This document provides an overview of grammar concepts related to the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It defines how to form the present perfect with "have/has + past participle" and present perfect continuous with "have/has been + verb-ing". It lists irregular past participles and provides examples of how and why these tenses are used to link past and present time periods. The document also discusses using time expressions like "for", "since", "already" with the present perfect and gives practice questions for students to ask each other.

1. Module 2
Grammar

2. How long have you been studying English?
Have you been to England before?
Have you been to a club this month?
How long had you been going to Corvinus before
you took this English class?
How many times have you been to Hero’s Square?

3. How do we create it?
Present Perfect:
Have + past participle
Has + past participle
Present Perfect Continuous
Have+ been verb-ing
Has + been verb-ing

4. Irregular Past Participle
Arise arose arisen
Blow
Dig
Eat
Forbid
Know
Lie
Sing
Shrink
Stand
Write

5. Arise arose arisen
Blow blew blown
Dig dug dug
Eat ate eaten
Forbid forbade forbidden
Know knew known
Lie lay lain
Sing sang sung
Shrink shrankshrunk
Stand stood stood
Write wrote written

6.  Why do we use them?
◦ To link two times.
◦ Looking back from one point to the time before that.

7.  Present Perfect Simple: I’ve lived here for years.
I’ve lived here
Past
Now
Present Perfect Continuous: Have you been living here long?

8. Past perfect simple: When I got back, they’d all
left.
They’d all left I got back
Before Past Now
that

9.  Future Perfect: By this time tomorrow. I’ll have finished all my
exams!
I’ll have finished my exams
Now Before this time
that tomorrow

10.  Links the present and past in a number of different
ways….

11.  When we are interested in the present result of a
past action
Ex. Oh no! the computer’s crashed again!
Ex. There has just been a bad accident on the M6.

12.  When no action or state started in the past, but is
incomplete or still in progress.
 Ex. I’ve been a Manchester United supporter for
as long as I can remember.
 Ex. How long have you known each other?

14.  When no action happened in the past but is still
current/relevant in the speaker’s mind.
 Ex. This book has sold over a million copies.
 Ex. I’ve been to Italy several times. (repeated
action)

15. Present time period:
Today, this week, this year, etc.
Adverbs:
For and since, already, just, recently, ever, never
Phrases:
Twice, three times, several times

16. What is something you have done…
Today four times
This week hundred’s of times
This year
Already
Recently
Never
Ever
twice

17.  We use the PP in the pattern:
First/second/third time + clause
It’s only the second time I’ve met Harry, but I feel as
if we’re already friends.

18.  Links past with the present
 ….how long?
 …..for
 …since
 ….a long time
 ….all day
 ….all week …etc

19. 1. Have you done your homework?
Have you been doing your homework?
2. I’ve lived in this house for over a year.
I’ve been living in this house for over a year.
3. Have you been out today?
Did you go out today?
4. I’ve been having lots of nightmares.
I’ve had lots of nightmares.

20.  Ask each other questions.. Come up with 3
responses.
 Hobbies and Free Time
◦ I have been knitting for three years.
 Friends and Family
◦ I have seen my mom twice this year.
 Work and Studies
◦ I have worked at Corvinus for 2 months.