjJoBpnLGOo/s1600/2014_03_05_18_12_27_web_BeralaP
rotest-9.jpg
35. Week 11 question 2: For this question, we will focus on Juan Enriquez’ Life Two civilization, which alters
fundamental aspects of the body. We are living longer than ever before in human history. Enriquez
argues that, because of advances in bio-medical technology, the possibility of living to 120 years of age
and beyond is quite possible for many of us in this D+D class. Assuming that his assertion is accurate,
how do you think extended life spans will change our societies and built environments? What new
issues might designers face because of extended life spans?
Response
One problem that can occur with the rise in life expectancy is the increase in demands for medical
attention. Elderly patients will require more medical help for age related health problems thus requiring
more doctors and hospitals. However, a career in the medical field is very strenuous which will cause
people to not want to pursue this career. In addition with the extensive work required, mistakes are
costly and lawsuits can ruin their career. Building new hospitals is expensive and requires a large
amount of land.
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iot-160506193657/95/internet-of-things-its-applications-future-and-
problems-36-638.jpg?cb=1462563632
36. Week 13 thread 1 question: The state of Massachusetts tried to ban the 1967 documentary Titicut
Follies, arguing that director Frederick Wiseman had violated the patients’ rights by not getting
written permission to film them. The case went to court, and Wiseman argued that he had
consent from their legal guardian, the institution. After a judge ruled in favor of the state, the
legal appeals carried on for several years: in 1969, Massachusetts allowed the film to be shown
to doctors, lawyers, and health care professionals; in 1991, a superior court judge ruled it could
be released for the “general public,” as privacy concerns were no longer at issue, so many years
later.
Should Wiseman have been allowed to film the residents of Bridgewater Massachusetts
Correctional Facility? Why or why not? How might this film be of value to designers
(communication designers, product, designers, architects, interior designers, planners, landscape
designers, systems designers, and/or social designers)? In other words, what might they gain
from this film that they could use in their work?
Response
I think Wiseman should have been able to film the residents at Bridgewater Massachusetts
Correctional Facility. This is so because it allows public to understand more about psychosis and
psycho, and it facilitated the evolution of many different laws, medical science, and institutions
and facilities built and designs. On the other hand, this film restricted this mental hospital at that
time, and stopped doctors or nurses maltreated patients. Through this film, designers can learn
that how to design in order to better help patients who were cured, and better cooperate with the
doctor's treatment. Land scape designers can use the green areas in the hospital, and planning, it
more suitable for psychiatric patients for recreation places but not the same as general hospital.
In addition, according to the film, architects and interior designers can also redesign the room for
37. the patients who are aggressive, in ensuring the safety of others, at the same time can ensure their
own security and ensure that their treatments will work. Designers can also design unique
products to prevent a patient with self-destructive tendencies to harm themselves, so that it can
be ensure the safety of their own when no one is taking care of them.
http://www.manniksmithgroup.com/imager/assets/img/projects/693/ProMedica-Hospital-Site-
Plan_Toledo-overlay_248ed78b6649d6cda0fcadc1ac9bc23e.jpg
38. Week 13 thread 2 question: Prelude: Wolf Wolfensberger's seminal work "The Origin and Nature of Our
Institutional Models" posited that society characterizes people with intellectual disabilities as sub-
human and burdens of charity, He argued that this dehumanization, and the segregated institutions that
result from it, ignored the potential productive contributions that all people can make to society. He
pushed for a shift in policy and practice that recognized the human needs of those with intellectual
challenges and provided the same basic human rights as for the rest of the population.
The Scenario: Imagine that you and your four children live in Amherst, New York in a $650,000 home at
the end of a cul-de-sac on the edge of a ten acre woods. The town has purchased a one acre lot three
houses away from yours, and plans to build a group home for ten intellectually challenged adults.
As a resident of the neighborhood, would you support or oppose this proposal and why?
You've learned additional information about the residents of the proposed group home in your
neighborhood. In 2013, three of the ten intended residents exhibited challenging behaviors including
screaming, public masturbation, repetitive rocking, and echolalia (elective incontinence). However,
these behaviors have not occurred since then.
How would this change your opinion about the construction of the group home in your neighborhood?
The residents in your neighborhood voted (14-3) to reject the town of Amherst’s proposal to build a
group home in the neighborhood. Town officials agreed that the home would not be built in your
neighborhood if you and your neighbors could develop a workable alternative.
What are some possible solutions that would allow the residents of the home to be provided with “the
same basic human rights as the rest of the population”?
Response
39. Question 1: As the residents of this community I will against the proposal of group construction.
Although there is no direct damage, but I see a potential problem in the future. Nearby home will not be
my house an opportunity of added value. For those who are seeking to buy a house, it won't be a
tempting factor. So my home will lose its value. In the worst case is that no one is willing to invest my
house. My family and I will be the only family who live in that area. So as a residents of the area I will
certainly not support construction. Although I understand the need to create such a space.
Question 2: This will further my decision to against the proposal of group construction. This is mainly
because the interests of my family (especially children). I don't want my children to grow up the
environment is complex, and exposure to scream or public masturbation behavior. Assuming that my
kids are young, let them grow up in this environment of the home will be a very harmful idea. Although
there is not a problem mentioned activities, it does not guarantee that it won't happen again. I don't
want to protect my child or away from the area, but let them have the freedom to enjoy the space of
existence (10 acres).
Question 3: A better plan that allow all residents of the group home to have “the same basic human
rights as the rest of the population” would be brought into the public. Do not establishing the group
home hide in the woods. Instead, make it show in the public. Let the group home exist like banks,
schools, hospitals that others can supervise.
41. Week 14 thread 1 question: In his article, David Engwicht discusses the fact that religions (of all types)
have played major roles in the development of our cities. Today, places of worship are primary
components of almost all urban centers. Author Lorne Daniel writes “From their often active role in
supporting people who live in city centers to their iconic influence on design and use of space, religious
structures tell us a lot about our history, our current needs, and where we might be headed in the
future. This is an aspect of our urban future that planners and urbanists should attend to.”
Identify a place of worship with which you are somewhat familiar. (If you are not familiar with any
places of worship, do a bit of research on one in your own city or town.) Show a photograph of this
religious structure. (You may use photographs from the web.) What roles has this place served in the
development of your city/town? How has it influenced the design of the area around it? How has its role
changed over time? What roles could this place of worship play in the future development of your
city/town?
Response
The Yonghe Temple is a place of worship that I had once attended. It is a monastery Tib
etan Buddhist students located in Beijing, China. This temple serves as a popular school and to
urist attraction for the city of Beijing. The practice of Buddhism greatly influence the architecture
and design of the area. The community have nonviolent and peaceful members under the influe
nce of Buddhism. This place of worship can play a role in expanding the religion of Buddhism by
42. showing it beauty to global tourists.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Gfp-china-beijing-worshipping-at-lama-
temple.jpg/300px-Gfp-china-beijing-worshipping-at-lama-temple.jpg
43. Week 14 thread 2 question: Consider the quote in your syllabus from educator Michael J. Shannon:
“Design, as vision in action--the intersection of understanding and creation--is a universal human
capability that can play a fundamental role in social evolution, in the process that transforms resources,
energy, and information to make our world.”
At the beginning of this course, we discussed the idea that we are all designers regardless of our
profession or field of study. We’ve asked some big questions along the way, and the conclusion section
of our textbook raises additional issues that require input from people who might not consider
themselves to be part of the formalized design professions.
Think about your own major and/or future profession. What is the biggest challenge, problem, or
question that your field needs to tackle right now? What do you plan to do to address this challenge,
problem, or question either as part of your studies or professional life?
Response
My future profession as a banker might be compromised by strict rules implemented by my
future companies. As a banker the education requirement is already difficult enough but
they are willing to commit deep background checks. For example, if I were affiliated with a
gang in when I was younger but I had met all the requirements for the job, I might not be
accepted because of my previous actions. In order to solve this issue, these background
checks must be less strict and pardon any minor or insignificant past events
