This document contains questions, diagrams, and explanations about states of matter and changes of state. It discusses physical changes like melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These changes are endothermic or exothermic depending on whether heat is absorbed or released. The document also contains questions about using a phase change diagram to label the different states and changes between those states. It describes using a scientific method approach to analyze experiments demonstrating gas laws.

1. 1.Take out your homework
packet.
2.What questions do you want
us to review?

2. States of Matter
Chapter 2

3. • What happened when we rubbed
the alcohol on our
hands/desks??

4. • What types of things can we do
to change water into ice, steam,
liquid??

5. Changes of State
• Chapter 2; Section 2

6. I. Changes of State
• Physical changes
• Converting from 1 form to
another
• Change the energy of substances

7. • Does ice or liquid water have
more energy? (energy of motion)

8. 1. Temperature
• Measure speed of particles
• Measure of energy (of motion)
• Use a thermometer

9. • Which has a higher
temperature, steam or liquid
water?

10. • Which has a higher energy,
steam or liquid water?

11. • Make a Venn Diagram
comparing liquid and gas with
regards to state of matter,
particle motion, temperature
and energy.
Liquid Gas

12. • Share your Venn Diagram with
your neighbor.
• Talk about all the ideas you know
and can explain about Liquids and
Gases.
• If time remains, talk about solids
too
Liquid Gas

13. 2. Heat
• Transfer energy
• Cause change in temperature

14. 3. Endothermic vs Exothermic
• ENDothermic = absorbs heat/energy
• EXOthermic = releases heat/energy

15. • What is the difference between
endothermic and exothermic
reactions?
• Give 1 example of each process.

16. Changes of State…
Endo or
Exo?
What is
happening?
Special stuff?
Melting
Freezing
Vaporization
Condensation
Sublimation

17. A. Melting
• Endothermic (Motion of molecules
increases)
• Solid to liquid

18. B. Freezing
• Exothermic (Motion decreases)
• Liquid to solid

19. C. Vaporization
• Endothermic (Motion increases)
• Liquid to gas
a. Boiling: throughout the liquid
b. Evaporation: on the surface

20. D. Condensation
• Exothermic (Motion of molecules
decreases)
• Gas to liquid

21. E. Sublimation
• Endothermic (Motion increases)
• Solid to gas

22. Melting vs Freezing
• Same temperature
• Called the melting point

23. • T or F Evaporation can occur
at any temperature.
• T or F Boiling occurs only at
the surface of a liquid.
• T or F Vaporization is simply a
liquid changing to a gas.

24. Vaporization vs
Condensation
• Same temperature
• Called boiling point

25. 1.What is mass?
2.Do you think changes of state affect
mass? Why or why not?

26. 1.What happened to the mass of the
apparatus while it heated?
2.Why did the balloon inflate?
3.What state change occurred?
4.When a liquid turns to a gas, what
happens to its mass? Volume? Density?

27. 1.What is the phase change that
converts liquids to gases?
2.What is the name of the point at
which this change occurs?

28. 1. At your table, share data and
observations from the Hot-Cold lab
with the people you sit with.

29. 1. In the Hot and Cold lab, what state
change occurred with the ice
buckets?
2.What did you do in that experiment
to lower the freezing point of the ice
below 0oC? (you do this all the time in the winter)

30. Heat (thermal energy)
TemperatureºC.
100
0
A
B
C
D
E
solid
liquid
gas
Water Phase Change GraphChanging the state of water graph

31. Heat (thermal energy)
TemperatureºC.
100
0
A
B
C
D
E
solid
liquid
gas

32. Heat (thermal energy)
TemperatureºC.
100
0
A
B
C
D
E
melting
freezing
condensing
boiling

33. Changes of state occur between
B-C and D-E. What happens to
the temperature during the
state changes?

34. Phase Change Diagram

35. Label the five arrows below with
The name of the change of state:
SOLID LIQUID GAS
melting vaporization
sublimation
condensationfreezing

36. 1.What is the difference between
condensation and vaporization?
2.What is similar between
condensation and vaporization?

37. Warm up
1.Take out your Chapter 2
review sheet.
2.With your group members,
arrange the arrows,
pictures, and words to show
the state changes of water.

38. Gas Laws
Chapter 2
Test Review

39. ENDOTHERMIC ENDOTHERMIC
EXOTHERMIC EXOTHERMIC
ENDOTHERMIC
Melting Vaporization
Sublimation
CondensationFreezing

40. Internet Demos…

41. Which law is it?
Why?

42. Which law is it?
Why?

43. Scientific Method…
In a science experiment, you have
several factors:
1. Constant: the item that is not
changing throughout the experiment
2. Independent variable: The factor the
scientist is changing
3. Dependent variable: The factor that
changes because of the independent
variable

44. Vacuum Pump Demo:
What 2 variables are
being changed?
Which law is being
demonstrated?
Why do you know?

45. Glove Demo:
What 2 variables are
being changed?
Which law is being
demonstrated?
Why do you know?

46. Pumpkin Demo:
Is this reaction
endothermic or
exothermic?
Why do you
know?

47. State change graph:
Is this graph endothermic or
exothermic? Why?
What states are present at A, C, E?
What state changes happen at D, B?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

48. Extension…
How can you
change the boiling
point or freezing
point of water?
(Hint: you probably do this and don’t know exactly
why!)

49. 1.Complete the exit slip on your
desk.