TOPIC
CHANGES AND CHALLENGES
OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
Information technology (IT)
It is the application of computers and telecommunications
equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate
data,[1] often in the context of a business or other
enterprise.[2] The term is commonly used as a synonym for
computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses
other information distribution technologies such as television
and telephones. Several industries are associated with
information technology, including computer
hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors,internet, tele
com equipment, e-commerce and computer services.

CHANGES
1. Technological
changes
2. Economical Changes
3. Political Changes
4. Social changes
5. Academic
perspective
6. Commercial and
employment
perspective.

Changing Societies
• Impacts of the acceleration and magnitude of global
technological changes on the economy, society and
government – Are we moving towards an open
knowledge society?
• Global technological changes continue to impact
national and international economies.The emerging
technologies reshape public institutions
• social media be an enabling tool for enhanced
engagement within the policy development process
• What will be the opportunities (e.g. broader in-take
of ideas, enhanced buy-in towards polices, improved
service design and delivery) and challenges (e.g.
access barriers (linguistic, cultural or health-related),
possible emergence of the “e-marginalized”) within
an open governance society?

Economic Changes
• The convergence of industries and technology – What
will this mean for society and the economy?
• What does the convergence of industries and technology
mean for creative and other industries
• Can economic contributors be encouraged if products
and services are available for free. Where will people
obtain their income.
• the Information Technology Association of America has
defined information technology as "the study, design,
development, application, implementation, support or
management of computer-based information
systems".[39] The responsibilities of those working in the
field include network administration, software
development and installation, and the planning and
management of an organization's technology life cycle, by
which hardware and software are maintained, upgraded
and replaced ators; tracking trends; accessing data as
rapid changes are occurring; understanding shifting value
chain networks; monitoring consumption patterns,
especially of younger generations and impacts vis-à-vis
demographic shifts; and strategies for remuneration?

Changing technologies
• The convergence of life sciences,
neurosciences and technology – What does
this mean for society and our institutions?
• What will be the legal, moral, social and
political questions that arise as the study of
living things, including human beings,
increases in complexity?
• What impacts will advances in bio-, nano-and
cognitive technologies have on human
society in social, economic, environment
and health domains?
• How will we delineate the role of life
science technologies in society?
• What are/will be the new and emerging
national and international paradigms in bio-product
development and
commercialization toward improved health
and environmental solutions.

Academic perspective
In an academic context, the Association
for Computing Machinery defines IT
as "undergraduate degree programs
that prepare students to meet the
computer technology needs of
business, government, healthcare,
schools, and other kinds of
organizations .... IT specialists assume
responsibility for selecting hardware
and software products appropriate
for an organization, integrating those
products with organizational needs
and infrastructure, and installing,
customizing, and maintaining those
applications for the organization’s
computer users."

Commercial and employment
perspective
.

CHALLENGES OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
1. Globalization
2. Excess Workload
3. Talent challenge
4. Change
5. Cultural Differences
6. Outsourcing and Off
Shoring

Globalization
Virtually every company today must
compete globally. Markets are opening
up all around the globe. We like to see
the benefits of a global economy as it
provides a wider customer base and the
potential for greater profits, but we must
also deal with the reality of increased
competition as well. We can’t have one
without accepting the other.

Excess Workload
Customers are becoming
more demanding,
especially as we see a
growth in competition.
Moreover, these
increased expectations
are coupled with the
reality of lower IT
budgets. Providing more
service for less money
will be a reality we’ll all
have to deal with.

Talent challenge
I see this as both a challenge and an
opportunity. (Actually, all challenges
are only opportunities in disguise,
aren’t they?) Demand for science and
IT professionals is growing at a 5%
annual rate, while those deciding to
earn Computer Science related degrees
is in a downward trend. Fewer women
are choosing IT related positions. There
are more specialists and fewer
generalists, while the generalists will
be more in demand. We’ll be
experiencing a greater multi-generational
workforce, seeing a
greater degree of both younger and
older workers in the same fields. All of
these things will challenge both
recruitment and retention, not to
mention the huge numbers of baby-boomers
who will be leaving the
workforce in large numbers.

Outsourcing and Off Shoring
• This seems to be our industry’s four-letter
word – outsourcing. However, not
only is it inevitable, but it’s actually
becoming necessary. It’s a corporate fact
of life in our growing global economy.
Again, using it to our advantage will be
the challenge. And while we usually hear
only about the outsourcing of jobs from
the United States, we rarely hear about
the outsourcing of global jobs into the
United States. The European company,
Airbus, for example, is planning to
“outsource” upwards of 10,000 jobs to
the United States over the next few
years. Outsourcing will definitely become
a wider two-way street in the years to
come. In fact, it’s likely to become a
freeway.

Cultural Differences
• These might be wider than first
imagined when you hear the
words “cultural differences”. Of
course, there are the
differences in nationalities to
which we’ve all become
accustomed. But there will be
greater regional differences as
well – east coast versus west
coast, for example – when a
mobile workforce relocates so it
can follow the opportunities.
Religious differences and age
differences will also play a
greater roll. Making the most of
them, however, and using them
to our advantage will be the
challenge.

Change as a challenge
It’s been said that the only
constant is change. We’ll
be faced with the challenge
of finding that perfect
balance between keeping
up with change and not
changing for its own sake.
Change is inevitable; and
change is good; but the
change must be consistent
with corporate objectives.
Making change work for
you will be the challenge.

REFERENCE
www.dsr.com.
Does it matter Book By Nicholas G. Caar

Thanks to reference………………….
Rajesh kollamcode
Asst. Professor ,Department of Journalism and Science
Communication.MKU
Supriya Rani
IT entrepreuner,Social worker, Calicut
Sangitha Sethumadhavan
Executive, Poorna Info Solutions,Kochi,Kerala
Navdeep Kumar
Student, MCA at MKU
All my techie friends and buddies………………………

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